Factores asociados a lesiones músculo-esqueléticas por carga en trabajadores hospitalarios de la ciudad de Torreón, Coahuila, México / Musculoskeletal lesions while lifting-related factors in workers at 3 hospitals in Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico

OBJETIVO. Identificar factores asociados en la aparición de lesiones músculo-esqueléticas por carga en trabajadores hospitalarios. MÉTODOS. Se aplicó el cuestionario estandarizado nórdico de sintomatologías músculo-esqueléticas con corte transversal que evaluó la frecuencia y factores asociados para las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas en 48 trabajadores. RESULTADOS. La media de edad en hombres fue de 29,1+6,7 y en mujeres 26,5+6,9. El turno matutino tiene mayor actividad laboral. El 43,75% eran paramédicos y el 22,92% enfermeras. La espalda fue la región más afectada en los camilleros y paramédicos; mientras que enfermería reportó más dolor en pies y piernas. Se presentaron correlaciones significativas entre la antigüedad y los días que se presenta el dolor en la región anatómica. El 81,9% no usa equipo de protección contra lesiones en espalda. El 91,67% refirió capacitación previa para desarrollar actividades de cargas dentro del hospital. CONCLUSIONES. Consideramos la importancia de la higiene ocupacional en las actividades hospitalarias y la capacitación del uso del equipo de protección personal en las actividades laborales que se realizan, la falta de uso puede ser uno de los factores determinantes para el incremento en los días con dolor en alguna región anatómica cuando incrementan los años laborables, principalmente lo que corresponde a espalda alta y baja.

OBJECTIVE: To identify musculoskeletal lesions while lifting-related factors in hospital workers and lifting. METHODS: A transversal study was carried out evaluating the prevalence and associated factors to musculoskeletal lesions in 48 workers, using the Nordic Standardized Questionnaire of musculoskeletal symptoms. RESULTS: The mean age was 29.1+6.7 for males and 26.5+6.9 for females. The morning shift had greater activity, Paramedics accounted for the 43.75% and nurses for the 22.92%. Back pain was the most reported symptom among paramedics and auxiliary personnel; nurses reported feet and legs pain. Significant correlations were observed between seniority and the days with pain in the different anatomical regions. 81.9% of the workers do not use safety equipment against back injuries, and 91.67% stated receiving previous training course on lifting activities within the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: We evaluated the importance of occupational hygiene within the hospital activities, as well as training of personal safety equipment. The lack of such may be a determining factor that increases days in pain in specific anatomic regions as the working years go by, particularly those pertaining to both upper and lower back.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for non-small-cell lung cancer: finding patients who will be responsive.

In recent years, the management of lung cancer has been moving towards molecular-guided treatment, and the best example of this new approach is the use of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) erlotinib and gefitinib in patients with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Erlotinib was introduced as a second- and third-line therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and demonstrated a survival advantage over placebo in unselected patients. Gefitinb did not confer the same advantage but specific subgroups of patients obtained higher response rates. The discovery of EGFR mutations explained the molecular mechanism of sensitivity to TKIs, and several clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of TKIs in EGFR-mutated patients. New molecular alterations involving different genes have also been described and associated with sensitivity or resistance to TKIs. The identification of molecular predictors of response can allow the selection of patients who will be the most likely to respond to erlotinib and gefitinib.