Factorial and network structure of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS-2) in Peruvian adolescents.

Depression in young people is considered a public health problem, given that it affects their personal, social, and academic lives; therefore, early detection of depressive symptoms is of importance for a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to estimate the psychometric properties of the second edition of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS-2) in Peruvian adolescents. The sample was composed of 917 Peruvian adolescents, aged 13 to 18 years (M = 15,241, SD = 1,020), who were selected from two public educational institutions in Metropolitan Lima. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 25-item model with the four-dimensional structure and its overall and interdimensional reliability. This structure was found to be gender invariant. Finally, network analysis was performed to assess the relationships and centralities of the depressive symptoms of the validated version of the RADS-2. The results show that the RADS-2 measure is a consistent and reliable test that yields valid results in the Peruvian adolescent context.

Validation of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory in Adolescents Who Lost a Family Member in the Past 4 years: Effects of Time After the Death Event and Gender.

Post-traumatic growth is the psychological capacity to perceive positive changes facing high-stress or potentially traumatic events and may be especially useful in lessening their effects in adolescents' lives. Present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) in 662 Peruvian adolescents who suffered the death of an immediate family member over the last 4 years. Firstly, an exploratory graphical analysis (EGA) was conducted to determine the best parsimonious structure of the instrument and confirmed with its respective factor models. The results report adequate fit indices in the EGA Bifactor model. Furthermore, another structural model is included, which reports significant latent effects of the time elapsed since the relative's death and gender (male) on PTGI general factor. Likewise, gender measure was significantly related to items 3, 7, and 11, which is linked to personal growth.

Network Structure of Comorbidity Patterns in U.S. Adults with Depression: A National Study Based on Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Background: People with depression are at increased risk for comorbidities; however, the clustering of comorbidity patterns in these patients is still unclear. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify latent comorbidity patterns and explore the comorbidity network structure that included 12 chronic conditions in adults diagnosed with depressive disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on secondary data from the 2017 behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) covering all 50 American states. A sample of 89,209 U.S. participants, 29,079 men and 60,063 women aged 18 years or older, was considered using exploratory graphical analysis (EGA), a statistical graphical model that includes algorithms for grouping and factoring variables in a multivariate system of network relationships. Results: The EGA findings show that the network presents 3 latent comorbidity patterns, i.e., that comorbidities are grouped into 3 factors. The first group was composed of 7 comorbidities (obesity, cancer, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, arthritis, kidney disease, and diabetes). The second pattern of latent comorbidity included the diagnosis of asthma and respiratory diseases. The last factor grouped 3 conditions (heart attack, coronary heart disease, and stroke). Hypertension reported higher measures of network centrality. Conclusion: Associations between chronic conditions were reported; furthermore, they were grouped into 3 latent dimensions of comorbidity and reported network factor loadings. The implementation of care and treatment guidelines and protocols for patients with depressive symptomatology and multimorbidity is suggested.

Enneagram typologies and healthy personality to psychosocial stress: A network approach.

Introduction: Enneagram typologies may impact psychological well-being and stressful situations in college students. However, the literature is still limited in the study of dynamic personality models such as the Enneagram in Spanish-speaking university students, and a better understanding is needed. Objective: To analyze network associations and centrality measures of Enneagram personality typologies in Peruvian university students. Methods: A total of 859 Peruvian university students responded to two instruments assessing: The Pangrazzi's Enneagram personality types and healthy personality to psychosocial stress. All instruments showed good psychometric values (validity and consistency). A regularized cross-sectional network structure was estimated with Gaussian graphical model and the graphical LASSO. Results: Enneagram types 4, 5, and 6 presented the highest and positive associations in the network structure. Type 6 emerged as the node with the highest predictability. The healthy personality and type 7 acted as bridges between the communities, with types 6, 7, and 8 being the most central nodes. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Enneagram type 7 with healthy personality to psychosocial stress plays an important role in the development of the causal activation of the network model. The network shows causal associations between psychosocial stress and types 6, 7, 8, and 9.

Consumo de hierbas medicinales para aliviar síntomas de afecciones respiratorias y COVID-19 / Use of medicinal herbs to relieve symptoms of respiratory conditions and COVID-19 / Uso de ervas medicinais para aliviar sintomas de doenças respiratórias e COVID-19

Con el brote de COVID-19, se incrementó el consumo de plantas medicinales a raíz de su fácil, económica disponibilidad y conocimientos empíricos de sus propiedades medicinales y efectos terapéuticos para algunas enfermedades. Esta realidad de consumo de hierbas medicinales para aliviar síntomas de afecciones respiratorias y COVID-19, motivó la presente investigación. Objetivo. Determinar el grado de asociación entre el consumo de hierbas medicinales y su efecto en alivio de síntomas del virus. Materiales y método. La metodología se basa en estudio descriptivo, enfoque cuantitativo, prospectivo. Se recolectó los datos desde febrero hasta mayo del 2021 con una muestra de 400 personas que comprendió ambos sexos. Se encuestó sobre ¿Qué hierbas medicinales consumieron en forma de infusión? y ¿Con qué frecuencia consumen para aliviar los síntomas relacionados a afecciones respiratorias y COVID-19? Resultados. Los resultados determinaron que las hierbas medicinales de mayor consumo fueron Matico (Buddleja globosa), Eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus), Escorzonera (Perezia multiflora) y Huamanripa (Senecio tephrosioides); con una frecuencia de 2 a 3 veces por día y 4 o 5 días por semana; marzo se obtuvo 3% consumo de Huamanripa y mayo 6% de hierbas combinada para afecciones respiratorias y COVID-19 respectivamente, febrero con 29% para afecciones respiratorias y mayo con 73% para dolencias del COVID-19. Sintieron alivio al ingerir infusiones de hierbas medicinales en mayo con 79% y coeficiente de determinación de 0.9984 que indica una alta asociación. Conclusiones. Al analizar los datos entre consumo de hierbas medicinales y alivio de síntomas de COVID-19, se obtuvo una alta correlación; por lo tanto, indica que alivia los síntomas.

With the outbreak of COVID-19, the consumption of medicinal plants increased due to their easy, inexpensive availability and empirical knowledge of their medicinal properties and therapeutic effects for some diseases. This reality of consumption of medicinal herbs to alleviate symptoms of respiratory conditions and COVID-19, motivated the present investigation. Objective. To determine the degree of association between the consumption of medicinal herbs and their effect in relieving symptoms of the virus. Materials and method. The methodology is based on a descriptive study, quantitative approach, prospective. Data were collected from February to May 2021 with a sample of 400 people comprising both sexes. A survey was conducted on What medicinal herbs did they consume in the form of infusion? and How often do they consume them to alleviate symptoms related to respiratory conditions and COVID-19? Results. The results determined that the most consumed medicinal herbs were Matico (Buddleja globosa), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), Escorzonera (Perezia multiflora) and Huamanripa (Senecio tephrosioides); with a frequency of 2 to 3 times per day and 4 or 5 days per week; In March there was 3% consumption of Huamanripa and May 6% of combined herbs for respiratory conditions and COVID-19 respectively, February with 29% for respiratory conditions and May with 73% for COVID-19 ailments. They felt relief by ingesting medicinal herbal infusions in May with 79% and coefficient of determination of 0.9984 indicating a high association. Conclusions. When analyzing the data between consumption of medicinal herbs and relief of COVID-19 symptoms, a high correlation was obtained; therefore, it indicates that it relieves symptoms.

Com o surgimento da COVID-19, o consumo de plantas medicinais aumentou devido à sua disponibilidade fácil e barata e ao conhecimento empírico de suas propriedades medicinais e efeitos terapêuticos para algumas doenças. Esta realidade de consumo de ervas medicinais para aliviar os sintomas de problemas respiratórios e a COVID-19 motivou a presente pesquisa. Objetivo. Para determinar o grau de associação entre o consumo de ervas medicinais e seu efeito no alívio dos sintomas do vírus. Materiais e método. A metodologia é baseada em um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e prospectivo. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a maio de 2021 com uma amostra de 400 pessoas de ambos os sexos. Pesquisamos quais ervas medicinais eles consumiram na forma de chá de ervas e com que freqüência consumiram para aliviar os sintomas relacionados às condições respiratórias e à COVID-19. Resultados. Os resultados determinaram que as ervas medicinais mais consumidas foram matico (Buddleja globosa), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), Escorzonera (Perezia multiflora) e Huamanripa (Senecio tephrosioides); com uma freqüência de 2 a 3 vezes por dia e 4 a 5 dias por semana; Março teve 3% de consumo de Huamanripa e maio 6% de ervas combinadas para doenças respiratórias e COVID-19 respectivamente, fevereiro com 29% para doenças respiratórias e maio com 73% para doenças COVID-19. Eles sentiram alívio ao ingerir chás de ervas em maio com 79 % e um coeficiente de determinação de 0,9984 indicando uma alta associação. Conclusões. Ao analisar os dados entre o consumo de ervas medicinais e o alívio dos sintomas da COVID-19, foi obtida uma alta correlação; portanto, indica que ela alivia os sintomas.

Factors related to positive attitudes toward palliative care: Direct and indirect effects of self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, and beliefs.

CONTEXT: Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward palliative care (PC) constitute barriers to its access. Few studies have focused on the intrinsic relationship between these variables, and none has examined the relationship between them and self-care self-efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To examine the direct and indirect effects of self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, and beliefs on attitudes toward PC. METHODS: A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted. Self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about PC were analyzed using information from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, cycle 2, 2018). Data from 1,162 participants were considered. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to represent the statistical mediation model with latent and observable variables. RESULTS: The structural model presents positive coefficients indicating that self-care self-efficacy significantly predicts knowledge (ß = 0.127, p < 0.001) and beliefs (ß = 0.078, p = 0.023). Similarly, knowledge is associated with attitudes (ß = 0.179, p < 0.001) and beliefs (ß = 0.213, p < 0.001). The beliefs measure is also significantly related to attitudes (ß = 0.474, p < 0.001). In addition, this structural multiple mediation model shows optimal goodness-of-fit indices: χ2/df = 3.49, CFI = 0.983, TLI = 0.976, RMSEA = 0.046 [90% CI: 0.037-0.056], SRMR = 0.038. CONCLUSION: Self-care self-efficacy is significantly associated with knowledge and beliefs about PC, which in turn are related to each other. Altogether, these variables predict positive attitudes toward PC. Understanding the relationship between these variables is relevant for targeting-specific populations and designing timely strategies to improve access to PC.

Network Analysis of Depressive Symptomatology in Underweight and Obese Adults.

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms can affect people's quality of life and social environment. In addition, in severe situations, they can lead to suicidal behaviors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the differences in depressive symptoms in underweight and obese Peruvian adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on secondary data obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI), Lima, Peru. A sample of 10 053 participants was considered, of which 55.96% were women. Two Gaussian plot models were estimated and the levels of depressive symptomatology were compared between the 2 groups (adults with underweight and obese). RESULTS: A total of 1510 (15.02%) were underweight adults and 8543 (84.98%) were obese adults. There were differences in the reporting of depressive symptoms in the underweight group; the most central items were "Depressed mood" (PH2), "Tiredness/low energy" (PH4), and "Psychomotor difficulties" (PH8). CONCLUSION: This study provides new evidence on the dynamic relationship between depressive symptoms according to the body mass index categories (underweight and obese) assessed.

Recolección de residuos domiciliarios y hábitos de higiene al manipularlos durante la pandemia por el Covid-19 / Collection of household waste and hygiene habits when handling it during the Covid-19 pandemic / Coleta de lixo doméstico e hábitos de higiene no manuseio durante a pandemia de Covid-19

La optimización de la recolección de los residuos domiciliarios y los hábitos de salud previenen infecciones y enfermedades del Covid-19; por lo que, el recojo de los residuos permite reducir hospederos de moscas que son vectores de enfermedades. Por este motivo, se realizó la investigación sobre la recolección de residuos domiciliarios y hábitos de higiene al manipularlos durante la pandemia. El objetivo fue determinar la eficiencia del servicio de recolección de residuos e higiene al manipular los residuos. La metodología se basa en la investigación descriptiva, por lo que se usó instrumentos de cuestionarios sobre qué opinión tiene sobre el plan de recojo de residuos, cuál es su opinión sobre el plan de recojo de residuo y hace el lavado de manos constantemente al manipular los residuos. Los resultados determinaron que diciembre destacó que se debe mejorar el recojo de residuos con 19 %, sacan sus residuos a la hora del recojo con 91 %, está de acuerdo con la gestión municipal sobre el recojo de residuos con 88 y en hábitos de salud hace el lavado de mano con 82 % y uso de alcohol con 12 %. Se concluye que el recojo de residuos fue eficiente para tener un ambiente saludable; sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta el lavado de manos. Por lo tanto, estas actitudes de higiene prevendrán enfermarse.

The optimization of household waste collection and health habits prevent infections and diseases of Covid-19; therefore, the collection of waste allows to reduce hosts of flies that are vectors of diseases. For this reason, research was conducted on the collection of household waste and hygiene habits when handling it during the pandemic. The objective was to determine the efficiency of the waste collection service and hygiene when handling waste. The methodology is based on descriptive research, so questionnaire instruments were used on what opinion they have about the waste collection plan, what is their opinion about the waste collection plan and do they wash their hands constantly when handling waste. The results determined that December highlighted that waste collection should be improved with 19%, they take out their waste at the time of collection with 91%, they agree with the municipal management of waste collection with 88% and in health habits they wash their hands with 82% and use alcohol with 12%. It is concluded that waste collection was efficient to have a healthy environment; however, hand washing should be taken into account. Therefore, these hygiene attitudes will prevent getting sick.

A otimização da coleta de lixo doméstico e hábitos de saúde previnem infecções e doenças do Covid-19; Portanto, a coleta de resíduos permite reduzir hospedeiros de moscas que são vetores de doenças. Por isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre a coleta de lixo doméstico e hábitos de higiene ao manuseá-lo durante a pandemia. O objetivo foi determinar a eficiência do serviço de coleta de resíduos e higiene no manuseio dos resíduos. A metodologia é baseada em pesquisa descritiva, então foram utilizados instrumentos de questionário sobre a opinião que você tem sobre o plano de coleta de resíduos, qual a sua opinião sobre o plano de coleta de resíduos e você lava constantemente as mãos ao manusear os resíduos. Os resultados determinaram que dezembro destacou que a coleta de resíduos deve ser melhorada com 19%, eles retiram seus resíduos no momento da coleta com 91%, concordam com a gestão municipal na coleta de resíduos com 88% e nos hábitos de saúde faz a lavagem das mãos com 82% e uso de álcool com 12%. Conclui-se que a gestão da coleta de lixo domiciliar é favorável; no entanto, a lavagem das mãos deve continuar a ser otimizada e levada em conta de forma eficiente para evitar adoecimento; uma vez que é provável que o vírus esteja presente por 72 horas na superfície.

Digital Intimate Partner Violence Among Peruvian Youths: Validation of an Instrument and a Theoretical Proposal.

The present study presents psychometric information on a new instrument, the Digital Intimate Partner Violence Questionnaire (DIPVQ), and explores the similitudes and differences between in-person and digital-based abuses (those that involve the use of information and communication technologies [ICTs]). In all, 449 Peruvian students took part in the study (X = 21.2 years; SD = 4.3 years; 73% women). DIPVQ structure was determined by carrying out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with polychoric correlation matrices and oblique rotation. In-person violence was assessed using the Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) and self-labeling questions (e.g., feeling trapped, afraid, and abused). Relationship satisfaction was assessed using the Perceived Relationship Quality Components-Short Form (PRQC-SF). EFA showed a two-scale structure for the DIPVQ: control-centered cyberabuse (N = 5; control, monitoring, and identity theft; EAP alpha = .96) and damage-centered cyberabuse (N = 7; unwanted sexual contents, blackmailing, and causing debts throughout ICT; Expected-A-Posteriori alpha = .97). DIPVQ had direct relationship to DVQ and self-labeling (p < .001; d = 0.38-1.18), and inverse to PRQC-SF (p = .11; d = .22-.33). Behaviors such as impersonation and monitoring were reported by more than 20% of participants. Online and offline victimization coexist in 42% of cases, while 3.6% of aggressions happened exclusively via ICT. DIPVQ is a valid and reliable measure of digital victimization. The control-centered scale had a higher frequency, although the damage-centered scale had stronger relationship to feeling afraid and abused. While previous literature has classified online aggressions regarding their aesthetic appearance, it seems that their functional value (control vs. hurting) could provide a better framework for understanding these aggressions.

Funcionalidad familiar, satisfacción con la vida y trastornos alimentarios en estudiantes universitarios / Family functioning, satisfaction with life and eating disorders in university students

FUNDAMENTOS: Los trastornos alimentarios son muy frecuentes entre los grupos poblacionales adolescentes y jóvenes, especialmente en la población femenina y universitaria, pero suelen variar de acuerdo a características propias y de su familia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar si existe correlación entre la funcionalidad familiar, la satisfacción con la vida y los trastornos alimentarios en un grupo de estudiantes de una universidad privada en Lima. MÉTODOS: El estudio es descriptivo, correlacional, transversal. La población estuvo formada por 230 estudiantes, y se seleccionó de manera aleatoria una muestra de 146 estudiantes. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias (EAT-26), versión en español de Gandarillas, la escala de satisfacción con la vida (SWLS) y el Apgar familiar. RESULTADOS: El 15,8% de estudiantes presentó un trastorno alimentario, el 13,0% manifiesta insatisfacción con la vida; y el 58,9% presenta alguna disfunción familiar. El análisis de las variables muestra una correlación baja pero significativa entre las tres variables de estudio (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: Se evidencia una relación significativa entre la funcionalidad familiar, la satisfacción con la vida y la presencia de trastornos alimentarios

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders are very frequent among adolescent and young population groups, especially in the female and university population, but they usually vary according to their own characteristics and those of their family. The objective of this research was to study if exists correlation between family functionality, satisfaction with life and eating disorders in a group of students from a private university in Lima. METHODS: The study is descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational. The population consisted of 230 students, and a sample of 146 students was randomly selected. The instruments used were the Test of Food Attitudes (EAT-26), Spanish version of Gandarillas, the scale of satisfaction with life (SWLS) and family Apgar. RESULTS: 15.8% of students presented an eating disorder, 13.0% showed dissatisfaction with life; and 58.9% present some family dysfunction. The analysis between the variables shows a significant correlation and correlation between the three study variables (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A correlation between family functionality, satisfaction with life and the presence of eating disorders is evidenced

[Non infectious pollakiura of women : diagnosis and treatment]. / Pollakiurie non infectieuse de la femme : bilan et traitement.

Overactive bladder is a frequent condition, often underdiagnosed, which affects deeply the quality of life of patients. The main burden linked to this syndrome is the limitation of every day life activities and the emotional impact which can even lead to depression.This impact on quality of life makes it a public health problem due to the high costs which stem from its management. In this context, a prompt and correct diagnosis, excluding all differential diagnosis, is essential before considering treatment options.

L'hyperactivité vésicale est un trouble fréquent, souvent sousdiagnostiqué, affectant la qualité de vie des patients atteints : limitation des activités quotidiennes, impact émotionnel profond, voire dépression. Les conséquences sur la qualité de vie en font un problème de santé publique aux coûts élevés pour le patient et la société. Dans ce contexte, le diagnostic doit être rapide et efficace. Les diagnostics différentiels doivent être soigneusement exclus avant d'envisager tout traitement.

[Renal mass biopsy: usefulness and indications]. / Biopsies des masses rénales: utilité et indications.

Whereas renal biopsy is routinely performed in nephrology for the management of renal failure or follow-up of kidney grafts, it has historically been seldom used in urology for the work-up of kidney tumours because of its low yield. Since a few years however, some authors recommend to biopsy select renal lesions to improve their diagnosis and management. Indeed, biopsy technique has evolved, leading to better tissue sampling. Moreover, the risk of tumoral seeding of the needle tract has proven to be negligeable. Renal biopsy appears now to be useful for managing atypical solid renal lesions, those < or =3 cm, possible neoplastic lesions in solitary kidneys, bilateral renal tumours, putative renal metastasis, so as lesions in functionally deficient kidneys.