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1.
J Int Med Res ; 45(2): 451-461, 2017 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28345424

RESUMO

Objective To explore the potential presence of a social/behavioural gradient in dental health among Italian adults using a cross-sectional study. Methods Caries indices were recorded among 480 subjects (52.9% men, 47.1% women) who also completed a structured self-administered social and behavioural questionnaire. A social/behavioural gradient was generated as the sum of the worst circumstances recorded on the questionnaire (cariogenic diet, smoking, lowest occupational profile, brushing teeth < twice daily, lowest educational level, uneven dental examination attendance). Results Caries figures (DMFT) and the number of filled sound teeth (FS-T) were statistically significantly linked to the social/behavioural gradient (DMFT: χ2(9) = 20.17 p = 0.02, Z = 0.02 p = 0.99; FS-T: χ2(9) = 25.68 p < 0.01, Z = -4.31 p < 0.01). DMFT was statistically significantly associated with gender and with social and behavioural variables. FS-T was higher in women (p = 0.03) and was linked to smoking ( p < 0.01). Conclusions The proposed social/behavioural gradient demonstrated how subjects reporting the worst circumstances on the questionnaire exhibited the worst dental health. The use of the gradient demonstrates that health promotion and prevention cannot be compartmentalized.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/psicologia , Dieta Cariogênica/efeitos adversos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/psicologia , Escovação Dentária/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Cárie Dentária/fisiopatologia , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Índice de Higiene Oral , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/fisiopatologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Escovação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos
2.
BMC Public Health ; 16(1): 1213, 2016 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27905917

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Actual caries figures emphasize the need to identify the risk indicators involved in the disease's development. The hypothesis that certain risk indicators might affect the dynamic evolution of the caries process was assessed; to clarify this premise, a cross-sectional survey was performed in school children. METHODS: A total of 390 subjects aged 6-8 years old were randomly selected. Caries was assessed, and the subjects were stratified as follows: i) highest caries score; ii) most prevalent caries score; and iii) number of affected teeth. Parents/guardians completed a questionnaire regarding vital statistics, socio-economic indicators, dietary habits, oral hygiene habits and oral health behaviours. RESULTS: Caries was detected in 42.31% of the subjects. Maternal nationality, parental education level, use of a sweetened pacifier at night, intake of lactose-free milk and toothbrushing frequency were statistically significant associated (p < 0.05) with subjects stratified according to the highest caries score. Parental educational level, maternal occupational status and use of a sweetened pacifier at night were associated (p < 0.05) with affected children stratified according to the most prevalent caries score. Maternal educational level and intake of lactose-free milk were associated with subjects with moderate caries stages compared to being caries-free (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). Maternal nationality (p < 0.01) and toothbrushing frequency (p = 0.01) were associated with subjects affected by extensive lesions compared to caries-free children. In subjects affected by initial lesions as the most prevalent figure, gender (male) and paternal occupation status (unemployed) were statistically significant associated (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively) compared to those affected by highest prevalence of extensive caries lesions. In children with the highest prevalence of moderate caries lesions, maternal education level (p < 0.01), paternal occupational status (p = 0.03) and use of a sweetened pacifier at night (p < 0.01) were statistically significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal nationality, maternal low level of education, intake of lactose-free milk and low toothbrushing frequency were involved in the change from caries-free status to different caries stages. Gender, paternal unemployment, maternal low educational level and use of a sweetened pacifier were correlated with caries progression, showing how distinctive risk indicators were associated with different caries stages.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Laticínios , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Higiene Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Escovação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
Braz Oral Res ; 29(1): S1806-83242015000100306, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26892361

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation among socio-behavioral factors, caries status and caries risk, calculated through Cariogram, in an adult population. Four hundred eighty subjects (mean age 40.73, SE ± 0.33) randomly selected from the municipal electoral registry consented to participate in the survey. Subjects were examined, and the International Caries Detection Assessment System (ICDAS) index was registered. A highly structured questionnaire was submitted to investigate (1) personal data (i.e., age, gender, educational level, job categorization), (2) life-style behavior (i.e., smoking and dietary habits), and (3) oral health behavior (i.e., tooth brushing, use of fluoride and dental check-up frequency). An evaluation of the mutans streptococci concentration in saliva was also performed. Information on caries-related factors was entered into the Cariogram in order to generate an individual caries risk profile for each subject. Multinomial logistic regression was performed using Cariogram levels as the dependent variable. The possible correlated variables were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). Considering ICDAS scores, 5.62% of the sample had at least an initial decay (ICDAS = 1-2), whereas 40.83% of the sample presented at least one moderate decay (ICDAS = 3-4) and 17.08% a severe decay (ICDAS = 5-6). Decay at ICDAS levels 5-6 and more than 5 missing teeth were statistically associated with Cariogram scores (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.83-3.03 and OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.13-1.82, respectively). The results suggest that the Cariogram model was able to identify caries-related factors in an adult population. A direct association among the risk categories from Cariogram, the caries status and some socio-behavioral variables was verified.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Adulto , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Assunção de Riscos , Saliva/microbiologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Streptococcus mutans
4.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 29(1): 1-8, 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-777261

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation among socio-behavioral factors, caries status and caries risk, calculated through Cariogram, in an adult population. Four hundred eighty subjects (mean age 40.73, SE ± 0.33) randomly selected from the municipal electoral registry consented to participate in the survey. Subjects were examined, and the International Caries Detection Assessment System (ICDAS) index was registered. A highly structured questionnaire was submitted to investigate (1) personal data (i.e., age, gender, educational level, job categorization), (2) life-style behavior (i.e., smoking and dietary habits), and (3) oral health behavior (i.e., tooth brushing, use of fluoride and dental check-up frequency). An evaluation of the mutans streptococci concentration in saliva was also performed. Information on caries-related factors was entered into the Cariogram in order to generate an individual caries risk profile for each subject. Multinomial logistic regression was performed using Cariogram levels as the dependent variable. The possible correlated variables were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). Considering ICDAS scores, 5.62% of the sample had at least an initial decay (ICDAS = 1-2), whereas 40.83% of the sample presented at least one moderate decay (ICDAS = 3-4) and 17.08% a severe decay (ICDAS = 5-6). Decay at ICDAS levels 5-6 and more than 5 missing teeth were statistically associated with Cariogram scores (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.83–3.03 and OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.13–1.82, respectively). The results suggest that the Cariogram model was able to identify caries-related factors in an adult population. A direct association among the risk categories from Cariogram, the caries status and some socio-behavioral variables was verified.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Itália/epidemiologia , Assunção de Riscos , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Streptococcus mutans , Saliva/microbiologia
5.
J Public Health Dent ; 74(2): 147-52, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24117607

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the influence of several determinants on the presence of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children living in northern Sardinia, Italy. These determinants include the educational level and occupational status of the parents as a proxy for the socioeconomical level (SES) and behavioral factors (dietary and oral hygiene). METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study was designed with a dental examination and a standardized questionnaire. Five hundred forty-four subjects (260 girls and 284 boys) were enrolled and categorized into two age groups: 359 children were aged 18-47 months and 185 children were aged 48-60 months. RESULTS: The total caries prevalence was 15.99%. Caries risk increased with lower parents' educational level (P = 0.01), increased number of siblings (P < 0.01), the use of bottle feeding (P = 0.02), and the use of a sweetened baby's pacifier at night (P = 0.01). In robust multivariate analysis, a high parental educational level played a protective role on the presence of caries lesion [odds ratio (OR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-0.78]; the mother's being employed had a positive statistically significant association with the child having decayed, missing, filled tooth surfaces = 0 (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.23-0.97). The presence of more than one sibling in the family was associated with caries (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.20-2.40). CONCLUSION: ECC prevalence evaluated was similar to other western countries, and SES and behavioral habits influence the development of ECC.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência
6.
Am J Dent ; 27(4): 199-202, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25831603

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate if the intake of a fluoridated food supplement in breastfeeding mothers increases the fluoride concentration in breast milk. METHODS: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study was designed. Two groups of women were formed: a fluoride group (n = 112), using a non-sucrose food supplement containing fluoride (1,500 µg/l for each dose) and a control group (n = 116), using a non-sucrose food supplement without fluoride content. The women were followed for 6 weeks. Samples of breast milk were collected and analyzed using an ion-specific electrode. RESULTS: 85 women in the fluoride group and 83 in the control group concluded the trial. Fluoride concentrations in the two groups were statistically significantly different (515 µg/l in the fluoride and 476 µg/l in the control group P= 0.04) at the end of the experimental period. In the fluoride group, a statistically significant increment in fluoride concentration during the experimental period was also observed (from 468 ± 104 µg/l to 515 ± 105 µg/l). The use of a non-sucrose food supplement containing fluoride resulted in a significant increment in fluoride concentration in breast milk.


Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Fluoretos/análise , Leite Humano/química , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Fluoretos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Placebos
7.
Clin Oral Investig ; 17(3): 785-91, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22791282

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The hypothesis was that the daily use of a high dose of a xylitol chewing gum for 6 months would reduce the increment of decayed permanent first molar surfaces (ΔD6S) in high-risk schoolchildren after 2 years. METHODS: In this randomised, clinical trial, 204 schoolchildren with a high caries risk were assigned to two experimental groups, xylitol and non-xylitol. Caries status, salivary mutans streptococci, and lactobacilli were re-evaluated 2 years later in 74 xylitol-treated and 83 non-xylitol-treated schoolchildren. Differences in mean ∆D6S between groups registered at baseline and at follow-up were evaluated using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Outcome was the development of detectable carious lesions initial (D1-D2) and manifest (D3) in the permanent first molars. In the xylitol group, the difference in proportion of children with decayed first permanent molars at baseline and follow-up was 1.43% for manifest lesion and 2.86% for initial lesions; while in the non-xylitol group was 10.26% (p < 0.01) and 16.66% (p < 0.01), respectively. A statistically significant difference regarding means was also observed in the non-xylitol group: the ∆D6S for manifest lesion was 0.18 (p = 0.03) and 0.67 (p = 0.02) for initial lesion. CONCLUSION: The use of a chewing gum containing a high dose of xylitol for a period of 6 months has been shown to produce a long-term effect on caries development in high caries-risk children. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A school-based preventive programme based on 6 months' administration of a high dose of xylitol via chewing gum proved to be efficacious in controlling caries increment in high-risk children.


Assuntos
Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Goma de Mascar , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Serviços de Odontologia Escolar , Xilitol/uso terapêutico , Cariostáticos/administração & dosagem , Criança , Índice CPO , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Lactobacillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/patologia , Fatores de Risco , Saliva/microbiologia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Xilitol/administração & dosagem
8.
Ann Stomatol (Roma) ; 4(3-4): 239-43, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24611088

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The original english version of Oral Health Impact Profile (IOHIP) was translated in Italian language, and then validated among a consecutive sample of patients attending in the dental ward at the Dental Institute of the "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy. RESEARCH DESIGN: The original english version of IOHIP-14 was translated into the Italian language by a professional translator and subsequently back-translated into English by an independent person and then validated. PARTICIPANTS: 852 person, 342 males (40.1%) and 510 females (59.9%) participated to this survey. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.90. No correlation was negative and the correlation coefficients extended form 0.27 (the correlation between "pain" "irritable") to 0.69 (the correlation between "totally unable to function" and "difficult to do jobs"). The coefficients ranged from 0.42 to 0.74 with no value above the drop-out value of 0.20 recommended for included an item in a 15 points scale. A highly significant relationship between the IOHIP scores and the perceived oral health status was observed. The subjects who perceived their oral health status to be poor had a higher IOHIP score than those thought their oral health status was good or fair. Similarly there was a significant relationship between the IOHIP scores and the perceived need for dental care. CONCLUSIONS: The translated Italian version of IOHIP-14 demonstrates an acceptable method to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life, with evidence of reliability and validity, making it a promising instrument for assessing IOHIP in an adult population.

9.
Open Dent J ; 5: 136-8, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21892366

RESUMO

Several reports described various mosaic chromosomal syndromes characterized by alterations originated by either an excess or deficit in the number of chromosomes. A case of mosaic trisomy 8 and monosomy 18 with significant involvement of the oral cavity is described, both in terms of general medicine and from a dental-oral perspective, and the treatment plan was planned and discussed.Regular follow-up visits enabled to verify significant improvement in all parameters of the patient's oral health, which urged us to press on with our quest to protect the right to health of patients affected by disabilities.

10.
J Appl Oral Sci ; 19(4): 293-300, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21952925

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis, and biological complications after an observation period of at least 12 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic MEDLINE search supplemented by manual searching was conducted to identify studies reporting data of at least 12 months observation on the microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. RESULTS: Four studies resulted eligible for the analysis yielded. Three out of five studies were free of complications, with a success rate of 100% as no recurrence of osteonecrosis was registered. CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws represents a valid treatment modality in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis at 3rd stage of the disease.


Assuntos
Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/cirurgia , Fíbula/transplante , Microcirurgia/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Fíbula/cirurgia , Humanos
11.
J. appl. oral sci ; 19(4): 293-300, July-Aug. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-599748

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis, and biological complications after an observation period of at least 12 months. Material and methods: An electronic MEDLINE search supplemented by manual searching was conducted to identify studies reporting data of at least 12 months observation on the microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. RESULTS: Four studies resulted eligible for the analysis yielded. Three out of five studies were free of complications, with a success rate of 100 percent as no recurrence of osteonecrosis was registered. CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgical reconstruction of the jaws represents a valid treatment modality in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis at 3rd stage of the disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/cirurgia , Fíbula/transplante , Microcirurgia/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Fíbula/cirurgia
12.
Int J Paediatr Dent ; 21(2): 119-25, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20731733

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In schoolchildren the most commonly decayed primary teeth are molars affecting proximal adjacent surfaces especially. AIM: To determine whether a more acidic plaque in response to sucrose challenge is detected in children with more carious lesions. DESIGN: Plaque pH measurements, using the microtouch technique, were carried out in interproximal spaces between primary molars, in 157 high caries risk children (314 sites and caries status of the 628 proximal surfaces recorded). The area under the curve (AUC(5.7) and AUC(6.2) ) was analyzed. RESULTS: The AUC(5.7) and the AUC(6.2) showed a statistically significant difference between plaque adjacent to proximal surfaces with or without caries. Differences for AUC(5.7) and AUC(6.2) were recorded between one decayed surface compared to two decayed surfaces (P<0.01) whereas a statistical significant difference was only observed for AUC(5.7) , when the areas under the curve were obtained near one decayed surface compared to two sound surfaces (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The higher acidogenicity of the dental plaque found in presence of a proximal carious lesion in primary maxillary molars represents an additional risk factor for the adjacent surface. This finding may help clinicians in treatment decisions.


Assuntos
Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária/fisiologia , Cárie Dentária/fisiopatologia , Placa Dentária/fisiopatologia , Dente Decíduo/fisiopatologia , Área Sob a Curva , Cariogênicos/efeitos adversos , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/patologia , Placa Dentária/patologia , Dentina/patologia , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Maxila , Dente Molar/patologia , Sacarose/efeitos adversos , Dente Decíduo/patologia
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