RESUMO
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes a major health problem worldwide and intimately links with obesity and diabetes. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic impact of early treatment with metformin (MTF) alone or in combination with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri) + metronidazole (MTZ) in male Sprague Dawley rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Hepatic steatosis was induced by feeding rats HFD for 6 weeks. MTF (150 mg/kg/day) or L. reuteri (2 × 109 colony forming unit/day) were given orally for 4 weeks; meanwhile, MTZ (15 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was administered for 1 week. Administration of L. reuteri + MTZ in combination with MTF produced a superior effect concerning insulin resistance (IR), lipid profile, liver function, oxidative stress, inflammatory and autophagic markers than using each treatment alone. Besides, this combination resulted in disappearance of steatosis, inflammation and vacuolation within hepatic architecture. Moreover, it normalized short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes faecal contents. In conclusion, early treatment with L. reuteri + MTZ in combination with MTF could prevent NAFLD progression and liver injury through targeting gut dysbiosis, inflammation and autophagic pathways.
Assuntos
Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Disbiose , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Limosilactobacillus reuteri/química , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
A community-based survey was carried out in Basra governorate, Iraq, to estimate the prevalence of wheeze among children under 5 years old and to identify possible risk factors. It was found that 15.8% of the 424 preschool children enrolled in the study had a history of wheeze. More wheezy children lived in the city (16.3%) than in the rural area (15.0%). Family history of asthma in first-degree relatives was significantly associated with wheeze (44.8% of children with wheeze versus 15.1% without wheeze). Other household factors--parents' low educational level, formula or supplemental feeding as a baby, overcrowding, smoking at home, pet ownership and using kerosene--were associated with wheeze, but the results were not statistically significant. The role of environmental factors and feeding patterns needs to be further evaluated.
Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Asma/etiologia , Sons Respiratórios , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Asma/diagnóstico , Asma/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Pré-Escolar , Aglomeração , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Calefação/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Alimentos Infantis/efeitos adversos , Recém-Nascido , Iraque/epidemiologia , Querosene/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Avaliação das Necessidades , Pais/educação , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Recidiva , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A community-based survey was carried out in Basra governorate, Iraq, to estimate the prevalence of wheeze among children under 5 years old and to identify possible risk factors. It was found that 15.8% of the 424 preschool children enrolled in the study had a history of wheeze. More wheezy children lived in the city [16.3%] than in the rural area [15.0%]. Family history of asthma in first-degree relatives was significantly associated with wheeze [44.8% of children with wheeze versus 15.1% without wheeze]. Other household factors-parents' low educational level, formula or supplemental feeding as a baby, overcrowding, smoking at home, pet ownership and using kerosene-were associated with wheeze, but the results were not statistically significant. The role of environmental factors and feeding patterns needs to be further evaluated
