[Health-care provision to the rescue and other emergency operations in case of radiation accidents at facilities under FMBA of Russia service].

The article deals with the main tasks of health-care provision to the rescue and other emergency operations (ROEO) and organization of medical evacuation system FMBA of Russia in case of radiation accidents. The risk (threat) for workers engaged in ROEO, depending on the level of exposure of the radiation factor, is analyzed and recommendations for protective measures are considered. The authors showed the important role of the practical skills and knowledge of staff of institutions of FMBA of Russia and emergency response teams of radiation-hazardous facilities for address issues of healthcare provision to ROEO.

[Medical support of the Navy ships during long-term sailing].

The article presents peculiarities of organization of medical equipment of ships on service. The main of them are: a big farness from the base, necessity of realizing a qualified medical aid on the board because of uncapability of evacuation the patients to medical treatment facility in time, unsteady sanitarian-epidemiological status in areas of floats and in places of put in, influence of negative factors of inhabitation of ships, which calls different changes in functional condition of staff. Medical security consists of 3 parts: avance-float period, float period and after-float period. Such periodicity allows dividing efforts of medical security more professionally. The authors presents data, based on the experience of medical securing of the ships of crash team, created in the Northern Navy during the period from 3.12.2007 to 3.02.2008, realized a float from the base to Mediterranean Sea and back. Total distance was 15 sea miles, total duration was 62 days.

[Pharmacoprophylaxis of sea-sickness syndrome with the help of homeopathic drug "Avia-more"].

Anti-sea-sickness effect of a new homeopathic drug [see text] and its influence on operator's working capacity during Coriolis acceleration was evaluated in blind placebo-controlled investigation conducted in practically healthy volunteers with low vestibular resistance. For comparison "Dimenhydrinate" was used. The investigation has demonstrated that [see text] has rather strong anti-sea-sickness effect, is comparable with dimenhydrinate effectiveness and prevents the development of disorders in sensory-and-motor and cognitive functions during the influence of static-and- kinetic loads. According to the data obtained the protective action of [see text] is most likely connected with adaptive effect on organs and systems that form the functional protective system against sea-sickness. The negative influence of the drug on CNS complex functions was not observed that allows recommending its prophylactic use in subjects with low sea-sickness resistance including the operators.

[Age-related changes in operators' activities and brain bioelectrical activity in the Navy specialists]. / Vozrastnye izmeneniia operatorskoi deiatel'nosti i bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti golovnogo mozga u spetsialistov voenno-morskogo flota.

Psycho- and neurophysiologic investigation of 66 Navy specialists aged 18-71 has revealed the consecutive age-related worsening of different components of operators' activities with predominant and more early disorders in the processes of sensomotor coordination and attention. Apparently the age-related changes in functional state of certain cerebral areas underlie the observed disorders in operators' activities. It is supported by the results of correlation analysis between neurophysiologic and psychophysiologic indices.

[Neurophysiological and psychopharmacological effects of eiconol--a complex of unsaturated fatty acids]. / Neirofiziologicheskie i psikhofiziologicheskie éffekty éikonola--kompleksa nepredel'nykh zhirnykh kislot.

The effect of omega-3 polyunsturated fatty acids on the psychophysiological state of an operator was studied and mechanisms of the drug action were analyzed based on the EEG data. Changes in the psychophysiological and hemodynamic characteristics, EEG, and catecholamine excretion after a 30-day administration of eiconol--a complex of unsaturated fatty acids--in a daily dose of 8 g were studied in a group of 16 middle-aged healthy male operators. It was established that eiconol decreases systolic arterial pressure, reduces adrenalin excretion with urine, imparts the sense of well-being, improves the parameters of activity and the attention stability and concentration, and decreases the level of static tremor. The drug reduces basic anxiety level and motivation to the operator performance, but at the expense of some decrease in the sensomotor coordination. By the pattern of EEG profile changes, including an increase in the theta (5-7 Hz) and beta (15-28 Hz) bands and a decrease in the delta (0.8-2.0 Hz) band, eiconol resembles psychotropic agents of the adrenoblocking and GABA-ergic types, especially benzodiazepine activators.

[Use of column and thin layer chromatography for detection of vanillyl mandelic acid in urine]. / Primenenie kolonochnoi i tonkosloinoi khromatografii dlia opredeleniia soderzhaniia vanililmindal'noi kisloty v moche.

The excretion of vanillylmandelic acid was measured by column chromatography of urinary samples on aluminum oxide with subsequent thin-layer chromatography on silica gel. Use of aluminum oxide allowed application of greater urine samples (up to 0.1% of 24-h diuresis) onto chromatographic plates and essentially improved the quality of separation of vanillylmandelic acid from other phenylcarbonic acids by thin-layer chromatography, as well as the specificity and reproducibility of measurements.

[Operator activity and changes in the functional state of central adrenergic systems (a neurophysiological study)]. / Operatorskaia deiatel'nost' pri izmeneniiakh funktsional'nogo sostoianiia tsentral'nykh adrenergicheskikh sistem (neirofiziologicheskoe issledovanie).

With a view to increasing the quality of prognosis of the effect of central adrenergic drugs upon the operator psychophysiological state and performance, we studied correlations between changes in the psychophysiological performance parameters and the spectral-coherent EEG characteristics in a group of 20 healthy volunteers after moderate enhancement or reduction of the central adrenergic system activity by yohimbine and pyrroxan. The two drugs produced a marked opposite influence (positive for yohimbine and negative for pyrroxan) upon the visual memory, attention, and visual signal analysis, which was correlated with opposing changes in the EEG characteristics, predominantly in the right hemisphere. This result must be taken into account in determining indications and co-unterindications for the particular drug administration to working operators.

[The neuro- and psychophysiological effects of bromantane]. / Neiro- i psikhofiziologicheskie éffekty bromantana.

The study of EEG and psychophysiological parameters and their correlations in 10 healthy volunteers after single oral administration of bromantan in comparison with placebo revealed favourable influence of the drug on operators' functional state. By EEG-profile (increase in middle-frequency alpha-rhythm power with lowering of powers in delta- and beta1-bands) bromantan is similar to many drugs with moderate psychostimulating, antiamnestic and antihypoxic properties. Bromantan does not alter the subjective state and principal components of operators' performance in untired men but promotes the appearance of EEG-signs of moderate vigilance rise and forming of productive action state coupled with favourable for precise motor performance tremor reduction. Operator's functional state optimization leads to extension of reserve abilities and probably causes efficiency of bromantan as a well known remedy for maintenance of high working capacity in tired operators and under extreme conditions.

[Effects of bromantane and sidnocarb on long-term operant conditioning and its vegetative correlates in rats]. / Vliianie bromantana i sidnokarba na éffektivnost' dlitel'noi operantnoi deiatel'nosti i ee vegetativnye korreliaty u krys.

Bromantan (20 mg/kg, p.o.) and sydnocarb (10 mg/kg, p.o.) augment the efficacy of a 5-h operant activity in rats, the effect being achieved through different pathways. Sydnocarb increases the number of operant reactions and exhausts the sympathico adrenal system reserves. Bromantan favors the activity optimization by reducing the number of errors at a smaller number of operant reactions. Bromantan increases the tension of motivational component (electric pain irritation avoidance), whereas sydnocarb decreases this component of the operant behavior. None of the two drugs affects the degree of functional activation of the cardiovascular system.

[The use of enterosorbents for preventing and stopping chronic toxic stress in submariners]. / Ispol'zovanie énterosorbentov dlia profilaktiki i kupirovaniia khronicheskogo toksicheskogo stressa u podvodnikov.

The efficiency of prophylactic intestinal sorbents use (algisorb and activated carbon) to prevent chronic toxic stress was investigated in 20 healthy volunteers (atomic submarine personnel) basing on evaluation of central nervous system functional state, hemodynamics, hepatic detoxicative ability and dynamics of trace elements in urine. It was revealed that intestinal sorbents administration in daily dose of 5 g during 20 days promotes gastrointestinal elimination of toxic compounds (cadmium, bismuth, chrome, molybdenum, lithium). It is accompanied with decrease in organism intoxication evidences: reduction in central nervous system excessive excitation, decrease in functional tension of cardiovascular system, recovery of hepatic detoxicative ability. Algisorb has an advantage over activated carbon that allows to recommend this drug in prophylaxis and arresting of chronic toxic stress in submariners both during interfield period and autonomic sailing.