The influence of background music and narrative setting on anthropomorphic judgements of killer whale (Orcinus orca) emotional states and subsequent donation behavior.

Animal documentary films such as Blackfish, considered nonfiction accounts of reality, nonetheless use rhetorical devices to engage viewers and shape their emotional experience for maximum effect. Such devices can also influence attitudes and alter behavior. In animal documentaries, anthropomorphic impressions of the animals by audiences are key. Using general population samples in the US, three online experiments assessed the influence of background music and narrative setting on how viewers emotionally appraised the emotional state of a killer whale (Orcinus orca) and subsequently donated to causes affiliated with killer whales. While happy music led to perceptions of a happy whale, sad music led to perceptions of a sad whale. mediation analyses showed that these perceptions indirectly influence donation behavior, via beliefs about the killer whale's welfare and wellbeing. Analyses also indicated that the highest donation amounts towards killer whales were elicited from footage depicting a killer whale in the wild, with sad background music. These findings highlight the potential power that animal and nature documentaries have over viewers, which, when combined with human tendencies toward anthropomorphism, can have significant influence on conservation attitudes and behavior.

Conversion of quinoa and lupin agro-residues into biochar in the Andes: An experimental study in a pilot-scale auger-type reactor.

In the last decades, the cultivation of quinoa and lupin became an important source of income for Andean farmers due to the demand for high nutrient-density foods from the Global North. The increase in the cultivation intensity caused by this exogenous demand led to the overexploitation of local ecosystems and a decrease in soil fertility. As an alternative to recover and improve soil quality, this work uses a pilot-scale auger pyrolysis reactor, implemented in the Andes, to assess the conversion of the agro residues generated in the post-harvesting processes of quinoa and lupin into biochar for soil amendment. Following the European Biochar Certificate guidelines, the pyrolyzed quinoa stems can be classified as biochar while the pyrolyzed quinoa husks can be classified as pyrogenic carbonaceous material. Both can be used for soil amendment considering their molar ratios (H/Corg, O/Corg) and carbon content. It was not possible to carbonize lupin stems and seedcases. Despite the altitude (2,632 m.a.s.l), the CO concentration during the carbonization of quinoa stems and husks were 1,024.4 and 559 mg/Nm3, this last, near the European eco-design standard of 500 mg/Nm3. A subsequent SWOT analysis showed the need to explore low-cost and low-complexity pyrolysis reactors that allow the decentralized conversion of agro residues at the farm-scale. The development of local standards to regulate the production and use of biochar is also essential to grant the safety of the processes, the quality of the products, and mobilize funds that allow implementation at relevant scales.

Comportamiento de los electrolitos: Sodio, Cloro y Potasio pre y post ejercicio en equinos atletas de alto rendimiento en salto en Bogotá / Electolitic of sodium,clorum and patassium, pre and post excersive in high performance athletic jumping hor ses at Bogotá

Se determinó y analizó el comportamiento de los electrolitos sodio (Na+), cloro (CL-) y potasio (K+) en equinos atletas de alto rendimiento en salto en Bogotá, con el fin de establecer los valores normales en reposo y la respuesta de los electrolitos al ejercicio. Las muestras fueron tomadas en la Escuela de equitación del Ejército Nacional, Club los Arrayanes y la Escuela de Carabineros de la Policía Nacional (CESPO) en la ciudad de Bogotá. Se utilizaron 40 equinos deportistas de salto alto, hembras y machos, entre los 6 y los 12 años de edad. Se tomaron muestras en cuatro tiempos: T0(Reposo), T1 (inmediatamente despues de los saltos), T2 (entre media y una hora después de los saltos) y T3 (entre la 1 hora y hora y media después de los saltos). Como resultado se obtuvo los valores normales en los diferentes tiempos y se estableció la curva de comportamiento de los electrolitos. Los valores obtenidos en mmol/L fueron: para el T0: sodio:140.70+/-2.61, Potasio:3.67+/-0.98, cloro: 101.76+/-1.48; para el T1: sodio: 130.56+/-34.59, potasio: 4.34+/-0.29, cloro: 103.81+/-2.07; para el T2 Sodio: 129.92+/-33.48 potasio: 3.79+/-0.29, cloro: 10.1.21+/-2.22; y, por último, el T3: sodio: 139.07+/-3.96, potasio: 3.90+/-0.37, cloro: 101.07+/-2.28. este trabajo es un gran aporte a la medicina deportiva del país ya que esta información no existía en el país y se puede trabajar ahora la medicina deportiva con fundamentos científicos...

Identification of Aedes albopictus in urban Nicaragua.

Larvae of Aedes albopictus, a mosquito known for transmitting dengue virus, were identified in the city of León, Nicaragua, in 2003. Mosquito larvae were collected from a total of 2,225 residences in the 2 largest cities in Nicaragua during the period from June to September of 2003, and larval Ae. albopictus were identified in 4 homes in León. This represents the 1st detection of Ae. albopictus in a major Nicaraguan urban center, and increased control efforts appear to have eliminated the mosquito subsequently from León. The presence of Ae. albopictus in urban Nicaragua highlights the need for surveillance of areas thought to be free of the mosquito so that early detection and control activities can prevent its spread.