[Structural features of the vitreous body in asteroid hyalosis]. / Osobennosti struktury steklovidnogo tela pri asteroidnom gialoze.

PURPOSE: To analyze intravital structure of the vitreous body in asteroid hyalosis using digital ultrasound imaging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 64 patients (128 eyes) aged 62 to 73 years with opacities in the vitreous body characterized as asteroid hyalosis. RESULTS: The macrostructure of the vitreous body was evaluated based on the results of digital ultrasound imaging. The analysis covered various types of ultrasound images of the inner projection of the eye and the vitreous cavity. The study demonstrates the possibility of in vivo evaluation of the integrity of vitreous tracts, and the vitreous body as a whole. CONCLUSION: Ocular ultrasound images of patients with asteroid hyalosis acquired in vivo were used to evaluate the macrostructure of the vitreous body and determine the features of spatial defects.

[Asteroid hyalosis]. / Asteroidnyi gialoz.

The article analyzes existing information on clinical and experimental studies of vitreous changes in asteroid hyalosis, historical aspects of how this condition was studied over the past hundred years, its occurrence and pathogenesis. Results of various studies were used to evaluate current understanding of the forms and elemental composition of phospholipid mineral sedimentation on vitreous structures and methods of its examination. The problem of intravital assessment of the condition of vitreous body was analyzed, and a method was suggested for studying the macrostructure of hyaloid tracts and the state of the vitreous body by means of digital ultrasound in patients with asteroid hyalosis.

[Clinical and morphological changes in the eye in Fabry's disease (a clinical case study)]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskie aspekty izmeneniia glaza pri bolezni Fabri (klinicheskii sluchai).

The article presents a clinical case of Fabry's disease accompanied by changes in the eye and gives detailed description of standard ophthalmological examination and results of some modern methods of assessing macro- and micro-structure of certain ocular tissues. Fabry's disease (also known as Anderson-Fabry disease, diffuse angiokeratoma of the body, hereditary dystonic lipidosis) is a progressive hereditary multi-systemic disease; more specifically, it is a progressive congenital defect in the metabolism of tissues of the human body. It is included in the list of orphan diseases. One of its local manifestations is development of dystrophic changes in the structure of the cornea with tendency to progress. Early diagnosis of Fabry's disease is crucial, but its extensive and 'mixed' symptoms often mask the true causes of pathological changes, which leads to late diagnosis.

[Three-dimensional acoustic analysis in diagnostics of structural and morphological changes of the eye in certain congenital pathologies]. / Mul'tiplanarnyi akusticheskii analiz v diagnostike strukturno-morfologicheskikh izmenenii glaza pri nekotorykh vidakh vrozhdennoi patologii.

Changes in ocular anatomy and topography that occur due to congenital development anomalies are often of complex, composite nature. Such pathologies are accompanied by not only refractive errors, but also changes in eye's macrostructure. Careful analysis of the changes is necessary to better understand the clinical picture. PURPOSE: To study the specifics of structural and morphological changes of the eye in certain ocular congenital pathologies and in some orphan diseases using the results of three-dimensional ultrasound analysis and digital acoustic imaging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients (119 eyes) with congenital ocular changes, some of which are registered as independent orphan diseases, as well as with systemic manifestations including congenital changes in eye membranes, lens and the vitreous body. The examination involved three-dimensional scanning followed by digital processing of the imaging data obtained using general medical ultrasound systems Voluson 730 Pro Kretz and Voluson E8. RESULTS: Digital ultrasound technologies significantly expand the scope of data on eye morphology in various congenital changes obtainable in vivo. CONCLUSION: The advantage of this investigation method is the possibility to reliably detect congenital spatially complex morphological deformations in the eye tissues, which in some cases are impossible to observe with other methods.

[Morphological features of clinical manifestations of particular congenital lens and vitreous anomalies]. / Morfologicheskie osobennosti klinicheskikh proiavleniĭ nekotorykh vidov vrozhdennykh anomaliĭ khrustalika i steklovidnogo tela.

The review covers general clinical features of particular congenital anomalies of the human eye associated with its abnormal embryonic development. Principal literature sources on evaluation of congenital changes in the vitreous body and identification of its 'underdevelopment' in certain types of congenital cataracts have been studied. The said changes were analyzed with account to general pathology of the human body as well as local morphological manifestations. Covered is the time period from the end of the XIX century to the present. According to the authors, their analysis helps justify the use of digital three-dimensional ultrasound examination for intravital evaluation of congenital changes in the lens and vitreous.

[Embryological aspects of clinical presentations of congenital lens and vitreous anomalies]. / Émbriologicheskie aspekty klinicheskikh proiavlenii vrozhdennykh izmenenii khrustalika i steklovidnogo tela.

This report gives a general overview of embryological features of the human eye. Key literature sources published during the last century on evaluation of congenital changes in the vitreous body and identification of signs of its 'underdevelopment' in certain types of congenital cataracts have been studied. The said changes were analyzed in terms of general pathology of the human body as well as local morphological manifestations. According to the authors, such an approach justifies the need for comparison of clinical manifestations of congenital lens and vitreous changes with possible embryonic defects.

[Structural and functional characteristics of vitrectomized eyes]. / Strukturno-funktsional'nye osobennosti avitreal'nogo glaza.

The article describes the potential effects of vitrectomy on clinical refraction, refraction of the cornea and its biomechanical parameters, the state of the lens, intraocular pressure, and biometric parameters of the anterior eye segment.