Systemic lupus erythematosus myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination.

INTRODUCTION: Cases of acute myocarditis have been after administration of the BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. OBJECTIVE: Describe another possible mechanism of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the clinical case of a 72-year-old female with pleuritic chest pain one week after the third of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Serological tests for cardiotropic pathogens were negative, and autoimmunity screening was positive with anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in 1:160 dilution, Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and anti-histone antibodies. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed a focal myocardial and pericardial inflammatory process in the cardiac apex. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis was made with myocardial affection. As far as we know, this is the first report of a case of lupus myocarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSION: Given the pathogenic rationales, the association between SLE and myocarditis should be considered.

Systemic lupus erythematosus myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination / Miocarditis por lupus eritematoso sistémico después de la vacunación contra el COVID-19

Introduction: Cases of acute myocarditis have been after administration of the BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. Objective: Describe another possible mechanism of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. Case presentation: We describe the clinical case of a 72-year-old female with pleuritic chest pain one week after the third of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Serological tests for cardiotropic pathogens were negative, and autoimmunity screening was positive with anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in 1:160 dilution, Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and anti-histone antibodies. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed a focal myocardial and pericardial inflammatory process in the cardiac apex. Results and discussion: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis was made with myocardial affection. As far as we know, this is the first report of a case of lupus myocarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Given the pathogenic rationales, the association between SLE and myocarditis should be considered.(AU)

Introducción: Se han presentado casos de miocarditis aguda tras la administración de las vacunas BNT162b2 y Ad26.COV2.S. Objetivo: Describir otro posible mecanismo de miocarditis posterior a la vacunación contra el COVID-19. Presentación del caso: Describimos el caso clínico de una mujer de 72 años con dolor torácico pleurítico una semana después de la tercera vacuna de ARNm BNT162b2. Las pruebas serológicas para patógenos cardiotrópos fueron negativas y el cribado de autoinmunidad fue positivo con anticuerpos antinucleares (ANA) en dilución 1:160, anticuerpos anti-ADN de doble cadena (anti-dsADN) y antihistonas. La tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada (PET/TC) con 18F-fluorodesoxiglucosa (FDG) mostró un proceso inflamatorio miocárdico y pericárdico focal en el ápex cardíaco. Resultados y discusión: Se realizó el diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) con afectación miocárdica. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer reporte de un caso de miocarditis lúpica después de la vacuna contra el COVID-19. Conclusión: Dadas las justificaciones patogénicas, se debe considerar la asociación entre lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) y miocarditis.(AU)

Systemic lupus erythematosus myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination.

Introduction: Cases of acute myocarditis have been after administration of the BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. Objective: Describe another possible mechanism of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. Case presentation: We describe the clinical case of a 72-year-old female with pleuritic chest pain one week after the third of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Serological tests for cardiotropic pathogens were negative, and autoimmunity screening was positive with anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in 1:160 dilution, Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and anti-histone antibodies. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed a focal myocardial and pericardial inflammatory process in the cardiac apex. Results and discussion: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis was made with myocardial affection. As far as we know, this is the first report of a case of lupus myocarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Given the pathogenic rationales, the association between SLE and myocarditis should be considered.

Introducción: Se han presentado casos de miocarditis aguda tras la administración de las vacunas BNT162b2 y Ad26.COV2.S. Objetivo: Describir otro posible mecanismo de miocarditis posterior a la vacunación contra el COVID-19. Presentación del caso: Describimos el caso clínico de una mujer de 72 años con dolor torácico pleurítico una semana después de la tercera vacuna de ARNm BNT162b2. Las pruebas serológicas para patógenos cardiotrópos fueron negativas y el cribado de autoinmunidad fue positivo con anticuerpos antinucleares (ANA) en dilución 1:160, anticuerpos anti-ADN de doble cadena (anti-dsADN) y antihistonas. La tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada (PET/TC) con 18F-fluorodesoxiglucosa (FDG) mostró un proceso inflamatorio miocárdico y pericárdico focal en el ápex cardíaco. Resultados y discusión: Se realizó el diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) con afectación miocárdica. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer reporte de un caso de miocarditis lúpica después de la vacuna contra el COVID-19. Conclusión: Dadas las justificaciones patogénicas, se debe considerar la asociación entre lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) y miocarditis.

Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Combination with Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in A Single Procedure. Rationale and Technique.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, and is associated with a fivefold increase in the risk of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism. Left atrial appendage (LAA) is the source of thrombi in up to 90% of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Although thromboembolic prophylaxis by means of oral anticoagulants (OAC) has been shown to be very effective (OAC), they also confer an inevitably risk of serious bleeding. Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for symptomatic AF but its role in stroke prevention remains unproved. Recently, LAA percutaneous occlusion has been demonstrated to be equivalent to OACs in reducing thromboembolic events. The aim of this review is to describe the rationale, feasibility, outcomes and technique of a combined procedure of AFCA and percutaneous LAAO, two percutaneous interventions that share some procedural issues and technical requirements, in patients with symptomatic drug-refractory AF, high risk of stroke, and contraindications to OACs.

Combined catheter ablation and left atrial appendage closure as a hybrid procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

AIMS: Left atrial appendage (LAA) is the source of thrombi in up to 90% of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for symptomatic AF and, in selected cases, LAA occlusion devices have been introduced as an alternative to oral anticoagulants (OACs). The safety and feasibility of combining CA and percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC) are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with symptomatic drug-refractory AF, CHADS2 score of ≥1, and CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 were included. Catheter ablation consisted in pulmonary vein isolation with or without roof line with radiofrequency and LAA was occluded with the Watchman or Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) devices guided by angiography and transoesophageal echocardiography. A total of 35 patients were included (71% male; 70 years). Median score was 3 on both CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED, 9% had prior stroke under OAC, and 48% had bleeding complications. Successful CA and device implantation were achieved in 97% of cases. The Watchman device was used in 29 patients and ACP in 6 patients. Periprocedural complications included three cases of cardiac tamponade. At 3 months, all patients met the criteria for successful sealing of the LAA. After a mean follow-up of 13 months (3-75), 78% of patients were free of arrhythmia recurrences and OAC was withheld in 97% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of CA and percutaneous LAAC in a single procedure is technically feasible in patients with symptomatic drug-refractory AF, high risk of stroke, and contraindications to OACs, although it is associated with a significant risk of major complications.