RESUMO
Abstract Objective: The aim of this research was to examine the association between body mass index, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and health-related quality of life in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Method: The study involved 456 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years. They completed questionnaires on the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED), physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children [PAQ-C]), and quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27). Body mass index was calculated. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine whether health-related quality of life could be predicted by the measured variables. The variables were analyzed in a stepwise manner, with Mediterranean diet entered in the first step, body mass index in the second, and physical activity in the third. Results: Mediterranean diet accounted for 4.6% of the variance in adolescent's health-related quality of life, with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet predicting higher health-related quality of life-scores. Body mass index accounted for a further 4.1% of the variance, with a higher body mass index predicting lower health-related quality of life scores. Finally, physical activity explained an additional 11.3% of the variance, with a higher level of physical activity being associated with higher health-related quality of life scores. Together, these variables explained 20% of the variance in the adolescents' health-related quality of life. Conclusions: Physical activity, body mass index, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are important components to consider when targeting improvements in the health-related quality of life of adolescents, with physical activity representing the component with the greatest influence.
Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi examinar a associação entre o índice de massa corporal, a atividade física, a adesão à dieta mediterrânea e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em uma mostra de adolescentes espanhóis. Método: O estudo envolveu 456 adolescentes entre 11 e 14 anos. Eles preencheram questionários sobre a dieta mediterrânea (Kidmed), atividade física (Questionário de Atividade Física para Crianças mais velhas, PAQ-C) e qualidade de vida (Kidscreen-27). Foi calculado o índice de massa corporal. Análises de regressão linear hierárquica foram usadas para determinar se a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde pode ser prevista pelas variáveis medidas. As variáveis foram introduzidas de forma gradual com a dieta mediterrânea na primeira etapa, índice de massa corporal na segunda etapa e atividade física na terceira. Resultados: A dieta mediterrânea representou 4,6% da variância na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos adolescentes e uma maior adesão à dieta mediterrânea foi preditiva de maiores escores de qualidade de vida relacionados à saúde. O índice de massa corporal representou um adicional de 4,1% de variância e um maior índice de massa corporal foi preditivo de menores escores de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Por fim, a atividade física representou um adicional de 11,3% da variância e um maior nível de atividade física foi associado a maiores escores de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Juntas, essas variáveis representam 20% da variância na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos adolescentes. Conclusões: A atividade física, o índice de massa corporal e a adesão à dieta mediterrânea são importantes componentes para considerar ao visar melhorias na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos adolescentes, a atividade física é o componente com maior influência.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida , Exercício Físico , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Dieta Mediterrânea/estatística & dados numéricos , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Dieta Mediterrânea/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to examine the association between body mass index, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and health-related quality of life in a sample of Spanish adolescents. METHOD: The study involved 456 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years. They completed questionnaires on the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED), physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children [PAQ-C]), and quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27). Body mass index was calculated. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine whether health-related quality of life could be predicted by the measured variables. The variables were analyzed in a stepwise manner, with Mediterranean diet entered in the first step, body mass index in the second, and physical activity in the third. RESULTS: Mediterranean diet accounted for 4.6% of the variance in adolescent's health-related quality of life, with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet predicting higher health-related quality of life-scores. Body mass index accounted for a further 4.1% of the variance, with a higher body mass index predicting lower health-related quality of life scores. Finally, physical activity explained an additional 11.3% of the variance, with a higher level of physical activity being associated with higher health-related quality of life scores. Together, these variables explained 20% of the variance in the adolescents' health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity, body mass index, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are important components to consider when targeting improvements in the health-related quality of life of adolescents, with physical activity representing the component with the greatest influence.