RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The application of cytology in leprosy has been restricted to the evaluation of morphologic and bacterial indices by slit skin smears to facilitate diagnosis of cases according to the Ridley-Jopling scale. Isolated reports have now documented the use of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of leprosy. CASE: A 45-year-old male presented with the abrupt onset of multiple nodular eruptions all over the body. The clinical diagnosis was Sweet's syndrome. FNAC showed numerous neutrophils in a background of foamy macrophages. Special stains revealed the presence of a large number of fragmented acid-fast bacilli in the smears. A diagnosis of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) was made on FNAC. CONCLUSION: The presence of neutrophils in a characteristic milieu of foamy macrophages is seen in lesions of ENL. Such a picture should prompt the cytologist to use a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain to demonstrate acid-fast bacilli, as ENL can present as an acute episode in patients without a previous diagnosis of leprosy.
Assuntos
Eritema Nodoso/patologia , Hanseníase Virchowiana/patologia , Biópsia por Agulha , Eritema Nodoso/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hanseníase Virchowiana/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/patologiaRESUMO
Since 1975, many cases of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) associated cardiotoxicity have been described in the literature. A histopathological study of 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity was performed on 50 Swiss albino rats. Multiple interstitial myocardial hemorrhages, multifocal myofibre necroses, inflammatory reaction, vascular changes, valvulitis and pericarditis have been noted especially in the left heart ventricles of rats under study. The mechanism of 5-FU associated cardiotoxicity is controversial. A probable mechanism has been proposed; it explains the endothelial damage leading to extravasation of the drug containing blood into myocardium resulting in myofibre necroses and inflammatory reaction.
Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Fluoruracila/toxicidade , Cardiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Animais , Feminino , Cardiopatias/patologia , Masculino , RatosAssuntos
Antebraço , Doenças Musculares/patologia , Mixoma/patologia , Coxa da Perna , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A histopathological study of cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity has been conducted in 43 Swiss albino rats. Multiple interstitial myocardial haemorrhage, multifocal myofibre necrosis, inflammatory reaction, vascular changes, pericarditis and valvulitis, mainly in the heart ventricles, have been observed. Previous results have suggested that cyclophosphamide directly damages the vascular endothelium, followed by the extravasation of blood containing high levels of the drug, and resulting into a toxic damage of the muscle cells. Our results are in favor of this hypothesis.
Assuntos
Ciclofosfamida/toxicidade , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Cardiomiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Cardiomiopatias/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endotélio Vascular/patologia , Feminino , Masculino , Miocárdio/patologia , RatosAssuntos
Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Cardiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Animais , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Ciclofosfamida/metabolismo , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Cardiopatias/mortalidade , Humanos , Incidência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
A 25-year-old man presented with clinical and radiologic features suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Since the examination of Ziehl-Neelsen-stained sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli was repeatedly negative, a transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. Papanicolaou-stained smears of the aspirate showed microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and a tuberculous exudate but no acid-fast bacilli or classic granulomas. Subsequent sputum samples did show acid-fast bacilli, while a nocturnal peripheral blood sample showed microfilariae.
