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1.
Biomacromolecules ; 25(7): 4139-4155, 2024 Jul 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38924768

RESUMO

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone progenitor cells are advantageous as cell-free and non-immunogenic cargo delivery vehicles. In this study, EVs are isolated from MC3T3-E1 cells before (GM-EVs) and after mineralization for 7 and 14 days (DM-EVs). It was observed that DM-EVs accelerate the process of differentiation in recipient cells more prominently. The small RNA sequencing of EVs revealed that miR-204-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-148a-3p are among the highly upregulated miRNAs that have an inhibitory effect on the function of mRNAs, Sox11, Timp3, and Ccna2 in host cells, which is probably responsible for enhancing the activity of osteoblastic genes. To enhance the bioavailability of EVs, they are encapsulated in a chitosan-collagen composite hydrogel that serves as a bioresorbable extracellular matrix (ECM). The EVs-integrated scaffold (DM-EVs + Scaffold) enhances bone regeneration in critical-sized calvarial bone defects in rats within 8 weeks of implantation by providing the ECM cues. The shelf life of DM-EVs + Scaffold indicates that the bioactivity of EVs and their cargo in the polymer matrix remains intact for up to 30 days. Integrating mineralized cell-derived EVs into an ECM represents a bioresorbable matrix with a cell-free method for promoting new bone formation through the miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Matriz Extracelular , Vesículas Extracelulares , MicroRNAs , Osteoblastos , RNA Mensageiro , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , MicroRNAs/genética , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Vesículas Extracelulares/química , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Ratos , Camundongos , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Diferenciação Celular , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/química , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Masculino
2.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 16116, 2023 09 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37752330

RESUMO

Calvarial craniotomy in animal models involves pain and distress. Moderate to severe pain in laboratory animals requires adequate pain management strategies. According to previous studies, the options available for suitable analgesia for rat calvarial craniotomy are very few. For most analgesic treatments, injectable routes of administration are predominantly used. However, these routes require restraining the animals, which may cause unnecessary pain, distress and suffering. As a well-fare measure, we focused on pain management by oral administration of analgesia. In this particular study, which is a sub-study of a major experiment on bone regeneration with different polymeric scaffold materials, we have compared the analgesic efficacy of intraperitoneal (I/P) and oral administration of tramadol (10 mg/kg) over a period of 96 h post-surgery in rat craniotomy models. The focus of our study is to evaluate the potential pain reduction efficacy of orally administered Tramadol without any restraining involved. We have used various non-invasive methods to assess the pain-alleviating efficacy of tramadol administered through different methods. We found that the efficacy of oral administration of tramadol is comparable to I/P administration in alleviating pain. Additionally, oral administration through drinking water has the benefit of not putting the animal under unwanted restraining stress.


Assuntos
Analgesia , Craniotomia , Dor Pós-Operatória , Tramadol , Animais , Ratos , Analgesia/métodos , Analgesia/veterinária , Craniotomia/efeitos adversos , Craniotomia/veterinária , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Manejo da Dor/veterinária , Tramadol/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/veterinária , Modelos Animais
3.
Macromol Biosci ; 23(11): e2300211, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37384621

RESUMO

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor, fatal for pediatric patients who do not respond to chemotherapy, alternative therapies and drugs can provide better outcomes. Zoledronic acid (Zol) belonging to the class of bisphosphonates (BPs) has a direct antitumor ability to prevent Ras GTPases modification and stimulate apoptosis. Despite advances in maintaining balance in skeletal events and direct anticancer properties, Zol causes cytotoxicity to normal healthy pre-osteoblast cells, hampering mineralization and differentiation. The study reports the preparation and evaluation of a nanoformulation that can diminish the existing drawbacks of native Zol. The cytotoxic effect is evaluated on bone cancer cells and healthy bone cells with three different cell lines namely, K7M2 (mouse OS cell line), SaOS2 (human OS cell line), and MC3T3E1 (healthy cell counterpart). It is observed that Zol nanoformulation is uptaken more (95%) in K7M2 whereas in MC3T3E1, the percent population internalizing nanoparticles (NPs) is 45%. Zol has a sustained release of 15% after 96 h from the NP which leads to a rescuing effect on the normal pre-osteoblast cells. In conclusion, it can be stated that Zol nanoformulation can be used as a good platform for a sustained release system with minimum side effects to normal bone cells.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias Ósseas , Osteossarcoma , Camundongos , Animais , Humanos , Criança , Ácido Zoledrônico/farmacologia , Ácido Zoledrônico/uso terapêutico , Preparações de Ação Retardada/farmacologia , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Proliferação de Células , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Difosfonatos/farmacologia , Difosfonatos/uso terapêutico , Osteossarcoma/metabolismo , Osteoblastos , Neoplasias Ósseas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral
4.
Int J Nanomedicine ; 16: 3509-3540, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34045855

RESUMO

The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.


Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/citologia , Microambiente Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Exossomos/metabolismo , Animais , Exossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos
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