In-laboratory quality control of nutrients for automatic bacteriology analyzer YUNON®Labstar 50.

The quality of culture media for blood culture was checked: nutrient medium for children with an antibiotic neutralizer for the cultivation of aerobes, nutrient medium with an antibiotic neutralizer for the cultivation of anaerobes, a nutrient medium with an antibiotic neutralizer for the cultivation of aerobes, nutrient medium for the cultivation of aerobes UNONA® used in the automatic bacteriological analyzer JUNONA ®Labstar 50 (SCENKER Biological Technology Co., Ltd. China). Used tenfold dilutions from 18-24 hour cultures of reference strains: ATCC 13124 Clostridium perfringens; ATCC 25285 Bacteroides fragilis; NCTC 194I8 Haemophilus influenzae; ATCC 49619 Streptococcus pneumoniae; ATCC 16615 Streptococcus pyogenes; ATCC 27853 Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ATCC 25923 Staphylococcus aureus; ATCC 25922 Escherichia coli; BKPGU-401/-885-653 Candida albicans; ATCC13813 Streptococcus agalactiae; No. 186 Enterobacter cloacae; ATCC 29212 Enterococcus faecalis; clinical isolates: Acinetobacter lwofii, Enterobacter cloacae, Candida tropicalis. All investigated reference strains were isolated on nutrient media in accordance with their biological properties when inoculated with 50 CFU / ml less than 72 hours later, as stated by the manufacturer. The study has shown that growth factors must be used to test the quality of the culture media with Haemophilus influenzae bacteria and this must be reflected in the manufacturer's instructions.

Search for an optimal test algorithm and characteristic of carbapenemases in nosocomial strains.

Resistance of representatives of the order Enterobacterales to ertapenem 12.1%. The highest frequency of insensitivity to this antimicrobial drug was noted among isolates of K. pneumoniae 29.4%. Among all enterobacterial isolates, resistance to imipenem and meropenem was 17.2% and 20%. The proportion of P. aeruginosa strains is 50.9% resistant to meropenem and imipenem, respectively, and 45% to doripenem. In turn, A. baumannii is resistant to meropenem - 66.6%, imipenem - 63.6%, doripenem - 83.3%. The following resistance genes were found in K. pneumoniae: NDM (n=2), KPC (n=10), OXA (n=1); in P. aeruginosa: VIM (n=8), NDM (n=1), OXA (n=1); A. baumannii OXA (n=1). At present, it is optimal to use molecular methods, in particular real-time PCR, to effectively monitor the distribution of carbapenemase producers, which tend to be widely distributed in a hospital setting. Molecular methods allow you to quickly get the result (during the working day) and give an adequate decision on antibiotic therapy.

[Expansion of opportunities in diagnostics of bacteremia and sepsis in children of a multi-profile hospital.]

Primarily in the study of bacteremia, coagulase-negative staphylococci and representatives of the order Enterobacterales were found. To establish the etiological role of coagulase-negative staphylococcus in making a diagnosis of sepsis in each particular case, it is necessary to consider the condition and age of the child, as well as indicators of markers of systemic inflammation. In 1/3 cases of coagulase-negative staphylococcus indicate colonization of the catheter. Staphylococcus aureus in bacteremia and sepsis - 6.5%, Haemophilus influenzae - 0.6%, Esherichia coli - 7.8%, Streptococcus agalactiae - 2%. For the diagnosis of sepsis, it is necessary to conduct repeated (at least two times) blood culture studies using high-quality nutrient media containing all the necessary growth factors, followed by a mandatory determination of the susceptibility of the isolated strains of microorganisms to antimicrobial agents. Bacteremia as a whole in children of a multidisciplinary hospital amounted to 5.8%. In premature babies, bacteremia was detected in 4.4% of cases, of which sepsis was confirmed in 41,2%.

[Application of laser light scattering technique to diagnose catheter-associated infections.]

The results of the bacteriological catheter investigation on the analyzer with the technology of laser light scattering and using D. Maki culture technique coincided in 91.8% of cases. Catheter-associated infections are proven in 8 cases. The following obtained from blood and intravascular catheter in 5 patients: Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=1), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=1), Escherichia coli (n=1), Staphylococcus aureus (n=2); Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=1) was detected in 1 child from ventricular shunt and cerebrospinal fluid and Escherichia coli lactose-negative + Staphylococcus haemolyticus were detected in 1 child from ventricular shunt, whily only Escherichia coli lactose-negative was detected from cerebrospinal fluid; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=1) was foud out in 1 patient from the urinary catheter and urine. Clinical significance of the isolated microorganisms from the catheter must be assessed in each particular case taking into account its quantity and type of the isolated microorganism.

[The serological diagnostic of toxoplasmosis in children and pregnant women using immune chemical technique by test-systems of various manufacturers].

The toxoplasmosis is a disease representing a potential risk for fetus. This is the reason to detect antibodies to agent of the given infection in case of any suspicion to intrauterine infection. The analysis was applied to 65 samples of blood serum of newborns, children of the frst year of life and pregnant women. The IgG antibodies were detected in 21.5% and 26.2% of individuals examined by test-systems Euroimmun AG and Virion-Serion. The IgM antibodies were detected in 9.4% of individuals examined by test systems of both manufacturers. To make verifcation of the results of detection of antibodies to toxoplasmosis even more reliable avidity of specifc IgG antibodies is to be analyzed.

[The prevalence of different Streptococcus pneumoniaе serotypes in the children presenting with ENT infections or carrying nasopharyngeal pathogens].

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the etiopathological significance of various Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the children presenting with ENT infections and carrying nasopharyngeal pathogens. The incidence of the latter condition was 19.5% in the children free from S. pneumoniae infection in comparison with 20.9% and 30.7% in those having diagnosis of otitis media and rhinosinusitis respectively. Fifty five (88.8%) of the 62 isolated streptococcal strains were grouped into types with the use of multiplex PCR. Twelve serotypes were identified in the patients presenting with rhinosinusitis with the predominance of 6A/6B and 3 (40.5%) compared with seven isolated from the carriers of nasopharyngeal pathogens. In this group, type 3 also prevailed (26.5%) whereas other serotypes occurred less frequently: 23F (13,4%), indivisible totality of 8, 9V, 9A, 1F, 11A, 211B, 11C, 11D, 12F, 15A, and 33F (13.4%), 20 (6.7%), 19A (6.7%), 14 (6.7%), 6A,6B (6.7%). The serotypes of S. pneumoniae isolated from the patients with rhinosinusitis were found to show 55.3% identity with those present in the composition of the conjugated 7-valent pneumococcal vaccines, 63.2% identity with the 10-valent vaccine, 81.6% identity with the 11p-valnet vaccine, and 84.2% identity with the 13-valent vaccine.