Access to a Library of 1,3-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazenes and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Properties.

BACKGROUND: Due to the rapid development of microbial resistance, finding new molecules became urgent to counteract this problem. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to access 1,2,3-triazene-1,3-disubstituted, a class of molecule with high therapeutic potential. METHODS: Here we describe the access to 17 new triazene including six with an imidazole-1,2,3-triazene moiety and eleven with an alkyl-1,2,3-triazene moiety and their evaluation against five strains: two gram (-): Escherichia coli ATCC 25921 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27253; two gram (+) : Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 38213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; and one fungi: Candida albicans ATCC 24433. RESULTS: All strains were sensitive and the best MIC, 0.28 µM, is observed for 4c against Escherichia coli ATCC 25921. Compound 9, 3-isopropynyltriazene, appears to be the most interesting since it is active on the five evaluated strains with satisfactory MIC 0.32 µM against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 0.64 µM against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: Comparing the structure activity relationship, electron withdrawing groups appear to increase antimicrobial activity.

Etude de la specificite du card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis dans le diagnostic de masse de la trypanosomiase humaine africaine a trypanosoma brucei gambiense au Congo

Ce travail qui a consiste en un depistage de masse de la trypanosomiase humaine africaine dans un village connu comme indemne de cette pathologie; a ete realise dans le cadre plus vaste de la mise en place d'une strategie de la maladie du sommeil mieux adaptee aux differentes conditions epidemiologiques locales. Les resultats ont confirme l'excellente specificite du card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT) ainsi que l'interet de la recherche des discordants CATT sang et CATT serum + dans le depistage de la maladie

[Current recrudescence of human trypanosomiasis in the Sangha focus (basin) in the Congo]. / Recrudescence actuelle de la trypanosomiase humaine dans le foyer de la Sangha (cuvette) au Congo.

In the Congo the Sangha focus of sleeping sickness caused more than 500,000 deaths in the early 20th century. Despite many years of quiescence many new cases have been detected since the early eighties. In 1987 an investigation found 43 infected patients within 5 villages (during the same year, 74 cases were detected from both investigation and passive detection). In December 1989 our further investigation found 96 new documented cases (115 for the whole year). The prevalence is increasing and the proportion of early stage in comparison with later stage is decreasing. The age diagram resembles that of the early 20th century. Despite the fact that the survey in 1989, extracted twice as many patients as in 1987 passive detection detected 99 infected patients in 1990, three times as many cases as in 1988, and places the "Sangha focus" in IId place in the Congo, after the "Bouenza focus". As only river transport is available to have access to that focus, the Congo will be faced with considerable difficulties in the future.

[Study of a new focus of urinary schistosomiasis in the Pool region (People's Republic of Congo)]. / Etude d'un nouveau foyer de schistosomiase urinaire dans la région du Pool (République populaire du Congo).

Epidemiological study of a new urinary schistosomiasis focus in the Pool region (People's Republic of Congo). Malacological and parasitological studies were carried out in the urinary schistosomiasis focus uncovered to Loulombo (Pool region). We reported data establishing the autochthonous nature of infected patients and pointing out the key role of Bulinus (B) forskalii as the new intermediate host.

[Bulinus (B.) forskalii, a new intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium in the Congo]. / Bulinus (B.) forskalii, nouvel hôte intermédiaire de Schistosoma haematobium au Congo?

Malacological and parasitological studies were carried out in the urinary schistosomiasis focus uncovered to Loulombo (Pool region). We reported data presuming the autochtone nature of infected patients and pointing out the possible role of Bulinus (B.) forskalii as a new intermediate host.

[Epidemiological importance of the animal reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in the Congo. 1. Prevalence of animal trypanosomiasis in the foci of sleeping sickness]. / Importance épidémiologique du réservoir animal à trypanosoma brucei gambiense au Congo. 1. Prévalence des trypanosomoses animales dans les foyers de maladie du sommeil.

Parasitological and serological tests were performed in 1287 domestic animals originating from the Brazzaville area and three sleeping sickness foci in Congo. Nannomonas and Trypanozoon were the only sub-genera present in the blood of animals, with prevalences of 16.9% and 0.5%, respectively. The use of Testryp CATT allowed a better estimation of the real frequency of animal trypanosomiasis which in some foci, was found to be three times higher than the parasitological prevalence. Seven stocks of Trypanozoon were isolated from pigs and sheep. A biochemical analysis indicated that they belonged to the T.b. gambiense sub-species. However, considering the low prevalence of T.b. gambiense infections in animals, it is doubtful that this reservoir plays an important epidemiological role.