Diagnóstico de la calidad ambiental y salud / Diagnosis of environmental quality and health

Dentro de los contaminantes atmosféricos se encuentra el Material Particulado (MP). La quema de combustible en fuentes fijas y actividades extractivas, como ladrilleras, son generadoras de MP. Este compuesto posee la capacidad de afectar la salud ya que aumenta el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y pulmonares. En la presente investigación, con un diseño de triangulación concurrente y vinculación de datos mensurables y no mensurables, se planteó como objetivo general diagnosticar la calidad ambiental y su relación con patologías cardio-respiratorias en la comunidad ladrillera. Y como objetivos específicos planteamos identificar el estado general de salud de la población en estudio y grupo control; mensurar la concentración de MP sedimentable dentro del área en estudio y el área control; y reconocer la frecuencia de enfermedades cardio-respiratorias en ambos grupos. Se realizó la recolección y determinación de MP sedimentable, soluble e insoluble, según norma IRAM 29.299. A los datos obtenidos, se aplicó análisis estadístico no paramétrico. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los/as trabajadores/as y a un grupo control. Las mismas fueron procesadas de manera cuali/cuantitativa. También se ejecutaron anamnesis clínicas de las personas entrevistadas del grupo problema. Respecto a calidad ambiental, se identificó una diferencia significativa entre las concentraciones de MP, soluble e insoluble, entre el grupo problema y control. Existe una línea de tendencia descendiente con concentraciones mayores en colectores cercanos a los hornos hacia una menor en los colectores más alejados. Respecto al estado general de salud, se identificaron parámetros como controles médicos, lugares de atención, ambiente y salud, entre otras. No se registraron frecuencias de enfermedades de tipo cardio-respiratorias dentro del grupo problema ni grupo control. No se registró relación entre MP y la presentación de enfermedades cardio-respiratorias dentro del grupo problema.

[Vaginal Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in patient with previous urinary tract carcinoma. Case Report].

INTRODUCTION: follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDC sarcoma) is an uncommon neoplasm derived from FDC present in lymphoid follicles. It usually presents in lymph nodes, being extranodal location a very unusual event. CASE REPORT: A 78 year old female, with prior left nephrectomy for invasive urothelial carcinoma, consulted for genitorragia. At examination, a polypoid vaginal lesion, measuring 3.5 cm in diameter was discovered. It was reported as squamous cell carcinoma in incisional biopsy. A polipectomy was performed. Examination of resected specimen showed a tumor having pushing edges, arranged in a solid pattern with spindle and epithelioid cells, having a syncytial appearance, diffusely sprinkled with numerous lymphocytes and granulocytes. At immunohistochemistry neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, CD 68, CD 21 and fascine, and focally positive for S-100 and CD45. Occasional scattered neoplastic cells expressed CD30 and CD 23. They were negative for CD3, CD20, myeloperoxidase, AE1 / AE3, EMA, HMB45, Melan A, desmin, Chromogranin, CD1a and CD35. Infiltrating lymphocites were mainly of T cell lineage (CD3 +). DISCUSSION: We report a case of FDC sarcoma in an unusual location, being to our knowledge, the first one at this site. The fact of having a prior neoplasia posed additional difficulties in differential diagnosis. Histological findings with expression of a specific marker of FDC (in this case CD21) allowed us to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Splenic autoimplantation in omentum and stomach, hematoimmunological follow-up and B-cell repertoire in the graft.

INTRODUCTION: Splenic autoimplantation appears to be the only alternative to preserve splenic tissue after splenectomy; however, its relevance is still controversial We intended to study splenic autoimplantation in the greater omentum and stomach wall of rabbits and analyze its hematoimmunological performance and the preservation of original structures. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided in two groups: autoimplanted (A) (n=13) and splenectomized (S) (n=4). The animals of group A underwent autoimplantation of splenic fragments in the greater omentum and gastric wall Both groups were evaluated by hemocytological tests, scintigraphy, immunoglobulin and C3 dosages, before the surgery and 2 and 4 months afterwards. After 4 months, the grafts were removed and histological examination and gen rearrangement of B-lymphocytes receptors by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to assess the cellular diversity of clones. RESULTS: The histological analysis demonstrated the presence of splenic tissue in 10 of the 13 cases (77%) with evident size reduction. The gastric location did not develop complications and demonstrated higher morphological correspondence to the autoimplanted tissue. Both groups showed significant decrease of IgM and increase of C3, without considerable differences between both of them during follow up. From the 8 grafts studied with PCR, 3 cases presented polyclonality and 5 oligoclonality. CONCLUSIONS: The revascularized grafts evidenced splenic regenerating tissue, probably associated to the oligoclonality detected by PCR. Consequently, we consider that autoimplantation is a reasonable alternative for splenectomized patients, even though the stomach placement and the high frequency of oligoclonality justify further investigation.

Pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa asociada a flora polimicrobiana / Xantothogranulomatous pyelonephritis associated with polymicrobian flora

La pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa (PX) es una rara infección crónica y severa del parénquima renal. Debido a que sus manifestaciones simulan una neoplasia, el diagnóstico preoperatorio es dificultoso. Habitualmente se asocia a infección bacteriana monomicrobiana. Nosotros comunicamos el caso de PX asociada a infección polimicrobiana, una de las cuales es un microorganismo anaeróbico