Automated Determination of Morphometric Parameters of the Human Radius Based on the Results of Its Computed Tomography.

A fundamentally new software method for automated measurement of morphometric parameters of computed tomographic image of the human radius has been designed. The parameters obtained by manual morphometry of computed tomograms using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software were compared with the results of the software product developed by us. The relative error in the measurement of morphometric parameters was about 10%. In the future, the presented software method of automated determination of morphometric parameters of the bone will enable modeling of individual prosthesis of the head of the radius based on the results of computed tomograms with consideration of the structural features of the human radius.

Antithrombotic Activity of the Antiplatelet Agent Angipur on the Model of Arterial Thrombosis in Rats with Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction.

We studied the effect of Angipur on the process of experimental thrombosis induced by damage to the carotid artery wall by surface application of 50% ferric chloride (III) solution in rats without comorbidities and with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. In animals without comorbidities, Angipur administered intravenously was 1.2 times less effective, in terms of ED50, than the well-known inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa platelet receptors tirofiban. However, under conditions of non-coronary myocardial infarction, Angipur significantly prolonged the time of thrombus formation and exhibited 1.4-fold higher activity than the reference drug tirofiban.

Synthesis and Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Activity of Thietane-Containing 2-(5-Bromo-2,4-Dihydro-3-Oxo-1,2,4-Triazolyl-4)Acetate Salts.

Sulfone II was synthesized via oxidation of ethyl 2-[5-bromo-2,4-dihydro-3-oxo-2-(thietanyl-3)-1,2,4-triazolyl- 4]acetate (I) by H2O2. Hydrolysis of esters I and II synthesized 2-[5-bromo-2,4-dihydro- 3-oxo-2-(thietanyl-3)-1,2,4-triazolyl-4]- and 2-[5-bromo-2,4-dihydro-3-oxo-2-(1,1-dioxothietanyl-3)-1,2,4- triazolyl-4]acetic acids III and IV, respectively.Water-soluble salts V and VI were prepared by reacting acids III and IV with alkali-metal hydroxides and amines. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed IR and NMR spectroscopic data. The antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity of the synthesized compounds was studied in vitro based on predictions of the PASS computer program. Compounds III and VIb, which showed the absence of predicted toxic risks and were superior to the reference drug in the collagen-induced aggregation test, had the most pronounced antiplatelet activity (comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid) in the ADP-induced aggregation test. The anticoagulant activity of the compounds was significantly inferior to that of heparin sodium. All synthesized compounds satisfied Lipinski's rule-of-5.

[Prognosis of cognitive deficit progression in aged patients with mild cognitive impairment under prolonged therapy (a three year observation)].

The aim of the study was to predict treatment efficacy in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to find the most reliable clinical tests for the prediction of dementia. Patients with amnestic MCI (n=53) were treated with cerebrolysin for three years and underwent regularly neurocognitive and clinical psychiatric tests. The data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics, cluster analysis, and linear discriminate analysis. The combination of statistical methods has enabled to predict the degree of cognitive impairment as well as the development of dementia. A "dementia risk group" with fast cognitive decline (i.e. the low efficacy of the treatment) was identified. The tests are ranked according to their predictive values.

[The spatial organization of oligodendrocytes and pyramidal neurons in the frontal limbic cortex of patients with schizophrenia and healthy people: a computer morphometric study].

To study the spatial organization of oligodendrocytes and pyramidal neurons in the frontal limbic cortex of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, the authors used a method of two-dimensional automated analysis of images. The decrease in the minimal distance between the oligodendrocyte and the nearest neuron by 20% and in the mean and maximal distances between neurons and the nearest oligodendrocytes by 10% and 9%, respectively, was found in the layer III in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, this method allows to characterize the spatial organization of neurons and glia in the brain cortex not only in the normal brain but also in mental pathology.