Oral care training in the basic education of care professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the quantity and quality of oral care training in the basic education of future long-term care (LTC) professionals in Norway. BACKGROUND: The level of oral hygiene has often proved inadequate in LTC facilities. It has been maintained that this could be due to insufficient knowledge of oral care among care professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was sent to all 270 schools in Norway which offered basic education of LTC personnel in 2004/05. Information on theoretical and practical oral care training, scope of oral care in teaching material and curriculum, educational background of the teaching staff and schools opinion regarding adequacy of their training programme was collected. RESULTS: Of the 203 respondents (75% response rate), 188 (participants) included oral care in their educational programme. Approximately two-thirds of the participating schools provided 3 h or more of oral care training and many of the important themes were presented in the textbooks that were recommended. Moreover, the practical exercises performed in practice placement supplemented the knowledge. CONCLUSION: The results could not confirm that LTC professional's basic education concerning oral care was inadequate. There may therefore be other explanations for the poor oral hygiene in many LTC facilities.

Long-term effect of an oral healthcare programme on oral hygiene in a nursing home.

This article reports on the long-term effect of an oral healthcare programme aimed at improving and maintaining the oral hygiene of elderly residents in a nursing home. The method was based on (i) motivation and oral-care training of the nursing staff, (ii) production of picture-based oral-care procedure cards, (iii) distribution of adequate oral-care equipment, (iv) practical implementation of new routines, and (v) assessment of results attained. The level of oral hygiene in the nursing home was assessed using the mucosal-plaque score (MPS) index. Overall evaluation was made before the start of the study, after 3 months, and eventually after 6 yr. Before implementation of the oral healthcare programme, 36% of the residents had an acceptable score. Six years later, the proportion was 70%. The evaluation showed that the introduction of such an oral healthcare programme significantly improved the oral hygiene of the residents on a long-term basis. However, 30% of the residents did not achieve an acceptable score because they were very ill or dying, aggressive or wanted to brush their teeth themselves.

Change in oral health status among the institutionalized Norwegian elderly over a period of 16 years.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the oral health status of elderly residents living in nursing homes, and to determine whether there have been any changes between 1988 and 2004. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The dental, periodontal, prosthetic, and oral mucosal status was recorded for 155 elderly long-term residents in five nursing homes. The results were compared with those of an identical cross-sectional study from 1988, using the same nursing homes, examination procedures, and evaluation criteria. The participation rate was 89.6%. RESULTS: Edentulism was less frequent in 2004 (43%) than in 1988 (71%), and the mean number of teeth among the dentate participants had increased from 10.7 to 14.6. The proportion of subjects with decayed teeth increased from 55% in 1988 to 72% in 2004, and the mean DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) increased from 19.4 to 23.2. The frequency of subjects with periodontal pockets of 4 mm or more increased from 43% to 65% during the 16-year period. More participants had crowns or bridges. Of the denture-wearing subjects, more were affected by stomatitis in 2004 than in 1988; however, a decrease in the degree of severity was evident. CONCLUSIONS: As more people retain their own teeth throughout life and the prevalence of oral diseases increases among the institutionalized elderly, their objective need for dental treatment is even greater than before. This underscores the necessity for developing effective and oral care programs for the elderly.