RESUMO
Nuclear receptors are the regulatory molecules that mediate cellular signals as they interact with specific DNA sequences. NR5A2 is a member of NR5A subfamily having four members (Nr5a1-Nr5a4). NR5A2 shows involvement in diverse biological processes like reverse cholesterol transport, embryonic stem cell pluripotency, steroidogenesis, development and differentiation of embryo, and adult homeostasis. NR5A2 haploinsufficiency has been seen associated with chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancer. There is a close relationship between the progression of pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis, NR5A2 serving a common link. NR5A2 activity is regulated by intracellular phospholipids, transcriptional coregulators and post-translational modifications. The specific ligand of NR5A2 is unknown hence called an orphan receptor, but specific phospholipids such as dilauroyl phosphatidylcholine and diundecanoyl phosphatidylcholine act as a ligand and they are established drug targets in various diseases. This review will focus on the NR5A2 structure, regulation of its activity, and role in biological processes and diseases. In future, need more emphasis on discovering small molecule agonists and antagonist, which act as a drug target for therapeutic applications.
Assuntos
Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/fisiologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Humanos , Ligantes , Receptores Nucleares Órfãos/genética , Receptores Nucleares Órfãos/metabolismo , Receptores Nucleares Órfãos/fisiologia , Fosfatidilcolinas , Fosfolipídeos/metabolismo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/genéticaRESUMO
The current COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has perpetuated a worldwide tussle to control this infection and minimizing death toll and economic damages. The year 2020 would always be remembered as a year of war against a virus, but it would also be marked as a year showing upsurge of technology evolution to deal with infections. Contact tracing has emerged as a new buzzword. Contact tracing digital tools have been introduced worldwide to prevent transmission. In this article, we have outlined various contact tracing apps being used globally, which are rated according to their safety, privacy, and efficacy.
