Telemedicine: a solution to the followup of rural trauma patients?

BACKGROUND: Outpatient followup of rural trauma patients is problematic for physicians and patients. Our hypothesis was that telemedicine-based followup of trauma patients discharged to remote areas is feasible and is associated with high patient and physician satisfaction. STUDY DESIGN: We chose 11 counties in Kentucky surrounding a remote telemedicine site as our region of interest. Any adult trauma patient who was discharged from our Level I trauma center to this geographic region was eligible to have routine followup appointment(s) at the TeleTrauma Clinic. Patients were examined and interviewed with the assistance of a nurse, an electronic stethoscope, and a close-up imaging instrument. Radiographs performed at the telemedicine site were viewed. Patients and physicians completed a survey after the appointment. RESULTS: To date, we have conducted 22 telemedicine-based followup assessments of trauma patients. The average age and Injury Severity Score were 42 years and 18, respectively. Plain radiographs were reviewed in 13 cases. Our patient surveys indicated a high degree of satisfaction with the teleappointment. In 15 of 22 patients, no further clinical followup was arranged. The differences in travel distances and times for an appointment at the TeleTrauma Clinic versus an appointment at our Level I trauma center were significant. The average and median duration of the appointments was 14 minutes. All telemedicine encounters were done by two physicians, who recorded a high level of satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Our early experience with the outpatient followup of remote trauma victims by telemedicine is encouraging. Patient surveys indicate a high degree of satisfaction. As a result of our favorable experience, telemedicine-based followup may be expanded to other regions of Kentucky.

Acute work injuries among electric utility meter readers.

This report provides estimates of incidence rates for acute work injuries for a well defined cohort of electric utility meter readers. Specifically, person-time rates by sex, age, and job experience are evaluated by part of body injured and type of injury. Meter readers experienced 731 acute lost time [11.1 per 100 person-work years; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.3-11.9] and 4,401 acute non-lost time (66.5 per 100 person-work years; 95% CI = 64.6-68.5) work injuries over the study period, 1980-1992. Women had nearly twice the lost time injury rate as men (17.5 vs 9.6 per 100 person-work years). There is an inverse relation between job experience and both lost time and non-lost time injuries. Although these data are limited to the electric utility industry, they may be relevant to occupations with similar tasks and environments, including residential gas and water supply industry meter readers and postal carriers.

Acute work injuries among electric utility linemen.

This analysis presents differences in acute work injury rates among electric utility linemen who perform different work tasks. Incidence-density rate ratios were the primary measure of association and are based on the work injury and person-time data for each job title. Logistic regression was used to model race, age, job experience, total inservice, prior injury, and time from prior injury. Transmission linemen had the lower acute injury rate with 18.9 per 100 person-work-years (95% CI 16-20), distribution linemen had 27.8 per 100 person-work-years (95% CI 27-28), and apprentice linemen had 43.3 per 100 person-work-years (95% CI 41-45). Injuries to the trunk and sprains and strains are the predominant injury categories. Having a prior lost time injury increases the risk for subsequent lost time injury for transmission linemen (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.0-2.7) and for distribution linemen (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3-1.6).