[Diagnostic values of nasal mucosa cytology]. / Wartosc diagnostyczna cytologii blony sluzowej nosa.

A semiquantitative method of the nasal smears evaluation is presented. The cytograms of healthy nasal mucosa and of various rhinitis types and nasal polyps are described.

[Mast cells in eosinophilic and neutrophilic nasal polyps. Cytological and histological examinations]. / Mastocyty w polipach eozynofilowych i neutrofilowych nosa. Badania cytologiczne i histologiczne.

In 10 patients with nasal polyps mast cells were counted in smears and in polyp tissues. In smears from neutrophilic polyps (n = 4) no mast cells were found, in eosynophilic polyps (n = 6) mast cells were found on an average of 7.5%. Histological examinations showed that an average number of mast cells in the connective tissue was similar in both types of polyps. In the epithelial layer of neutrophilic polyps the number of mast cells was slightly greater than in eosynophilic polyps. In an atopic patient the number was 12 times greater than in the other cases. No dependence was found between the number of mast cells in smears and in the tissue.

[Receptor activity of T lymphocytes in patients with atopic dermatitis]. / Receptorowa aktywnosc limfocytów T u chorych z atopowym zapaleniem skóry.

The peripheral blood lymphocytes and their activity in ability to form non-immune E rosettes before and after treatment were examined in 48 patients with atopic dermatitis. Decrease number of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in patients was observed. The number of T lymphocytes rosette-forming cells before treatment was also diminished. After three months routine treatment the correct value of lymphocytes receptors activity was found.

[Cytology of nasal polyps]. / Cytologia polipów nosa.

Cytograms were made from polyps and nasal mucosa in 30 patients suffering from chronic rhinitis and polyps. A semiquantitative method described in Otolaryngologia Polska in 1985 year was used. In 6 cytograms taken from polyps, neutrophils were found on an average in 93% of observed cells. In 24 cytograms the predominance of eozynophils was found on an average of 49%. In cytograms with predominance of eozynophils, basophils were found on an average of 13%. These results allowed the etiology to be distinguished and either pharmacological or surgical treatment to be applied, versus hitherto applied surgical treatment. In 6 eozynophilic patients cytograms were made from the mucosa 2 weeks after polypectomy. A considerable decrease or total disappearance of eozynophilic and basophilic cells was found.

[New cytologic norms for nasal mucosa]. / Nowe normy cytologiczne dla sluzówki nosa.

A comparison was made between the nasal smears (cytology) of the healthy nasal mucosa in 1982 and 1992. An increasing number of migration cells, especially eozynophiles and lymphocytes was found. In same cases besophils appeared. Changes concerned also epithelia. There was an increasing number of squamous cells and decreasing number of goblet cells. The described changes show the defensive processes of mucous membrane bordering pathology.

[Eosinophilic non-allergic rhinitis. Clinical and cytological evaluation]. / Eozynofilowy niealergiczny niezyt nosa. Ocena kliniczna i cytologiczna.

In 29 patients with nasal obstruction, sneezing and water-like nasal discharge the allergic tests were negative. However, the cytologic examinations of their nasal discharge founded 20% of eosinophil The IgE serum level was normal in 21 patients and in 8 was distinctly elevated. In 21 patients the non-allergic rhinitis was diagnosed and in remaining 8 the suspicion of allergy without proved agent.

[Evaluation of the status of nasal mucosa in workers engaged in the production of chlorfenvinphos (enolophos)]. / Ocena stanu blony sluzowej nosa u pracowników zatrudnionych przy produkcji chlorfenwinfosu (enolofosu).

In 41 men aged from 23 to 59 years (on an average--37.5 years) and employment duration from 1-10 years (on an average--4.9 years) working in the division of chlorfenvinphos synthesis and manufacturing "enolophos"--a preparation for agriculture, laryngological examinations were carried out including cytologic assessment of nasal mucosa and olfactometric tests. Rhinoscopy as well as cytological examinations confirmed the higher prevalence of nasal mucosa changes of inflammatory or allergic character as compared to the control group. The association between duration of employment and the changes perceived was found. Simultaneously olfactometric tests revealed in this group of workers frequent lowering of odours sensation and identification threshold.

[Cytology of nasal mucous membrane in pollen allergy]. / Cytologia blony sluzowej nosa w pylkowicy.

In 33 patients with pollen allergy the cytograms were made by means of half-quantity method during the acute phase and remission. In comparison with healthy mucous membrane there were a large number of migration cells with eosinophils of 46%. In some cases there were also basophils. In superficial layer prevailed the cuboid cells (mean X = 43%) and the lower number of parabasal cells. During the remission as the deviation from the norm there were only the large number of migration cells with eosinophils.

[Value of histocytological examinations of the nasal mucosa in pollinosis]. / Valeur des examens histocytologiques de la muqueuse nasale dans la pollinose.

Cytogramme analyses have been made on the nasal mucosae of 100 patients affected with pollinosis. Ten of the cases had a histocytological examination during the season and also during winter. In the period of symptom upsurge neutrophil cytogrammes were seen in 31% of patients, 30% had eosinophils and the remainder had eosinophils and neutrophils. Basophils were seen in the cytogrammes from 38 patients (mean 4 to 15%). In those patients where the cytogrammes were eosinophils and neutrophils and the titre of basophils was below 15%, Lomusol, Beconase and hyposensitisation were found to be effective, in contrast to those in whom the cytogrammes had more than 70% of eosinophils or more than 15% basophils.

Specific immunotherapy in hay fever.

The observation included 120 patients suffering from hay fever (HF) in age 18-58. In 77 of them specific immunotherapy (SI) with pollen vaccine was applicated through 3 consecutive years, while 43 patients remained without this form of therapy, as a control group. SI was efficient in 47% of treated patients, and in these cases IgE value came back to normal value, the IgG level increased and suppression of skin test to pollen allergens was observed. In 17% of treated patients side effects appeared during SI and together with exacerbation of HF, an increase of skin reaction to pollen allergens was noted.