[Artificial nutrition in oncologic surgery: our experience]. / Nutrizione artificiale in chirurgia oncologica nostra esperienza.

The authors present their experience about the use of artificial nutrition (AN) in oncologic surgical patients. They conclude that AN, in particular enteral nutrition, should be initiated early in the post-operative period, whenever possible, to achieve better results.

[Gallstone ileus]. / L'ileo biliare.

Gallstone ileus is a rare condition whose diagnosis may be difficult. From January 1976 to December 1991 4 cases of gallstone ileus were treated in our hospital, representing 1% of all patients admitted with mechanical bowel obstruction during that period. Three patients were treated by enterolithotomy alone to remove the impacted stone. In one patient intestinal resection of the bowel tract was associated followed by end to end anastomosis. One patient died (33%) seven days after surgery for cardiopulmonary failure. In one patient the obstruction resolved with the passage of a stone per rectum. The Authors conclude that enterolithotomy alone should be the standard procedure for gallstone ileus. The repair of cholecyst-enteric fistula should be done later only if there are continuing or recurrent symptoms.

[2 cases of biliary ileus]. / Su due casi di ileo biliare.

Successful enterotomy and the removal of large calculi blocked in the small intestine in two cases of biliary ileus are reported. The aetiopathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of this form are also described. In the first case, the calculus was discovered about 1 metre from the Treitz fascia, in the second, about 1 1/2 metres from the ileocaecal valve.

[Arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Experience in 366 cases]. / Fistole artero-venose per emodialisi. Esperienza su 366 casi.

The surgical techniques adopted in performing 366 a-v fistulas for hemodialysis in 346 patients over ten years' experience are presented. A survey of the results obtained is then made as well as the evaluation of the same, based upon functional and clinical parameters. The technical details sometimes adopted, the occlusions and the principles drawn out for personal experience in this field are described.

[The lead and cadmium content of dental calculus in various occupational groups]. / Untersuchungen über den Blei- und Cadmiumgehalt im Zahnstein bei verschiedenen Berufsgruppen

Atom absorption spectrum analysis was used for determining the lead and cadmium contents in calculus. Because of the small amounts present it was not possible to distinguish between sub- and supragingival calculus. Differences in environment and working place result in significant differences in the absorption of lead and cadmium. The lead values were especially high in workers of the chemical and automobile industries, while the cadmium values were high with traffic policemen and workers of the chemical industries.