¿Cómo usan el teléfono móvil los niños de Castilla y León? / How do children in Castilla y León use their mobile phones?

Introducción: los teléfonos móviles suponen una gran herramienta de comunicación entre iguales, pero un uso inapropiado puede repercutir en las relaciones familiares, sociales y en el rendimiento escolar. Objetivos: el objetivo principal del trabajo fue estudiar el uso del teléfono móvil en la población pediátrica de varias áreas de salud de Castilla y León. Material y métodos: estudio multicéntrico prospectivo en varios centros de salud y un hospital comarcal. Se pasó una encuesta a padres de niños que acudían a consulta y a los adolescentes que lo desearon, quienes también respondieron a un test de dependencia (TDM). Resultados: el móvil es el dispositivo electrónico que más usaban los niños para navegar por Internet. La media de edad en la que tuvieron el primer móvil propio fue de 10,35 años; la mayoría, con acceso a Internet. El 68% de ellos accedía sin ningún control parental. El 70% de padres establecieron unas normas al proporcionárselo. Un tercio reconocían que estas no se cumplían. El número de horas diarias de uso aumentaba según la edad de los niños. De los adolescentes, más del 50% lo usaba más de dos horas al día. Los más pequeños lo utilizaban para ver vídeos y los mayores para chatear y redes sociales. El uso del móvil se relacionaba con el uso de gafas, pero no con el rendimiento académico, problemas de sueño ni práctica de deporte. En el TDM se observaron muchas respuestas positivas en los ítems de los cuatro apartados en los que se divide el test, especialmente en el de falta de control. Conclusiones: la media de edad de adquisición del primer teléfono móvil propio es menor de la recomendada. Su abuso puede generar conductas con rasgos de adicción (AU)

Introduction: mobile phones are a great communication tool between equals, but inappropriate use can affect family and social relationships and school performance.Objectives: the main objective of this work was to study the use of mobile phones in the pediatric population of several health areas in Castilla y León.Material and methods: prospective multicenter study in several health centers and a regional hospital.A survey was passed to parents of children who attended the consultation, and to adolescents who wished to, who also responded to a dependency test (TDM).Results: the mobile is the electronic device that children used the most to surf the Internet. The average age at which they had their first mobile phone was 10.35 years, most of them with Internet access.68% of them accessed without any parental control. 70% of parents established rules of operating. A third recognized that these rules were not fulfilled.The number of hours per day of use increased with the age of the children. More than 50% of the adolescents used it for more than two hours a day. The little ones used it to watch videos and the older ones to chat and social networks.The use of the mobile phone was related to the use of glasses, but not with academic performance, sleep problems or sports practice.In the TDM many positive responses were observed in the items of the four sections into which the test is divided, especially in the lack of control.Conclusions: the average age for acquiring their first mobile phone is lower than the recommended age. Its abuse can generate behaviors with traits of addiction. (AU)

Psychogenic cough: a diagnosis of exclusion.

Cough is the most common respiratory symptom and a common reason for consultation in both primary care and emergency departments, as a result of family concerns. We report an 11-year-old girl who complains of constant cough episode for 4 hours without any rest. After sequential treatment with nebulized salbutamol and budesonide, dexamethasone, codeine, and midazolam, the patient showed transient improvement, with cough disappearing altogether, but 10 minutes later, it started over with the same intensity from the beginning. When she got distracted and talked, the access decreased, starting again when the word "cough" or similar terms were mentioned in front of her. She remained asymptomatic for 2 hours, after which her symptoms began similarly to the initial, coinciding with taking 1 tablet of clarithromycin, so it was decided to start a continuous infusion of midazolam, with the cough disappearing completely after 15 minutes of starting the infusion. One hour after starting the infusion, the child fell asleep. At waking, the cough had disappeared. She continued treatment with oral codeine for 3 days, showing no relapse. It is important to include psychogenic cough in the differential diagnosis of persistent or recurrent chronic cough and asthma that is difficult to control and communicate that diagnostic criteria are based on indicative symptoms (cough access only when awake), with normal radiology, spirometry, and bronchoscopy, to avoid misdiagnosis and inadequate pharmacological actions. Successful treatment is based on recognizing the underlying cause and use of different forms of cognitive-behavioral therapies that aim to break the habit.