Bioactive compounds of honey from different regions of Brazil: the effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.

Monofloral and multifloral honey produced in different regions may have different bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities, resulting in changes in the antimicrobial activity of honey. However, many of these compounds degrade due to the extreme digestion conditions, which may inhibit the antimicrobial activity. Given this context, this study aimed to describe the bioactive compounds of honey produced in Brazil and verify if honey samples from different botanical and geographical origins differ in bioactive compounds, and if honey maintains its antimicrobial activity after digestion simulation. Multivariate analysis was used to identify characteristics that differentiated the honey samples according to the botanical and geographical origin criteria. The amount of the bioactive compounds varied significantly: the total phenolic compound content varied from 20.49 to 101.44 mg GAE per 100 g, flavonoids varied from 1.41 to 13.52 mg QE per 100 g, phenolic acids varied from 13.61 to 56.41 mg CAE per 100 g, and carotenoids varied from 0.66 to 4.27 mg ß-carotene per g. Multifloral honey (H22) produced in the dry season of northeastern Brazil presented the highest bioactive compound concentration except for the carotenoid content. HPLC-MS analysis showed the presence of six hydroxybenzoic acids, four hydroxycinnamic acids, eight flavonols, three flavanones, two flavones and two isoflavonoids; Pterodon pubescens monofloral honey (H14) from midwestern Brazil stood out in terms of the carotenoid content. All analyzed honey samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria before digestive process simulation, and bacteria were inhibited during in vitro digestion; this activity decreased during the simulation of the oral phase, remained in the gastric phase, and disappeared in the intestinal phase.

Caracterização físico-química e microbiológica da carne bovina moída comercializada em supermercados de Barra do Garças-MT / Physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of bovine meat commercialized in supermarkets of Barra do Garças-MT

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade físico-química e microbiológica da carne íntegra e moída em supermercados da cidade de Barra do Garças - MT. Observou-se que 60% das amostras de carne íntegra e moída avaliadas estavam impróprias para o consumo conforme a legislação vigente, por apresentar Salmonella sp. Foi possível detectar também contagens elevadas de coliformes a 30°C, coliformes termotolerantes e presença de E. coli em todas as amostras de carne íntegra e moída, indicando que houve práticas higiênicos-sanitárias precárias. Dos cinco parâmetros de qualidade físico-química, apenas o tempo de filtração detectou amostras fora do prescrito na legislação no qual rejeitou-se 40% das amostras carne (íntegra e moída). Portanto, é necessária a adoção de medidas educativas para os manipuladores de alimento, bem como a implantação de boas práticas de higiene nos estabelecimentos como forma de reduzir os riscos de contaminação dos alimentos comercializados.