Perception of HIV among pregnant women in the public health system in two municipalities of the state of São Paulo

Aim: To verify the knowledge of pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, the availability of HIV tests in the public health system and counseling on the disease in two cities, Birigui and Piacatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive and exploratoryresearch using as samples, the files of 141 pregnant women attending the Basic Health Unit. Datawere collected by survey, followed by a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed end questions. Data were analyzed on Epi Info™ 7.1.4, by the Chi-square and Exact Fishertests. Results: From all the 141 pregnant women, 119 were interviewed and 92.4% reportedto have been informed about the need of taking the HIV test during prenatal exams. However,only 5.9% were counseled and 20.2% reported to be aware of how to prevent MTCT of HIV,usually mentioning lactation suppression and prescribed medication. The association between the knowledge about how to prevent MTCT of HIV and some social, demographic and economic variables like ethnics, educational level, home location, occupation, age and parenting was notverified. Conclusions: It is necessary to advise pregnant women on the importance of takingthe HIV test regardless of the examination outcome, which was not observed in the cities where the research was conducted.

Compatibilidade entre alginato e gesso ortodônticos: capacidade de umedecimento sob influência da desinfecção do molde / Compatibility of alginate and orthodontic stone under disinfection

O mercado odontológico tem ofertado materiais de moldagem e modelo para uso ortodôntico garantindo modelos precisos. A compatibilidade entre estes materiais é definida pelo umedecimento das superfícies do molde pela mistura água/gesso sobre ela vazada e sofre influência de método de desinfecção do molde e solução desinfetante utilizada. Avaliou-se a influência da desinfecção por aspersão com hipoclorito de sódio 1% sobre a capacidade de umedecimento de duas marcas comerciais de alginato (Jeltrate® e Orthoprint®) por duas marcas comerciais de gesso pedra tipo III (Gesso Rio® e Orthogesso®). Foram confeccionados 20 moldes de cada tipo de alginato, os quais foram divididos em dois grupos (Água e Hipoclorito de sódio), recebendo respectivamente aspersão com água e hipoclorito de sódio 1%. Cada grupo de moldes foi então novamente dividido em dois subgrupos, sendo que sobre a superfície dos moldes foram vertidos 2 ml de gesso (Gesso Rio® ou Orthogesso®). Atingida a presa final, os modelos foram seccionados vertical e medianamente e montados para leitura do ângulo de contato em microscópio Carl Zeiss (0.001). Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste ANOVA e mostraram significância estatística para as soluções utilizadas. Conclui-se que a desinfecção dos moldes com aspersão de hipoclorito de sódio 1% melhorou a capacidade de umedecimento dos alginatos pelos gessos estudados

The dental trade has offered dental impression and dental stone for orthodontic use ensuring accurate models. The compatibility between these materials is defined by the wetting of the model surfaces by the mixture water/stone poured over it and the influenced by the method of disinfection of model and disinfectant solution used. It was evaluated the influence of spray disinfection with sodium hypochlorite 1% on the wettability of two commercial alginate (Jeltrate® - Dentsply and Orthoprint® - Zhermack) at two commercial type III gypsum (Rio® - ME and AOBussoli Orthogesso Orthogesso®-SA). Twenty models were fabricated for each type of alginate, which were divided into two groups (water and sodium hypochlorite), receiving respectively water and sodium hypochlorite 1% spray. Each group of models was then further divided into two subgroups, and on their surface were poured 2 ml of type III gypsum (Gesso Rio® or Orthogesso®). Reached the final setting of the gypsum specimens were sectioned vertically and medially, settled water with sandpaper No. 400 and mounted on suitable device for reading (in the right and left) of the contact angle Carl Zeiss microscope (precision, 001). The results were submitted to ANOVA and founded statistical significance for solutions used. It was concluded that sodium hypochlorite spray improved wettability of alginates studied