Information and communication technologies-assisted after-hours work: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the relationships with work-family/life management variables.

The phenomenon of information and communication technology (ICT)-assisted after-hours work has led to rising academic interest in examining its impact on workers' lives. ICT-assisted after-hours work may intrude on the home domain and contribute to higher work-family/life conflict, lower work-family/life balance, or higher work-family/life enrichment (the last one owing to the acquisition of competencies transferable to the home domain). Additionally, owing to cultural and societal differences in gender roles, the relationships between ICT-assisted after-hours work and work-family/life management variables may differ between female and male workers. To analyze the current empirical findings, this study performed a literature review with 38 articles and a meta-analysis with 37 articles. Our findings showed that ICT-assisted after-hours work was positively related to work-family/life enrichment (r = 0.335, p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.290, 0.406]), but also to work-family/life conflict (r = 0.335, p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.290, 0.406]). However, neither gender nor pre-/post-COVID significantly affect the relationship between ICT-assisted after-hours work and work-family/life conflict. Finally, future research and implications are discussed.

Wellbeing among hospital nurses: A cross-sectional study of the contributions of relational job characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Nursing work has indisputable relational characteristics, however there is scarce research that examines nurses' work and wellbeing using a relational job design framework. AIM: The aim is to study the relationships between job characteristics and nurses' work-related wellbeing. More specifically, this study focuses on the unique contribution of psychological effects of relational job characteristics to nurses' work engagement and burnout, beyond the effects of other job characteristics commonly studied in association with wellbeing, namely quantitative job demands and control. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional research design, in which 409 Portuguese hospital registered nurses participated. METHOD: Data were collected using an online survey. Statistical procedures included structural equation modelling and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Data suggest that perceived social impact and perceived social worth are related to nurses' work engagement and burnout beyond the effects of quantitative job demands and control. CONCLUSIONS: The study of the relationships between psychological effects of relational job characteristics and work-related outcomes (such as nurse work-related wellbeing) is relevant, as these relational job design variables explain variance in these outcome variables, beyond other job design constructs (specifically job demands and control). IMPLICATIONS: Theoretical implications include the value of studying the impact of psychological effects of relational job characteristics on wellbeing outcomes among nurses. As for practical implications, hospitals may address relational job characteristics in order to increase their nurses' perceptions of their job's impact and the social worth attributed to their work, which is positively related to work engagement and negatively related to burnout.

Metodologias ativas na formação crítica de mestres em enfermagem / Metodologías activas en la formación crítica del magíster en enfermería / Active Methodologies in the Critical Education of Master's Students in Nursing

Introdução: O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a experiência na utilização de metodologias ativas na formação de mestres em enfermagem. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, ancorado na pedagogia crítica de Paulo Freire, que descreve a vivência de mestrandos de um programa de pós-graduação strictu sensu acerca da utilização de metodologias ativas e inovadoras em sala de aula. Foram utilizadas duas estratégias como auxílio no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a saber: dinâmica e paródia musical. Resultados: Com a utilização da dinâmica da margarida e a paródia musical como subsídio para discutir o conteúdo, percebeu-se uma maior atenção por parte do público-alvo, bem como uma maior participação para a construção do conhecimento. Discussão: Baseando-se na execução das atividades, a dinâmica aliada à paródia pôde ser considerada efetiva enquanto processo individual de construção por meio das diferentes formas de interação com o ambiente/conteúdo e instigando a consciência crítica. Ambas despertaram a curiosidade e o interesse dos discentes, motivando-os e facilitando o processo de aprendizagem. Houve o desenvolvimento do senso criativo e o incentivo aos processos afetivos e cognitivos. Conclusões: Conclui-se que a utilização de metodologias ativas em programas de pós-graduação strictu sensu, estimula a participação, a discussão, o entendimento dos conteúdos mais complexos e a aprendizagem, podendo ser empregada, desde que se leve em consideração o conteúdo, o espaço, a metodologia, o público e a disponibilidade dos recursos necessários para implementar o que foi planejado.

Introduction: This study is aimed at sharing experiences in the use of active methodologies in the education of master's students in nursing . Materials and Methods: A descriptive narrative study was conducted based on Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy, describing the experience that master's students of a stricto sensu postgraduate course had in the use of active and innovative methodologies in the classroom. Two strategies were used to assist the teaching-learning process, namely: dynamics and musical parody. Results: When using the flower dynamics and musical parody as a basis for discussing contents, greater attention was perceived from the target audience as well as greater participation in the construction of knowledge. Discussion: Based on the implementation of activities, dynamics and parodies may be considered effective as it is an individual process of construction that uses different forms of interaction with the environment/content as well as that promotes critical awareness. Both activities aroused students' curiosity and interest, which encouraged them and facilitated their learning process. Affective and cognitive processes were fostered, in addition to creative sense-making. Conclusions: It was concluded that the use of active methodologies in strictu sensu postgraduate courses promotes participation, discussion, understanding and learning of more complex contents, which can be implemented, provided that contents, room, methodology, audience and availability of resources required to implement these plans are taken into account.

Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo es narrar la experiencia en el uso de metodologías activas en la formación del magíster en enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia, anclado en la pedagogía crítica de Paulo Freire, en donde se describe la experiencia de los estudiantes de maestría de un programa de postgrado stricto sensu con el uso de metodologías activas e innovadoras en el aula. Se utilizaron dos estrategias como ayuda en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, concretamente la dinámica y la parodia musical. Resultados: Con el uso de la dinámica de las margaritas y la parodia musical como base para discutir el contenido, se percibió una mayor atención del público objetivo, así como una mayor participación en la construcción del conocimiento. Discusión: Con base en la realización de las actividades, la dinámica y la parodia podrían considerarse efectivas al tratarse de un proceso de construcción individual con diferentes formas de interacción con el entorno/contenido al tiempo que promueve la conciencia crítica. Ambas despertaron la curiosidad y el interés de los estudiantes, lo que los motivó y facilitó el proceso de aprendizaje. Se promovieron los procesos afectivos y cognitivos, además del sentido creativo. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el uso de metodologías activas en programas de posgrado strictu sensu fomenta la participación, el debate, la comprensión y el aprendizaje de contenidos más complejos, los cuales pueden emplearse, siempre y cuando se tenga en cuenta el contenido, el espacio, la metodología, el público y la disponibilidad de los recursos necesarios para implementar los planes.

Psychological effects of relational job characteristics: validation of the scale for hospital nurses.

AIMS: This study validates the Portuguese version of the psychological effects of the relational job characteristics scale among hospital nurses in Portugal and Brazil. BACKGROUND: Increasing attention has been given to the social dimension of work, following the transition to a service economy. Nevertheless, and despite the unquestionable relational characteristics of nursing work, scarce research has been developed among nurses under a relational job design framework. Moreover, it is important to develop instruments that study the effects of relational job characteristics among nurses. EVALUATION: We followed Messick's framework for scale validation, comprising the steps regarding the response process and internal structure, as well as relationships with other variables (work engagement and burnout). Statistical analysis included exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. KEY ISSUES: The psychological effects of the relational job characteristics scale provided evidence of good psychometric properties with Portuguese and Brazilian hospital nurses. Also, the psychological effects of the relational job characteristics are associated with nurses' work-related well-being: positively with work engagement and negatively concerning burnout. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Hospitals that foster the relational characteristics of nursing work are contributing to their nurses' work-related well-being, which may be reflected in the quality of care and patient safety.

Relational job characteristics and well-being: A study among Portuguese and Brazilian hospital nurses.

Nurse well-being is a crucial factor in the quality of care given to patients and in patient safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the psychological effects of relational job characteristics (PERJCs) and indicators of well-being in hospital nurses. The data for this correlational study were collected from an online survey responded to by a sample of 620 hospital nurses (335 Portuguese and 285 Brazilian). Statistical procedures included structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. A full mediation model was supported by data analysis, in which work-related well-being (i.e., engagement and burnout) explained the relationships between hospital nurses' perceived social worth and their context-free well-being. Moreover, in the Portuguese sample, the perceived social impact on client lives and the affective commitment to clients were indirectly related to the context-free well-being of nurses, through work engagement. Practical implications are presented in order to foster the PERJCs, thus contributing to nurse well-being.

Relational job characteristics and nurses' affective organizational commitment: the mediating role of work engagement.

AIM: To study work engagement as a mediator of the associations between relational job characteristics and nurses' affective commitment to the hospital. BACKGROUND: Earlier research has shown that work engagement mediates the relationship between job resources and affective organizational commitment. However, relational job characteristics, which may be job resources, have not been studied or examined in relation to work engagement and affective organizational commitment in the nursing profession. DESIGN: This study uses a correlational survey design and an online survey for data collection. METHOD: Data for this correlational study were collected by survey over months (2013) from a sample of 335 hospital nurses. Measures included Portuguese translations of the Relational Job Characteristics' Psychological Effects Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Affective Organizational Commitment Scale. RESULTS: Data analysis supports a full mediation model where relational job characteristics explained affective commitment to the hospital through nurses' work engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Relational job characteristics contribute to nurses' work engagement, which in turn contributes to affective organizational commitment.

Quercetin and quercetin 3-O-glycosides from Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud. show anti-Mayaro virus activity.

BACKGROUND: The arthropod-borne Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes 'Mayaro fever', a disease of medical significance, primarily affecting individuals in permanent contact with forested areas in tropical South America. Recently, MAYV has attracted attention due to its likely urbanization. Currently, there are no licensed drugs against most mosquito-transmitted viruses. Here, we investigated the in vitro anti-MAYV activity of the flavonoids quercetin and its derivatives from the Brazilian shrub Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud. METHODS: Flavonoids were purified by chromatographic fractionation from leaf extracts of B. longifolia and chemically identified as quercetin and quercetin glycosides using spectroscopic techniques. Cytotoxicity of purified flavonoids and of EtOAc- and n-BuOH-containing flavonoid mixtures was measured by the dye-uptake assay while their antiviral activity was evaluated by a virus yield inhibition assay. RESULTS: The following flavonoids were purified from B. longifolia leaves: non-glycosylated quercetin and its glycosides guaijaverin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, and hyperin. EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions containing these flavonoids demonstrated the highest antiviral activity of all tested substances, while quercetin had the highest antiviral activity amongst purified flavonoids. Quercetin, EtOAc, or n-BuOH fractions inhibited MAYV production by more than 90% at 25 µg/mL, displaying a stronger antiviral effect than the licensed antiviral ribavirin. A mixture of the isomers isoquercitrin and hyperin had a modest antiviral effect (IC90 = 104.9), while guaijaverin and quercitrin did not show significant antiviral activity. CONCLUSIONS: B. longifolia is a good source of flavonoids with anti-Mayaro virus activity. This is the first report of the activity of quercetin and its derivatives against an alphavirus.

Composição química e valores energéticos de fontes protéicas em codornas de corte em diferentes idades / Chemical composition and energetic values of proteic sources in meat quails at different ages

Avaliou-se a composição química de quatro alimentos protéicos, bem como o efeito da idade de codornas para corte sobre os valores de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn). Os alimentos testados foram farinha de vísceras de aves, farinha de penas, farinha de penas e vísceras e farelo de soja, os quais substituíram 30 por cento da dieta referência. Foi utilizado o método de colheita total de excretas, com 250 codornas, machos, em dois diferentes períodos de crescimento (20 a 25 e 35 a 40 dias de idade). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 (4 alimentos x 2 períodos) com cinco repetições por tratamento, de dez aves cada. Ocorreram variações quanto à composição química dos alimentos protéicos testados neste experimento, em relação aos valores citados na literatura. Os valores encontrados de energia metabolizável aparente e energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio em kcal/kg de alimento foram, respectivamente: farinha de vísceras de aves: 2.609 e 2.329 na primeira idade, e 2.735 e 2.664 na segunda idade; farinha de penas: 2.551 e 2.401 na primeira idade, e 2.744 e 2.641 na segunda idade; farinha de penas e vísceras: 2.352 e 2.155 na primeira idade, e 2.500 e 2.434 na segunda idade; farelo de soja: 2.248 e 2.046 na primeira idade, e 2.294 e 2.249 na segunda idade. Não houve influência da idade sobre os valores de energia metabolizável aparente, entretanto a idade influenciou os valores de energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio dos alimentos analisados.

Four proteic feeds chemical composition were evaluated, as well as the age effect in meat quails on the values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the apparent corrected by the nitrogen balance (AMEn). The feeds tested were poultry by-product meal, feather meal, poultry by-product meal and feather meal and soybean meal, which have substituted 30 percent of the reference diet. It was utilized the total excrement collection, with 250 quails, males, in two different growth stages (20 to 25 and 35 to 40 days old). The experimental delineation utilized was the completely casual, in factorial scheme 4 x 2 (4 feeds x 2 periods) with 5 replicates per treatment, of 10 quails each one. Variation occurred referring to the chemical composition of the proteic feeds tested at this experiment, related to the cited values in the literature. The energy values found of apparent metabolizable energy and the apparent metabolizable energy corrected by the nitrogen balance in kcal/kg of feed were, respectively: poultry by-product meal: 2.609 and 2.329 at the first age, and 2.735 and 2.664 at the second age; feather meal: 2.551 and 2.401 at the first age, and 2.744 and 2.641 at the second age; poultry by-product meal and feather meal: 2.352 and 2.155 at the first age, and 2.500 and 2.434 at the second age; soybean meal: 2.248 and 2.046 at the first age, and 2.294 and 2.249 at the second age. It didnÆt have influence of the age at the apparent metabolizable energy values, otherwise the age influenced the apparent metabolizable energy values corrected by the nitrogen balance of the analyzed feeds.