Pollen diet diversity across bee lineages varies with lifestyle rather than colony size.

The shift to a pollen diet and the evolution of more highly organized societies, i.e., eusocial, were key milestones in bee diversification over their evolutionary history, culminating in a high dependence on feeding broods with a large variety of floral resources. Here, we hypothesized that obligatory eusocial bees have a wider diet diversity than their relatives with solitary lifestyles, and this would be related to colony size. To test both hypotheses, we surveyed diet breadth data (palynological analysis) based on the Shannon-Wiener index (H') for 85 bee taxa. We also obtained colony size for 47 eusocial bee species. These data were examined using phylogenetic comparative methods. The results support the generalist strategy as a derived trait for the bee taxa evaluated here. The dietary diversity of eusocial bees (H': 2.1, on average) was 67.5% higher than that of noneusocial bees (H': 1.21, on average). There was, however, no relationship between diet breadth and colony size, indicating that smaller colonies can harvest a pollen variety as diverse as larger colonies. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the impact of lifestyle on the diversity of collected pollen. Furthermore, this work sheds light on an advantage of living in more highly structured societies irrespective of the size of the colony.

Assessing Negative Welfare Measures for Wild Invertebrates: The Case for Octopuses.

Welfare metrics have been established for octopuses in the laboratory, but not for octopuses living in the wild. Wild octopuses are constantly exposed to potentially harmful situations, and the ability to assess the welfare status of wild octopuses could provide pertinent information about individuals' health and species' resilience to stressors. Here, we used underwater photos and videos to identify injuries and stress-related behaviors in wild Octopus insularis in a variety of contexts, including interacting with fishermen, interacting with other octopuses and fish, proximity to predators, in den, foraging, and in senescence. We adapted established metrics of octopus welfare from the laboratory to these wild octopuses. In addition to observing all of the stress measures, we also identified two previously unknown measures associated with decreased welfare: (1) a half white eye flash and (2) a half-and-half blotch body pattern. More than half of the individuals analyzed had arm loss, and almost half of the individuals had skin injuries. We also observed that irregular chromatophore expression and abnormal motor coordination were associated with interactions with fishermen. This is the first study to apply measures of welfare from the laboratory to wild octopuses. Our results may also aid in the identification of welfare measures for other wild invertebrates.

Harnessing the power of AI language models for taxonomy and systematics: a follow-up to "Can ChatGPT be leveraged for taxonomic investigations? Potential and limitations of a new technology" by Davinack (2023).

N/A.

Estrutura de pensamento social de agentes comunitárias de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher / Female community health agents' structure of social thinking about domestic violence against women

Resumo Este estudo objetivou descrever a estrutura representacional de agentes comunitários de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher. Pesquisa quanti-qualitativa fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais na abordagem estrutural. Participaram 107 agentes comunitárias de saúde vinculadas a 18 Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do interior da Bahia, Brasil, durante os meses de maio a agosto de 2019. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio das técnicas de evocações livres e de centralidade: choix-par-bloc, constituição de pares de palavras e mise-en-cause. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o software EVOC (Ensemble de Programmes Permettant I'analyse des Evocations), análise de similitude e análise do mise-en-cause. A estrutura representacional das profissionais se organiza a partir dos elementos centrais desrespeito e tristeza, que atribuem à representação sentidos negativos relativos a seus posicionamentos e suas repercussões. Conclui-se que a organização do pensamento social das agentes comunitárias sobre o fenômeno apresenta uma dimensão atitudinal e afetiva que fortalece a elaboração de estratégias de enfrentamento a situação de violência contra mulheres, agressores e comunidade.

Abstract This study aimed at describing community health agents' representational structure on domestic violence against women. A quantitative-qualitative research study based on the Theory of Social Representations in its structural approach and carried out in a municipality from inland Bahia, Brazil. The community health agents participated through free evocation and centrality techniques: choix-par-bloc, constitution of word pairs and mise-en-cause, from May to August 2019. Data analysis was carried out by means of the EVOC software (Ensemble of Programs Permettant I'analyse des Evocations), similarity analysis and mise-en-cause analysis. These professionals' representational structure is organized from the central elements of disrespect and sadness, which attribute negative meanings to the representation regarding their positions and repercussions; the other elements integrate specific information to the structure of the representations, justifying them. It is concluded that the understanding regarding organization of the community agents' social thinking about the phenomenon allows its problematization, as well as the elaboration of prevention and coping strategies for women in situations of violence, the aggressors and the community.

Female community health agents' structure of social thinking about domestic violence against women. / Estrutura de pensamento social de agentes comunitárias de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher.

This study aimed at describing community health agents' representational structure on domestic violence against women. A quantitative-qualitative research study based on the Theory of Social Representations in its structural approach and carried out in a municipality from inland Bahia, Brazil. The community health agents participated through free evocation and centrality techniques: choix-par-bloc, constitution of word pairs and mise-en-cause, from May to August 2019. Data analysis was carried out by means of the EVOC software (Ensemble of Programs Permettant I'analyse des Evocations), similarity analysis and mise-en-cause analysis. These professionals' representational structure is organized from the central elements of disrespect and sadness, which attribute negative meanings to the representation regarding their positions and repercussions; the other elements integrate specific information to the structure of the representations, justifying them. It is concluded that the understanding regarding organization of the community agents' social thinking about the phenomenon allows its problematization, as well as the elaboration of prevention and coping strategies for women in situations of violence, the aggressors and the community.

Este estudo objetivou descrever a estrutura representacional de agentes comunitários de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher. Pesquisa quanti-qualitativa fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais na abordagem estrutural. Participaram 107 agentes comunitárias de saúde vinculadas a 18 Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do interior da Bahia, Brasil, durante os meses de maio a agosto de 2019. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio das técnicas de evocações livres e de centralidade: choix-par-bloc, constituição de pares de palavras e mise-en-cause. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o software EVOC (Ensemble de Programmes Permettant I'analyse des Evocations), análise de similitude e análise do mise-en-cause. A estrutura representacional das profissionais se organiza a partir dos elementos centrais desrespeito e tristeza, que atribuem à representação sentidos negativos relativos a seus posicionamentos e suas repercussões. Conclui-se que a organização do pensamento social das agentes comunitárias sobre o fenômeno apresenta uma dimensão atitudinal e afetiva que fortalece a elaboração de estratégias de enfrentamento a situação de violência contra mulheres, agressores e comunidade.

Survivorship and food consumption of immatures and adults of Apis mellifera and Scaptotrigona bipunctata exposed to genetically modified eucalyptus pollen.

Eucalyptus comprises the largest planted area of cultivated production forest in Brazil. Genetic modification (GM) of eucalyptus can provide additional characteristics for increasing productivity and protecting wood yield, as well as potentially altering fiber for a diversity of industrial uses. However, prior to releasing a new GM plant, risk assessments studies with non-target organisms must be undertaken. Bees are prominent biological models since they play an important role in varied ecosystems, including for Eucalyptus pollination. The main goal of this study was to evaluate whether a novel event (Eucalyptus 751K032), which carries the cp4-epsps gene that encodes the protein CP4-EPSPS and nptII gene that encodes the protein NPTII, might adversely affect honey bees (Apis mellifera) and stingless bees (Scaptotrigona bipunctata). The experiments were performed in southern Brazil, as follows: (i) larvae and adults were separately investigated, (ii) three or four different pollen diets were offered to bees, depending on larval or adult status, and (iii) two biological attributes, i.e., survivorship of larvae and adults and food intake by adults were evaluated. The diets were prepared with pollen from GM Eucalyptus 751K032; pollen from conventional Eucalyptus clone FGN-K, multifloral pollen or pure larval food. The insecticide dimethoate was used to evaluate the sensitivity of bees to toxic substances. Datasets were analyzed with Chi-square test, survival curves and repeated measures ANOVA. Results indicated no evidence of adverse effects of Eucalyptus pollen 751K032 on either honey bees or stingless bees assessed here. Therefore, the main findings suggest that the novel event may be considered harmless to these organisms since neither survivorship nor food consumption by bees were affected by it.

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

Estrutura das representações sociais dos profissionais de saúde sobre doenças negligenciadas / Estructura de las representaciones sociales de los profesionales de la salud sobre enfermedades desatenidas / Structure of social representations of health professionals on neglected diseases

Objetivo: Analisar a estrutura das representações sociais dos profissionais de saúde sobre as doenças negligenciadas. Método: Estudo qualitativo sustentado pela Teoria das Representações Sociais em sua abordagem estrutural, desenvolvido em unidades de atenção primária e secundária de um município do interior da Bahia. Na primeira fase da coleta aplicou-se a técnica de evocações livres e analise pela técnica do quadrante de quatro casas, já na segunda, utilizaram-se os testes de constituição de pares pareados e os esquemas cognitivos de base. Resultados: evidenciou-se uma estrutura representacional sobre as doenças negligenciadas constituída por três dimensões: individual; social e imagética, gerenciadas por um núcleo central formado pelos termos descaso e ignorância. Conclusão: A estrutura representacional implicou na construção de práticas colaborativas dos profissionais de saúde, gestores e indivíduos no controle e nas estratégias de enfrentamento as doenças negligenciadas.(AU)

Objective: To analyze the structure of health professionals' social representations of neglected diseases. Method: Qualitative study supported by the Theory of Social Representations in its structural approach, developed in primary and secondary care units in a municipality in the interior of Bahia. In the first phase of the collection, the technique of free evocations was applied and analysis by the technique of the quadrant of four houses, in the second, the tests of constitution of paired pairs and the basic cognitive schemes were used. Results: a representational structure on neglected diseases was evidenced, consisting of three dimensions: individual; social and imagery, managed by a central nucleus formed by the terms negligence and ignorance. Conclusion: The representational structure implied the construction of collaborative practices by health professionals, managers and individuals in the control and coping strategies of neglected diseases.(AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la estructura de las representaciones sociales de los profesionales de la salud sobre las enfermedades desatendidas. Método: Estudio cualitativo sustentado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales en su enfoque estructural, desarrollado en unidades de atención primaria y secundaria de un municipio del interior de Bahia. En la primera fase de la recolección se aplicó la técnica de evocaciones libres y análisis por la técnica del cuadrante de cuatro casas, en la segunda se utilizaron las pruebas de constitución de pares apareados y los esquemas cognitivos básicos. Resultados: se evidenció una estructura representacional sobre las enfermedades desatendidas, compuesta por tres dimensiones: individual; social e imaginario, gestionado por un núcleo central formado por los términos negligencia e ignorancia. Conclusión: La estructura representacional implicó la construcción de prácticas colaborativas por parte de profesionales de la salud, gestores e individuos en las estrategias de control y enfrentamiento de las enfermedades desatendidas.(AU)

Dimensión práctica de las representaciones sociales de los agentes de salud comunitarios sobre la violencia doméstica contra la mujer / Dimensão prática das representações sociais de agentes comunitários de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher / Practical dimension of the community health agents' social representations about domestic violence against women

Objetivo: Comprender la dimensión práctica de las representaciones sociales de los agentes comunitarios de salud sobre la violencia intrafamiliar contra la mujer. Metodología: Se trata de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo sustentada en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, realizada en Unidades de Salud de la Familia de un municipio del interior de Bahía, con la participación de 30 agentes comunitarios de salud. La producción de datos se realizó mediante la técnica de entrevista en profundidad y análisis léxico; Se utilizó el software IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pourles Analyzes Multidimensionales de Textes et de Questionnaires) y los datos fueron procesados por el método de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente. Resultados: Reveló que las prácticas de atención a mujeres en situación de violencia intrafamiliar se basan en dimensiones técnicas a través de visitas domiciliarias; relacional anclado en la escucha, la vinculación y la confianza; orientación por la capacidad de establecer un proceso de intercambio y gestión de información. Presentaron concepciones sobre los servicios y profesionales que integran la red de atención a las mujeres en situación de violencia, revelando debilidades en el trabajo que dificultan el desarrollo de las acciones. Consideraciones finales: Se entiende que los agentes comunitarios de salud son profesionales importantes en la prevención, identificación y enfrentamiento de la violencia intrafamiliar contra la mujer y necesitan un apoyo multidisciplinario e intersectorial para atender las demandas de estas mujeres. (AU)

Objetivo: Compreender a dimensão prática das representações sociais de agentes comunitários de saúde sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher. Metodologia: Trata-se de investigação de abordagem qualitativa apoiada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizada em Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do interior da Bahia, com a participação de 30 agentes comunitários de saúde. A produção de dados ocorreu a partir da técnica de entrevista em profundidade e análise lexical; utilizou-se o software IRAMUTEQ(Interface de R pourles Analyses Multidimensionneles de Textes et de Questionnaires) e os dados processados pelo método de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados: Revelaram que as práticas assistenciais às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica são pautadas nas dimensões técnica através da visita domiciliar; relacional ancorada na escuta, vínculo e confiança; orientação pela capacidade de estabelecer um processo de troca de informações e gerencial. Apresentaram concepções sobre serviços e profissionais que compõem a rede de atenção à mulher em situação de violência desvelando fragilidades no trabalho que dificultam o desenvolvimento de ações. Considerações finais: Entende-se que os agentes comunitários de saúde são profissionais importantes na prevenção, identificação e enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra a mulher e necessitam de apoio multiprofissional e intersetorial para atender às demandas dessas mulheres. (AU)

Objective: To understand the practical dimension of the social representations of community health agents about domestic violence against women. Methodology: This is a research study with a qualitative approach grounded on the Theory of Social Representations and carried out in Family Health Units in a municipality from the inland of Bahia, with participation of 30 community health agents. Data production took place through the technique of in-depth interviews and lexical analysis; the IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pourles Analyzes Multidimensionales de Textes et de Questionnaires) software was used and the data were processed by means of the Descending Hierarchical Classification method. Results: It was revealed that the care practices for women in situations of domestic violence are based on the technical dimension through home visits; on the relational dimension anchored in listening, bonding and trust; and on the guidance dimension by the ability to establish an information exchange and management process. They presented conceptions about services and professionals that comprise the care network for women in situations of violence, revealing weaknesses at work that hinder development of actions. Final considerations: It is understood that community health agents are important professionals in the prevention, identification and confrontation of domestic violence against women and need multiprofessional and intersectoral support to meet the demands of these women. (AU)

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients at a Psychosocial Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with greater risk of morbimortality and it has high prevalence in people with mental illness. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and its associated factors in the patients of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS in Brazilian Portuguese) in the city of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. METHOD: Cross-sectional study set at CAPS in the city of Salvador-Bahia between August 2019 and February 2020. MS was evaluated according to the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. In addition to descriptive statistics, gross and adjusted prevalence ratios were described. RESULTS: MS was found in 100 (35.2%) individuals, 116 (40.9%) were obese and 165 (58.1%) had increased waist circumference. Polypharmacy was identified in 63 (22.3%) patients and 243 (85.9%) used antipsychotics. Under gross evaluation, women (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.35-2.63) and those who used antidepressants (PR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.05-1.88) showed an association with MS. After logistic regression, depression (PR = 1.86; 95%CI: 1.38-2.51), acanthosis (PR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.18-1.90), use of antipsychotics (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.13-2.75), and hypertriglyceridemic waist (PR = 3.33; 95%CI: 2.48-4.46) were associated with MS. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MS signals multimorbidity among individuals with mental disorders and suggests a need for clinical screening.

Visão bioética na quarentena no contexto da covid-19: revisão integrativa / Bioethics view in the quarantine in the COVID-19 context: an integrative review / Visión bioética en la cuarentena en el contexto del Covid-19: una revisión integradora

Resumo Este estudo busca relacionar as questões bioéticas acerca da quarentena como ferramenta de mitigação da pandemia de covid-19 na sociedade. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, seguindo os critérios da Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses nas etapas pertinentes. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e SciELO, procurando textos publicados entre 2019 e 2020, em inglês, espanhol e português. Dentre os artigos identificados, sete foram selecionados para compor este trabalho, sendo dois dos Estados Unidos, dois da Espanha, um da Finlândia, um da Austrália e um de Bangladesh. Os estudos ressaltam que, apesar de a quarentena e o isolamento serem as únicas estratégias conhecidas até o momento, é necessário desenvolver políticas que levem em consideração os princípios bioéticos, focando, por exemplo, populações em situação de vulnerabilidade social, que necessitam de suporte para estabelecer tal medida.

Abstract This study seeks to relate the bioethical questions about the quarantine as a mitigation tool of the COVID-19 pandemic in society. It is an integrative review, following criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses at the pertinent phases. The search was carried out in the databases Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed and SciELO, searching texts published between 2019 and 2020, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Among the identified articles, seven were selected to be part of this work, of those, two are from the United States, two from Spain, one from Finland, one from Australia, and one from Bangladesh. The studies show that, despite the quarantine and the distancing being the only strategies known up to this moment, developing politics that consider bioethical principles, focusing on, for example, socially vulnerable populations, who need support to establish this measure, is necessary.

Resumen Este estudio pretende relacionar las cuestiones bioéticas sobre la cuarentena como herramienta de mitigación para la pandemia del Covid-19. Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura basada en los criterios del Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses en las etapas correspondientes. Se realizó en las bases de datos Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, PubMed y SciELO una búsqueda de artículos publicados entre 2019 y 2020, en inglés, español y portugués. Entre los artículos identificados, se seleccionaron siete: dos de Estados Unidos, dos de España, uno de Finlandia, uno de Australia y uno de Bangladesh. Los estudios destacan que, aunque la cuarentena y el aislamiento son las únicas estrategias conocidas hasta el momento, es necesario desarrollar políticas que tengan en cuenta los principios bioéticos, centrándose, por ejemplo, en las poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad social, que necesitan apoyo para cumplir tal medida.

Data standardization of plant-pollinator interactions.

BACKGROUND: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies. However, these standards are currently not suitable to fully support interaction data sharing. RESULTS: Here we present a vocabulary of terms and a data model for sharing plant-pollinator interactions data based on the Darwin Core standard. The vocabulary introduces 48 new terms targeting several aspects of plant-pollinator interactions and can be used to capture information from different approaches and scales. Additionally, we provide solutions for data serialization using RDF, XML, and DwC-Archives and recommendations of existing controlled vocabularies for some of the terms. Our contribution supports open access to standardized data on plant-pollinator interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of the vocabulary would facilitate data sharing to support studies ranging from the spatial and temporal distribution of interactions to the taxonomic, phenological, functional, and phylogenetic aspects of plant-pollinator interactions. We expect to fill data and knowledge gaps, thus further enabling scientific research on the ecology and evolution of plant-pollinator communities, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, and the development of public policies. The proposed data model is flexible and can be adapted for sharing other types of interactions data by developing discipline-specific vocabularies of terms.

Comparing Phylogenetic Trees Side by Side Through iPhyloC, a New Interactive Web-Based Framework.

Current frameworks of side-by-side phylogenetic trees comparison face two issues: (1) accepting mainly binary trees as input and (2) assuming input trees having identical or highly overlapping taxa. However, cladistic comparative studies often lead with multiple nontotally resolved trees with nonidentical sets of taxa. We tackle these issues in this study, presenting the iPhyloC, an interactive web-based framework for comparing phylogenetic trees side by side. iPhyloC supports automatic identification of the common taxa in the input trees, comparison options between them, intuitive design, high usability, scalability to large trees, and cross-platform support. iPhyloC was tested using different trees and a supertree depicting the phylogenetic relationships within the insect order Diptera as examples.

Risk factors for delirium among SARS-CoV-2 positive veterans.

There have been increasing reports of atypical neuropsychological symptoms among patients hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although numerous pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to account for the association between COVID-19 and delirium, few studies have examined factors associated with its development and none have done so in the context of a veteran sample. The current study exploratorily examined demographic and medical variables that might be associated with delirium among a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 positive veterans. Demographic and medical data were extracted from the computerized patient records of 162 veterans who were admitted to a large southeastern Veterans Affairs hospital for COVID-19 complications between March 1, 2020 and April 20, 2020. At the zero-order level, age, a history of cardiovascular illness, length of stay, intensive care unit admission, initiation of new dialysis, and the development of new thromboembolic or cardiac findings were associated with delirium. However, when simultaneously examining the impact of these predictor variables in a logistic regression, only length of stay and new cardiac findings increased the odds of delirium. Findings highlight the importance of continued investigation into factors that may account for neuropsychiatric dysfunction among COVID-19 patients.

Conhecimento da equipe multiprofissional sobre segurança do paciente em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Knowledge of the multidisciplinary team on patient safety in an Intensive Care Unit

Analisar os fatores que interferem na segurança do paciente em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) mediante o conhecimento da equipe multiprofissional. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantiqualitativa realizado com 40 profissionais de saúde, que compõe a equipe multiprofissional da UTI de um hospital estadual, referência regional. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de maio a dezembro de 2020. Deu-se por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, direcionada por um roteiro temático e questionário sociodemográfico. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEQ, através da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente e analisados por meio da técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Foi evidenciado que a fragilidade no conhecimento sobre o conceito de segurança do paciente, a falta de protocolos assistências, os problemas interpessoais, a ocorrência de eventos adversos, a subnotificação e dimensionamento inadequado são alguns dos fatores que interferem na segurança do paciente na UTI. Nota-se a necessidade de resolução das falhas existentes, sobretudo ao que refere ao dimensionamento de pessoal, as questões relacionadas à interação da equipe multiprofissional e a implementação de protocolos institucionais, que são norteadores do cuidado. Com o fortalecimento da cultura de segurança, onde os profissionais sintam-se empoderados a realizar a notificação, não apenas dos EA, como também das circunstâncias notificáveis.

The aim of this study was to analyze the factors that interfere with patient safety in Intensive Care Units (ICU) through the knowledge of the multidisciplinary team. This was a descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out with 40 health professionals, who make up the multidisciplinary team of the ICU of a regional reference hospital of the state. Data collection was carried out between the months of May and December 2020. It took place through a semi-structured interview, guided by a thematic script and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Data were processed using IRAMUTEQ software, through Descending Hierarchical Classification, and were analyzed using the collective subject discourse technique. It was demonstrated that the lack of knowledge about the concept of patient safety, the lack of care protocols, interpersonal problems, the occurrence of adverse events, underreporting, and inadequate estimations are some of the factors that interfere with patient safety in the ICU. There is a need to resolve existing flaws, especially regarding personnel size, issues related to the interaction of the multidisciplinary team, and the implementation of institutional protocols, which guide care. By strengthening the safety culture, professionals feel empowered to report not only AEs, but also reportable circumstances.

A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera).

The genera and species of worldwide wormlions (Diptera: Rhagionidae) are listed, with annotated references to nomenclature, synonymies and generic combinations, type localities, primary type depositories, distribution, and citations for the most recent revisions. The most diverse genera of the family are Vermileo Macquart, Vermipardus Stuckenberg and Lampromyia Macquart, with 13 described species each. The bulk of Vermileonidae diversity, with nearly half of the valid species, remains in the Afrotropical region.

A sketch-based system for modeling 3D objects: Applications to taxonomy.

We present a sketch-based system for modeling 3D objects with multiple contours as overlaid structures, allowing users to infer perceivable symmetries and occluded parts of the model prior to its automatic 3D reconstruction. Many approaches for sketch-based interfaces and modeling focus on the final drawing and 3D reconstruction of solid objects, exploring, as inputs, contours; however, when the subject consists of multiple drawings as overlaid structures, as usual in species descriptions, these approaches have to roughly infer or discard occluded parts. Unlike previous sketch-based techniques, we explore a set of 2D visual effects to enhance the visual perception of users while sketching multiple overlaid objects in single-view. The proposed system was applied to general simple zoological and botanical sketches as well as to published descriptions of species of Diptera, demonstrating its usefulness for taxonomy.