Gender representation on environmental sciences editorial boards.

Gender representation in science has been extensively investigated by scientists from different disciplines and locations. Men continue to publish, collaborate, and obtain more citations than women. We investigated the relationship between Editor-in-Chief (EiC) and Editorial Boards' (EB) gender representation and the impact factor (IF) of environmental science journals (ESJ). We analyzed EiC/EB members of the top ESJ in the Web of Science databases that published at least 10,000 articles from their first publication until 2021. Binary gender information was assigned to 9153 members from 39 journals. IF ranged from 0.854 to 11.236 (x̅=5.05). Women represented 20 % of EiC positions and 23 % of EB members. Although, the majority of female EiC/EBs were represented in journals with an IF lower than the mean. No correlation was found between EiC's gender representation and the IF (p > 0.05). Regarding the hypothesis that female EiC was associated with EB gender equity, the link was not significant (p = 0.3). Our hypothesis of no association between gender proportion and IF was accepted for journals with IF>5 (p = 0.2) but rejected for IF.

Methanogenic communities and methane emissions from enrichments of Brazilian Amazonia soils under land-use change.

Amazonian forest conversion into agricultural and livestock areas is considered one of the activities that contribute most to the emission of greenhouse gases, including methane. Biogenic methane production is mainly performed by methanogenic Archaea, which underscores the importance of understanding the drivers shaping microbial communities involved in the methane cycling and changes in methane metabolism. Here, we aimed to investigate the composition and structure of bacterial and archaeal communities in tropical soils in response to land-use changes, emphasizing the methanogenic communities. We collected soil samples from primary forest, pasture, and secondary forest of the Amazonian region and used a strategy based on the enrichment of the methanogenic community with three different methanogenic substrates followed by measurements of methane emission, quantification of mcrA gene copies by qPCR, and total 16 S rRNA gene sequencing (metataxonomics). We observed variations in the structure of bacterial and archaeal communities of soils under different uses. The richness of methanogenic communities was higher in pasture than forest soils and this richness remained during the incubation period, and as a consequence, the enrichment induced earlier methane emission in pastures-derived samples. Furthermore, pastures enrichments exhibited methanogenic archaea networks more complex than primary and secondary forests. In conclusion, pastures harbor a richer and more responsive methanogenic community than forest samples, suggesting that conversion of forest areas to pasture may boost methane emission.

A utilização dos fatores de crescimento e biomateriais na regeneração dos tecidos moles: uma revisão de literatura / The use of growth factors and biomaterials in soft tissue regeneration: a literature review

Os implantes dentários são uma modalidade exclusiva de tratamento para a reposição da dentição perdida. A inclusão de um biomaterial ou fator de crescimento nos tecidos moles pode promover o suporte para regeneração do tecido no local de inserção. Essa revisão de literatura teve como objetivo descrever a importância dos fatores de crescimento e biomateriais que atuam na regeneração dos tecidos moles. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica no pubmed, utilizando as palavras chaves mucograft, alloderm, growth factors, soft tissue, dental implant, prf, emdogain, prp. Os fatores de crescimento são proteínas ou polipeptídios que regulam e mediam as reações biológicas naturais, atuando nos eventos de reparo tecidual através da proliferação celular, quimiotaxia, diferenciação e síntese de matriz extra-celular. Alguns fatores, como os obtidos através de concentrados plaquetários (plasma rico em fibrina e plasma rico em plaquetas), estão sendo bastante utilizados. Os biomateriais estão sendo cada vez mais estudados para substituição dos enxertos autógenos, dentre eles a matriz de colágeno suíno (MCS)(mucograft), matriz dérmica acelular (MDA)(Alloderm), matriz derivada de esmalte (MDE)(emdogain) que serão citados nessa revisão de literatura. Após a análise dos estudos conclui-se que o PRP associado ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo não trouxe benefícios; o PRF não é efetivo para a substituição de tecido mole, necessitando de mais estudos, mas é efetivo para melhorar a cicatrização de ferida cirúrgica; a MCS e MDA parecem ser bons substitutos para o ETC, porém são necessários mais estudos a longo prazo; a associação de MDE ao retalho deslocado coronalmente melhora os resultados clínicos na cobertura de recessão gengival