RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)-induced alveolar bone loss is unknown; thus, it was investigated in this study. METHODS: Alveolar bone loss was induced by infecting C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Socs2-knockout (Socs2-/-) mice with Aa. Bone parameters, bone loss, bone cell counts, the expression of bone remodeling markers, and cytokine profile were evaluated by microtomography, histology, qPCR, and/or ELISA. Bone marrow cells (BMC) from WT and Socs2-/- mice were differentiated in osteoblasts or osteoclasts for analysis of the expression of specific markers. RESULTS: Socs2-/- mice intrinsically exhibited irregular phenotypes in the maxillary bone and an increased number of osteoclasts. Upon Aa infection, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in the increased alveolar bone loss, despite decreased proinflammatory cytokine production, in comparison to the WT mice. In vitro, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in the increased osteoclasts formation, decreased expression of bone remodeling markers, and proinflammatory cytokines after Aa-LPS stimulus. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, data suggest that SOCS2 is a regulator of Aa-induced alveolar bone loss by controlling the differentiation and activity of bone cells, and proinflammatory cytokines availability in the periodontal microenvironment and an important target for new therapeutic strategies. Thus, it can be helpful in preventing alveolar bone loss in periodontal inflammatory conditions.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar , Doenças Periodontais , Camundongos , Animais , Perda do Osso Alveolar/genética , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Doenças Periodontais/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina/genética , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina/metabolismoRESUMO
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are significant regulators of cellular immune responses. Therefore, the role of SOCS in bone-inflammatory disorders, including arthritis and periodontitis, has been investigated in experimental and clinical conditions. Recent evidence shows that SOCS proteins are expressed in major bone-related cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes and synoviocytes, although their direct role in these cells is not fully described. These signaling molecules, especially SOCS1, 2 and 3, were shown to play critical roles in the control of bone resorption associated to inflammation. This review focuses on the involvement of SOCS proteins in inflammatory bone remodeling, including their direct and indirect role in the control of osteoclast hyperactivation, during arthritis and periodontitis. The description of the roles of SOCS proteins in inflammatory bone diseases highlights the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of these conditions and, thus, may contribute to the development and improvement of potential therapeutic interventions.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas , Transdução de Sinais , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina , Animais , Citocinas , Humanos , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Supressora da Sinalização de Citocina , Proteína 3 Supressora da Sinalização de Citocinas , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina/metabolismoRESUMO
As células T regulatórias (Tregs) suprimem a população de células T efetoras e podem capacitar células tumorais a evadir a resposta imune do hospedeiro. Além disso, estas células têm sido correlacionadas com angiogênese em alguns tipos de câncer. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de células Tregs e sua correlação com angiogênese em carcinomas espinocelulares (CEC) de boca. Amostras de um total de 61 pacientes com CEC de boca, localizados no lábio e na língua e assoalho bucal obtidos dos Departamentos de Patologia dos Hospitais de Base e Estadual da cidade de Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2005 a 2012 foram analisados quanto às características clínicas e demográficas. Avaliou-se também, o índice histopatológico de malignidade e a expressão imunoistoquímica de células Tregs (FOXP-3), densidade microvascular intratumoral (MVD) e VEGF-A. A associação da marcação do anticorpo anti-FOXP-3 e as variáveis clínicas e microscópicas foram avaliadas através do teste qui quadrado. A análise estatística da expressão dos marcadores entre CECs de lábio e CECs de Língua e assoalho bucal foi realizada através do teste t. As correlações entre a frequência de células Treg e MVD, células Tregs e VEGF-A, foram obtidas através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, bem como a correlação entre MVD e VEGF-A. Não houve associação da expressão de FOXP-3 com as características clínicas, demográficas e índice de malignidade tumoral. Foram observados valores similares da frequência de células Tregs, índices de MVD e expressão de VEGF-A em CECs de lábio e CECs de língua e assoalho bucal. Uma correlação positiva entre a frequência de células Tregs e a MVD foi observada, embora não estatisticamente significativa (P-valor=0,682). Além disso, uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa foi detectada entre a frequência de células Tregs e a expressão de VEGF-A (P-valor=0,029). Não foi observada correlação entre a MVD e a expressão de VEGF-A...
Regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress effector T-cell populations and can enable tumor cells to evade the host immune response. Moreover, Tregs cells have been correlated with angiogenesis in certain types of cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Treg cells and its correlation with angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), as well as its implication on growth and tumor aggressiveness. Samples from a total of 61 patients with OSCC, located on the lip and tongue and floor of the mouth were analyzed for clinical and demographic characteristics. The histopathological malignancy index and immunoexpression of Treg cells (FOXP-3), IMD (CD105) and VEGF-A were also evaluated. The association of FOXP-3 expression and the clinical and microscopic changes were evaluated using the chi square test. Statistical analysis of the expression of markers between SCCs lip and SCCs of the tongue and floor of the mouth was performed using the t test. Pearsons rank correlation was performed to evaluate the correlation between the frequencies of both, Tregs cells and VEGF-A expression and Tregs cells and IMD determinations, as well as between VEGF-A expression and IMD values. There was no association of FOXP-3 expression with clinical and demographic characteristics, and tumor malignancy index. Similar values were observed for the frequency of Treg cells, IMD values and VEGF-A expression in OSCCs of the lip and tongue and floor of mouth. A positive correlation between FOXP-3 expression with IMD values was also detected, however, statistically that was non-significant (P-value=0.682). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between the frequency of tumor-infiltrating Tregs with VEGF-A expression (P-value=0.029). No correlation was observed between IMD values and with VEGF-A expression. These results suggest that although there is an association between the frequency of Treg cells and angiogenesis in OSCC, FOXP-3...
