Matteucinol combined with temozolomide inhibits glioblastoma proliferation, invasion, and progression: an in vitro, in silico, and in vivo study

Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and malignant brain tumor identified in adults. Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, mainly with temozolomide (TMZ), is the chosen treatment for this type of tumor. However, the average survival of patients is around 15 months. Novel approaches to glioblastoma treatment are greatly needed. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-glioblastoma effect of the combination of matteucinol (Mat) (dihydroxyflavanone derived from Miconia chamissois Naudin) with the chemotherapeutic TMZ in vitro using tumor (U-251MG) and normal astrocyte (NHA) cell lines and in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The combination was cytotoxic and selective for tumor cells (28 μg/mL Mat and 9.71 μg/mL TMZ). Additionally, the combination did not alter cell adhesion but caused morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis in vitro. Notably, the combination was also able to reduce tumor growth in the chick embryo model (CAM assay). The docking results showed that Mat was the best ligand to the cell death membrane receptor TNFR1 and to TNFR1/TMZ complex, suggesting that these two molecules may be working together increasing their potential. In conclusion, Mat-TMZ can be a good candidate for pharmacokinetic studies in view of clinical use for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Acid demineralization susceptibility of dental enamel submitted to different bleaching techniques and fluoridation regimens.

The aim of the current study was to assess the acid demineralization susceptibility of bleached dental enamel submitted to different fluoride regimens. One hundred bovine enamel blocks (6×6×3 mm) were randomly divided into 10 groups (n=10). Groups 1 and 2 received no bleaching. Groups 3 to 6 were submitted to an at-home bleaching technique using 6% hydrogen peroxide (HP; G3 and G4) or 10% carbamide peroxide (CP; G5 and G6). Groups 7 to 10 were submitted to an in-office bleaching technique using 35% HP (G7 and G8) or 35% CP (G9 and G10). During bleaching, a daily fluoridation regimen of 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) solution was performed on groups 3, 5, 7, and 9, while weekly fluoridation with a 2% NaF gel was performed on groups 4, 6, 8, and 10. The samples in groups 2 to 10 were pH cycled for 14 consecutive days. The samples from all groups were then assessed by cross-sectional Knoop microhardness at different depths from the outer enamel surface. The average Knoop hardness numbers (KHNs) were compared using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). The comparison between groups 1 and 2 showed that the demineralization method was effective. The comparison among groups 2 to 6 showed the same susceptibility to acid demineralization, regardless of the fluoridation method used. However, the samples from groups 8 and 10 showed more susceptibility to acid demineralization when compared with group 2 (p<0.05). Groups 7 and 9 provided similar results to group 2, but the results of those groups were different when compared with groups 8 and 10. The use of 6% HP and 10% CP associated with daily or weekly fluoridation regimens did not increase the susceptibility of enamel to acid demineralization. However, the use of 35% HP and 35% CP must be associated with a daily fluoridation regimen, otherwise the in-office bleaching makes the bleached enamel more susceptible to acid demineralization.

Spatial variation in the structure and composition of the herbaceous community in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil / Variação espacial na estrutura da comunidade herbácea em uma região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil

In the arid and semiarid environments of the world, microhabitats serve as models for the structure of vegetation communities. The goal of this study was to identify differences in the structures of the herbaceous communities growing on a crystalline substrate and those growing on a sedimentary substrate in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. One hundred 1 × 1 m plots were established in each area for quantitative sampling, with 69 species recorded in the crystalline area and 76 in the sedimentary area. The average plant density was higher in the sedimentary area, and average diameters and heights were greater in the crystalline area. The families and species with a high Importance Value Index (IVI) and a high Mixed Ecological Value Index (MEVI) differed between the areas. Of the species with high densities, only four were found in both areas. Shannon-Weiner diversity index values in the crystalline (2.96 nats/ind.-1) and sedimentary (2.89 nats/ind.-1) areas were similar. Evenness values on both substrates were also similar (0.72 and 0.71 in the crystalline and sedimentary areas, respectively). This study shows that variations in plant establishment conditions between crystalline and sedimentary areas in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil should be considered as structure-modeling factors for the herbaceous community.

Nos ambientes áridos e semiáridos do mundo, os micro-habitats modelam a estrutura das comunidades vegetais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar diferenças nas estruturas das comunidades herbáceas instaladas sobre o solo do embasamento cristalino e a bacia sedimentar em uma região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil. Foram estabelecidas 100 parcelas de 1 × 1 m em cada área para amostragem das comunidades. Foram registradas 69 espécies na área cristalina e 76 na área sedimentar. A densidade média das plantas foi maior na área sedimentar e os diâmetros e as alturas médias foram maiores na área cristalina. As famílias e as espécies com maior Índice de Valor de Importância (IVI) e Índice de Valor Ecológico Mixto (IVEM) diferiram entre as áreas. Das espécies com maior densidade, apenas quatro foram encontradas em ambas as áreas. Os valores dos índices de diversidade Shannon-Weiner das áreas do cristalino (2,96 nats/ind.-1) e sedimentar (2,89 nats/ind.-1) foram semelhantes. Os valores de equabilidade, em ambas as áreas, também foram semelhantes (0,72 e 0,71, nas áreas cristalina e sedimentar, respectivamente). Este estudo mostra que as variações nas condições de estabelecimento das plantas entre áreas cristalinas e sedimentares, em uma região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil, devem ser consideradas como um fator modelador da estrutura das comunidades herbáceas.

Estética en prótesis removibles / The aesthetics in removable prostheses

La estética actualmente recibe una importante consideración en el contexto social. Una sonrisa atractiva es aspiración de la mayoría de los pacientes que precisan tratamiento protésico. Los implantes propiciaron una mejoría significativa, con relación a las prótesis removibles, debido a su funcionalidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar en la literatura científica moderna, a fin de hallar aspectos relacionados con la estética en la rehabilitación mediante prótesis removibles. Fueron encontrados factores importantes como: la selección de los dientes artificiales, la disposición de los mismos, la caracterización de la base de resina acrílica, además de los tipos de retenedores para las prótesis parciales removibles. La planificación y aplicación apropiada de este procedimiento, con criterios estéticos correctos, debe ser responsabilidad del profesional(AU)

Nowadays, aesthetics is very appreciated in the social context and a attractive smile is the object of desire in most of patients requiring prosthesis treatment. In case of removable prosthesis, total or partial, this feature is more significant since some or all teeth may be absents. Implants leading to a significant improvement in relation to function and comfort of removable prosthesis users, but the aesthetics of these prostheses had little attention in the current scientific literature. Thus, the aim of present article was to make a review of the literature on the aesthetic features related to rehabilitation with removable prostheses. In present study we found as significant factors for the aesthetics in removable partial and total prostheses: selection of artificial teeth and their arrangement, characterization of acrylic resin basis and also the types and location of retainers for the removable partial prostheses. We conclude that the involvement and the aesthetic knowledge during the appropriate planning of this process is responsibility of the professional(AU)

Judiciary branch and scientific evidence: an analysis of judicial decisions involving the drug galsulfase - Douglas Marin dos Santos

HTAi é uma sociedade internacional, sem fins lucrativos, que busca apoiar o desenvolvimento, a comunicação, o entendimento e o uso da avaliação de tecnologias em saúde ao redor do mundo, promovendo a introdução de inovações e a melhoria da efetividade no uso dos recursos na atenção à saúde. A exposição de Douglas Marin dos Santos ocorreu na sessão oral Judiciary branch versus health decision makers in Brazil. Obs.: O áudio da apresentação é do som ambiente. Arquivo disponível para audição e/ou download no ícone ao lado.