[Erythrocyte Na+/Li+ countertransport and arterial hypertension: data of a cross-sectional population study]. / Skorost' Na+/Li+-protivotransporta éritrotsitov i arterial'naia gipertoniia: dannye odnomomentnogo populiatsionnogo issledovaniia.

The relation of red blood cell Na+/Li+ countertransport rate to the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) and blood pressure was evaluated in 720 individuals aged 23-60 years. In all age groups, the rate of red blood cell Na+/Li+ countertransport was significantly higher in males than in females. Age, alcohol use, obesity in males and age, obesity, and Na+/Li+ countertransport rate in females are factors that predispose to AH, as evidenced by multivariate logistic analysis. The latter parameter is associated with obesity and diastolic blood pressure and unassociated with age, alcohol use, and smoke, as suggested by regression analysis. The distribution of Na+/Li+ countertransport rate values in the population after standardization for ruling out the impact of obesity is erroneous and shifted to the right. This allows it to be presented as a sum of two normal distributions. However, their analysis has failed to reveal statistically significant differences in blood pressure values of AH incidence. The rate of Na+/Li+ countertransport may be regarded as a biological population risk factor for AH, which is, however, less than such factors as age, obesity, and excessive alcohol use.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of the program of primary prevention of arterial hypertension at an industrial plant based on a prospective epidemiological study]. / Effektivnost' programmy pervichnoi profilaktiki arterial'noi gipertonii na promyshlennom predpriiatii po dannym prospektivnogo épidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia.

Whether the primary arterial hypertension prevention programme can be applied among employees of a Novosibirsk industrial enterprise within the framework of the second stage of the USSR Cooperative Study of Arterial Hypertension Control, is studied. For this, the authors used sodium-restricted diet concurrent with non-drug therapy (physio-, balneo-, reflexotherapy and acupuncture), and active sanitary education. The 2-year prospective follow-up showed a sufficiently high efficiency of health measures: the incidence of borderline hypertension was reduced by 10.5% at the end of the study, blood pressures could be maintained at the level of the borderline and subnormal values in most patients with persistent hypertension, the patients at risk developed no persistent hypertension, cases. In a 20% blind sample from the matched population, the changes in the frequency of various blood pressures were insignificant during this period.

[Erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransporter level as a risk factor of hypertension (prospective study data)]. / Velichina Na+/Li+ protivotransporta éritrotsitov kak faktor riska gipertonicheskoi bolezni (dannye prospektivnogo issledovaniia).

A 3-year prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the relation of red blood cell Na+/Li+ countertransport rates to the incidence of arterial hypertension. A total of 227 subjects (males and females aged 24-54 years)--a 20% representative sample of organized population--was followed up. The annual incidence of arterial hypertension was 4.3 among males and 2.7 among females. The baseline blood pressures and obesity in males and rates of Na+/Li+ countertransport in females were demonstrated to be factors associated with the incidence of arterial hypertension. The rate of red blood cell Na+/Li+ countertransport can be regarded as an independent biological risk factor for arterial hypertension.

[Methodological problems of evaluation of electrolyte intake in the clinical and population studies]. / Metodologicheskie problemy otsenki potrebleniia élektrolitov v klinicheskikh i populiatsionnykh issledovaniiakh.

The paper deals with methodological problems of electrolyte intake in clinical and population-based studies. Marked inter- and intraindividual fluctuations were found to substantially affect the reliability of assessing the intake of electrolytes, which should be borne in mind in practice. Specifically, individual-based reliable characteristics of electrolyte intake (excretion) may be obtained after examining at least 8 daily urinary collections. The adequate validity of group electrolyte intake may be attained when a group consists of at least 8 persons. It is shown that it is feasible to employ the definite urine amounts to gain an insight into electrolyte intake.

[Integral assessment of cerebral hemodynamics normally, at a borderline level of arterial pressure and in arterial hypertension]. / Integral'naia otsenka mozgovoi gemodinamiki v norme, pri pogranichnom urovne arterial'nogo davleniia i arterial'noi gipertonii.

Cerebral circulation in relation to central hemodynamics was examined by means of rheoencephalography and chest rheography in 667 individuals with normal and elevated arterial blood pressure. Cardio-cerebral mechanisms are shown to be pathogenetically engaged since early stages of arterial hypertension. They are manifested as decreased cerebral stroke volume, smaller pulse inflow to cerebral arteries and increased vascular tonicity. Cerebral circulatory disorders grew more severe as the disease progressed.

Medical efficacy of a cooperative prevention programme of arterial hypertension.

The study included 43,197 men aged 40-54 years, of whom 23,378 were in the intervention group and 19,819 in the comparison group; the number of man-years of follow-up totalled for the whole group 177,703. The study proved the efficacy of active, predominantly secondary prevention of arterial hypertension (AH), carried out in men aged 40-54 years over a period of 3-5 years in 12 centres within the framework of the cooperative programme. In comparison with the control group, the following changes were registered in the intervention group: 1) overall mortality decreased by 17.3%; 2) stroke mortality decreased by 48.4%; 3) non-lethal stroke morbidity decreased by 51.4%; 4) morbidity of non-fatal myocardial infarction decreased in the course of four years by 23.8%. In contrast to this, mortality due to ischaemic heart disease was in the intervention group and in the control group practically the same.

Se intensifica la lucha contra la hipertension / Intensifying the fight against high blood pressure

Studies in the Soviet Union revealed prevalence of arterial hypertension among men aged 35-59 ranging from 17 percent to 30 percent. Treatment over periods of up to five years in accordance with WHO recommendations reduced the extent of the problem and the mortality associated with it. The experience gained will be put to good effect on the national scale

Intensifying the fight against high blood pressure

Studies in the Soviet Union revealed prevalence of arterial hypertension among men aged 35-59 ranging from 17 percent to 30 percent. Treatment over periods of up to five years in accordance with WHO recommendations reduced the extent of the problem and the mortality associated with it. The experience gained will be put to good effect on the national scale

[Possibilities, difficulties and prospects for mass prevention of arterial hypertension]. / Vozmozhnosti, trudnosti i perspektivy massovoi profilaktiki arterial'noi gipertonii.

The article reflects the results of five-year secondary and primary prevention of arterial hypertension among the workers of a large automobile plant. Secondary prevention of arterial hypertension is an important means of reducing arterial hypertension complications and mortality (the overall mortality went down by 20%, and brain stroke morbidity was 70% lower in the intervention population than in the comparison one). Besides, the search and implementation of the methods of primary prevention of arterial hypertension constitutes the main perspective of the scientific and practical solution of the problem on the population level, as non-drug intervention normalized arterial blood pressure in 70% of subjects with mild hypertension. Thus, arterial hypertension is a complex medico-social problem, the solution of which depends on the fulfillment of equally important medical and socio-cultural tasks.

[Relationship between serum cholesterol content, arterial blood pressure and the ABO blood group phenotype in middle-aged men]. / Zavisimost' sederzhaniia kholesterina v syvorotke krovi i urovnia arterial'nogo davleniia ot fenotipa po gruppam krovi ABO u muzhchin srednego vozrasta.

The diagnosis of arterial hypertension among male volunteers, aged 40 to 49 years, depended to a great extent on the ABO group phenotype. Among those with AB phenotype the chances to have arterial hypertension are 46% higher than among those with the remaining 3 groups of blood. The ABO phenotype appeared to produce no significant effect upon the level of hypercholesterolemia. Males with A and AB phenotypes tended to have hypercholesterolemia more often than others. The obtained data may serve as an additional criterion for early detection of the most vulnerable contingents of individuals so that preventive measures against ischaemic heart disease and arterial hypertension could be taken.