[Assessment of the relationship of properties of chemical compounds and their toxicity to a unified hygienic standardization for chemicals].

The connection of thermodynamic properties and parameters of toxicity of chemical substances was determined. Obtained data are used for the evaluation of toxicity and hygienic rate setting of chemical compounds. The relationship between enthalpy and toxicity of chemical compounds has been established. Orthogonal planning of the experiment was carried out in the course of the investigations. Equation of unified hygienic rate setting in combined, complex, conjunct influence on the organism is presented. Prospects of determination of toxicity and methodology of unified hygienic rate setting in combined, complex, conjunct influence on the organism are presented

Enthalpy of chemical substances as a criterion of their hygienic standardization.

The data on toxicity estimation and hygienic regulation for chemical substances are presented. Toxicological studies were performed under conditions of acute experiment. We established the relationship between enthalpy and toxicity of chemical substances. A correlation between thermodynamic properties and toxicity parameters of chemical substances was found. The obtained data were used for evaluation of toxicity and hygienic standardization of chemical substances.

Complementary use of cross-polarization and standard OCT for differential diagnosis of pathological tissues.

An experimental standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) setup that can be easily modified for cross-polarization OCT (CP OCT) operation has been developed to perform differential diagnosis of pathological tissues. The complementary use of CP OCT, a technique that provides a map of cross-polarization backscattering properties of an object being studied by means of low-coherence interferometry, and standard OCT imaging improves the specificity of diagnostics of pathological changes occurring in tissues. It is shown that healthy, neoplastic and scar tissues of the esophagus have different cross-polarization backscattering properties. A comparative analysis of CP OCT, OCT and histological images from one and the same tissue area has been made. A close correlation between the location of collagen fibers in biological tissue and signal intensity in CP OCT images is found.

[The intensity of respiration in pea and corn seedlings under high-altitude hypoxia]. / Intensivnost' dykhaniia prorostkov gorokha i kukuruzy v usloviiakh vysotnoi gipoksii.

Dynamics of CO2 gas-exchange and enzymatic activity of the respiratory metabolism of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings during hypobaric hypoxia simulating the altitude of 5000 m above the sea level was studied. In the 48-hour chamber experiment (total barometric pressure is 54 kPa, partial O2 pressure is 11 kPa), the relative intensity of CO2 emission was found to increase and be essentially higher for pea than maize. Periodic reactions with small upward spikes and time offset were recorded in the pea plants. The initial increase of CO2 emission velocity by maize rapidly reached the level of saturation and since then remained constant. High velocity of the main catabolic ways and carboxylating activity in maize seedlings was the effect of hypoxic stress. Utilisation of respiratory substrates by pea seedlings was blocked at the Krebs cycle level, whereas glycolysis and oxidizing pentose phosphate pathways were activated. Weak activity of the carboxylate system does not provide refixation of endogenous carbon dioxide, excessive quantities of which invade the environment.

[The preventive properties and therapeutic efficacy of an antitetanus immunoglobulin for experimental intravenous administration]. / Preventivnye svoistva i lechebnaia éffektivnost' protikvostolbniachnogo immunoglobulina dlia vnutrivennogo vvedeniia v éksperimente.

The new preparation of antitetanus immunoglobulin for intravenous injection has been developed at the Kirov Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. The technology for obtaining this preparation is based on the method of acidic fermentative hydrolysis. The preparation has high specific potency: one dose contains at least 1,500 I.U. of tetanus antitoxin. As demonstrated in the experimental study of the preparation on mice, its intravenous injection 0.5 hours after challenge completely neutralizes the action of tetanus toxin, its use 24 hours after challenge protects all animals from death, while eliminating the clinical signs of the disease in 50% of them. The intramuscular injection of the preparation has proved to be considerably less effective.