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1.
Mali Med ; 34(1): 30-34, 2019.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35897247

RESUMO

Impact of the prescription and delivery of benzodiazepines in the occurrence of addictions in the district of Mbour. INTRODUCTION: Benzodiazepines (BZD) are widely used nowadays and are at the origin of an addiction. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to evaluate the quality of benzodiazepine prescribing and delivery in the Mbour department of Senegal and subsequently to implement an addictovigilance strategy. Thus, we studied the prescribing habits, the quality of delivery and identified the consumption habits of these drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional, prospective study with two questionnaires: addressed to patients and prescribers, conducted in pharmacies, hospitals, districts and Mbour health posts. RESULTS: 44% of BZD prescriptions were prescribed by doctors and especially general practitioner. 31.1% did not comply with the rules of prescription (marketing authorization). As for the dispensing rules, (85.3%) were dispensed without a prescription. The level of consumption was high in the 30-40 age group (43.95%) predominantly female (59%). Insomnia predominated as a reason for prescription (16.4%) on anxiety (11.94%) with (65.5%) dependence. CONCLUSION: The abuses observed in the prescription, the delivery and consumption of BZD, constitutes a real health problem. Half of the consumers become addicted, hence the need for a national addictovigilance program.


INTRODUCTION: Les benzodiazépines (BZD) sont très utilisées de nos jours et sont à l'origine d'une addiction. OBJECTIFS: L'objectif était d'évaluer la qualité de la prescription et de la délivrance des benzodiazépines dans le département de Mbour au Sénégal et ultérieurement mettre en place une stratégie d'addictovigilance. Ainsi, nous avons étudié les habitudes de prescription, la qualité de délivrance et identifié les habitudes de consommation de ces médicaments. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, prospective avec deux questionnaires : adressé aux patients et prescripteurs, menée dans des pharmacies, hôpital, district et postes de santé de Mbour. RÉSULTATS: 44% des ordonnances de BZD étaient prescrites par des médecins et particulièrement des généralistes. 31,1% ne respectaient pas les règles de prescriptions (hors AMM). Quant aux règles de délivrance, 85,3% étaient délivrées sans ordonnance. Le niveau de consommation était élevé dans la tranche d'âge 30-40 ans (43,95%) avec une prédominance féminine (59%). L'insomnie prédominait comme motif de prescription (16,4%) sur l'anxiété (11,94%) avec (65,5%) de dépendance. CONCLUSION: Les abus observés dans la prescription, la délivrance et la consommation des BZD, constitue un véritable problème de santé. La moitié des consommateurs deviennent addictes, d'où la nécessité de mettre en place un programme d'addictovigilance à l'échelon national.

2.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 34(1): 30-34, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265731

RESUMO

Les benzodiazépines (BZD) sont très utilisées de nos jours et sont à l'origine d'uneaddiction.Objectifs : L'objectif était d'évaluer la qualité de la prescription et de la délivrance des benzodiazépines dans le département de Mbour au Sénégal et ultérieurement mettre en place une stratégie d'addictovigilance. Ainsi, nous avons étudié les habitudes de prescription, la qualité de délivrance et identifié les habitudes de consommation de ces médicaments. Matériels et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, prospective avec deux questionnaires : adressé aux patients et prescripteurs, menée dans des pharmacies, hôpital, district et postes de santé de Mbour.Résultats:44% des ordonnanace de BZD étaient prescrites par des médecins et particulièrement des généralistes.31,1% ne respectaient pas les règles de prescriptions (hors AMM). Quant aux règles de délivrance,85,3% étaient délivrées sans ordonnance. Le niveau de consommation était élevé dans la tranche d'âge 30-40 ans (43,95%) avec une prédominance féminine (59%). L'insomnie prédominait comme motif de prescription (16,4%) sur l'anxiété (11,94%) avec (65,5%) de dépendance. Conclusion : Les abus observés dans la prescription, la délivrance et la consommation des BZD, constitue un véritable problème desantè.La moitié des consommateurs deviennent addictes, d'où la nécessité de mettre en place un programme d'addictovigilance à l'échelon national


Assuntos
Benzodiazepinas , Prescrições , Senegal , Vigília
3.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 106(2): 95-9, 2013 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23516012

RESUMO

This study compared erythrocyte changes between a group of subjects with sickle cell trait (SCT) and controls (subjects without hemoglobinopathy) during a soccer game in two conditions: with and without hydration. Erythrocyte deformability of subjects was assessed by the coefficient of erythrocyte rigidity (Tk) which was calculated before and after football match. Our results showed a significant increase in erythrocyte rigidity (Tk) in SCT at the end of physical activities without hydration; however when water was provided ad libitum their Tk decreased significantly, reaching values of controls. And adequate hydration is recommended in subjects with sickle cell trait during and after exercise.


Assuntos
Desidratação/sangue , Deformação Eritrocítica , Traço Falciforme/sangue , Futebol , Adulto , Viscosidade Sanguínea , Clima , Desidratação/urina , Comportamento de Ingestão de Líquido , Feminino , Hematócrito , Humanos , Masculino , Traço Falciforme/urina , Urinálise , Água , Adulto Jovem
4.
Cardiovasc J Afr ; 22(1): 7-13, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21298199

RESUMO

AIM: In endothelium-denuded arteries, the nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) induced a persistent hypo-reactivity to vasoconstrictors, and low-molecular weight thiols such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) produced a relaxant effect. These effects were attributed to the formation of vascular NO stores. In arteries with a functional endothelium, such long-lasting effects on arterial tone have not been well characterised. In this study, we proposed to examine the possibility of storing exogenous NO when the vascular endothelium is still able to produce its own NO. METHODS: For this purpose, changes in isometric tension of isolated arteries were assessed in organ chambers, and nitrosothiol formation was characterised by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: In rat aortic rings with endothelium pre-exposed to GSNO, the contractile response to norepinephrine (NE) was not attenuated in comparison with control rings, but NAC induced a relaxant effect. However, an attenuation of the response to NE was observed in GSNO-exposed, intact aortic rings after inhibition of NO synthase by N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-AME) or in GSNO-denuded rings. The relaxing effects of NAC were due to the mobilisation of NO from nitrosothiols after nitrosylation of protein SH residues. Moreover, the hypo-reactivity to NE and the relaxant effect of NAC were abolished by 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, and partially by the K+-sensitive channel inhibitor tetra-ethyl-ammonium (TEA). CONCLUSION: These data show that endothelium-derived NO masked the persistent effect of GSNO in rat thoracic aorta. However, the ability of GSNO to form releasable NO stores without altering the vascular tone can be particularly useful in preventing endothelial dysfunction in which NO formation decreases.


Assuntos
Aorta Torácica/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Doadores de Óxido Nítrico/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , S-Nitrosoglutationa/farmacologia , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Aorta Torácica/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Guanilato Ciclase/antagonistas & inibidores , Guanilato Ciclase/metabolismo , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Microscopia Confocal , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/metabolismo , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Potássio/farmacologia , Canais de Potássio/efeitos dos fármacos , Canais de Potássio/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo , Vasoconstritores/farmacologia , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia
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