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Eur J Pharmacol ; 906: 174235, 2021 Sep 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34097884

RESUMO

P2X7 receptor, a purinergic receptor family member, is abundantly expressed on many cells, including immune, muscle, bone, neuron, and glia. It acts as an ATP-activated cation channel that permits the influx of Ca2+, Na+ and efflux of K+ ions. The P2X7 receptor plays crucial roles in many physiological processes including cytokine and chemokine secretion, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cellular growth and differentiation, locomotion, wound healing, transcription factors activation, cell death and T-lymphocyte survival. Past studies have demonstrated the up-regulation and direct association of this receptor in many pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, diabetics, arthritis, tuberculosis (TB) and inflammatory diseases. Hence, targeting this receptor is considered a worthwhile approach to lessen the afflictions associated with the disorders mentioned above by understanding the receptor architecture and downstream signalling processes. Here, in the present review, we have dissected the structural and functional aspects of the P2X7 receptor, emphasizing its role in various diseased conditions. This information will provide in-depth knowledge about the receptor and help to develop apt curative methodologies for the betterment of humanity in the coming years.


Assuntos
Agonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2X/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2X/farmacologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7/metabolismo , Animais , Artrite/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite/imunologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/imunologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Humanos , Inflamassomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Inflamassomos/imunologia , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/imunologia , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/imunologia , Agonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2X/farmacologia , Antagonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2X/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose/imunologia
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