Hodgkin's disease primarily involving Waldeyer's ring. Case report and review of the literature.

We report a rare case of mixed cellularity Hodgkin's disease primarily involving Waldeyer's ring, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and gene rearrangement studies. Our literature search revealed only 14 cases of this entity; six of these represented lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease not confirmed by immunohistochemistry and, thus, were possibly not truly Hodgkin's disease. Our case demonstrates the diagnostic difficulties in this rare entity and we recommend appropriate immunoperoxidase staining in atypical lymphoid proliferations involving otolaryngic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

Acute myelofibrosis terminating in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case report and review of the literature.

Acute myelofibrosis (AMF), as defined by an acute panmyelopathy associated with marked megakaryocytic hyperplasia and marrow fibrosis, appears to be a stem cell disorder. Even though it is most difficult to distinguish from various myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic disorders as well as acute myelogenous leukemia, it has rarely been reported to terminate as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Only five cases have been reported in the literature; two from the pediatric literature and only three from the adult literature. Of the three adult cases, two were defined by light microscopy alone. Among the cases with follow-up (3/5), all died within 2 weeks to 2 months of diagnosis. We report an additional case in an adult; the ALL was defined by morphology, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, and cytogenetic analysis. The interval from diagnosis of AMF to ALL was 3 months. Our patient was treated with standard therapy for ALL, was in complete remission at last follow-up (3 months off maintenance therapy), and represents the only reported case who attained a complete remission. There are too few cases to determine the prognostic significance of termination of AMF in an acute leukemia of lymphoid origin vs. myeloid origin.

High resolution of human lactate dehydrogenase: new multiple forms and potential tumor markers.

Human lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was investigated by ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (IEF). In serum, approximately 15 bands and in lyzates of erythrocytes approximately 20 bands were detected. Known LDH isoenzymes (identified by markers) appeared in the zymograms as follows: LDH-1 as a single or double band, LDH-2 as a single band in serum and in the marker, and as a double band in hemolyzate, LDH-3 as a double band, and LDH-4 and LDH-5 each as a single band. LDH-1 was partly inactivated, probably due to deamidation in the acidic range of the pH gradient. Potential LDH tumor markers were detected in different tumor cytosols.

Mass screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: improved fluorescent spot test.

New data on the reliability of the fluorescent spot test are presented. Improvements in the assay were established. Newborn mass screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD, EC 1.1.1.49) deficiency was performed with dried blood samples on filter paper (Guthrie-cards). Females, known to be heterozygote for G-6-PD deficiency were detected at a rate of approximately 30-70%, depending on the storage conditions of the samples. False positive results in male hemizygotes were eliminated.

Cuerpos extranos intraoculares. / Intraocular foreign bodies

Se practico la extraccion de cuerpos extranos intraoculares en treinta pacientes; veintisiete (90%) de estos pacientes requirieron vitrectomia via pars plana. Reportamos el estado preoperatorio y postoperatorio. En vientitres pacientes (76%) la agudeza visual postoperatoria fue de 20/200 o mejor. Se sugiere la vitrectomia via pars plana como la tecnica de eleccion en ciertos pacientes con cuerpos extranos intraoculares

Alkaline phosphatase. A dominant enzyme of microvillus structure of cephalopod photoreceptors.

The rhabdomeres of cephalopod photoreceptors, which are built up mainly of rhodopsin and phospholipid molecules, show a very high alkaline phosphatase activity. The enzyme has been partially characterized in purified rhodopsin vesicle fractions of the rhabdomeres by the following kinetic data: pH optimum 8.7; activation energy 9100 cal . m-1; Vmax = 2.5 mumol . min-1 . mg-1; Km = 1.5 x 10(-4) M; its activity depends on Mg2+. There is good evidence that the alkaline phosphatase is a membrane-bound enzyme with receptor sites presumably located on the inside of the membrane. This enzyme has not been purified but its high activity compared to that of other known alkaline phosphatases (see Table I) indicates that each mirovillus, the structural unit of the rhabdomere, contains 1-20 enzyme molecules. This finding supports the hypothesis that the alkaline phosphatase is involved in the biochemical amplification process of excitation, or adaptation.