Modelling COVID-19 growth cases of provinces in java Island by modified spatial weight matrix GSTAR through railroad passenger's mobility.

The movement of positive people Coronavirus Disease that was discovered in 2019 (Covid-19), written 2019-nCoV, from one location to another has a great opportunity to transmit the virus to more people. High-risk locations for transmission of the virus are public transportations, one of which is the train, because many people take turns in or together inside. One of the policies of the government is physical distancing, then followed by large-scale social restrictions. The keys to the policy are distance and movement. The most famous transportation used for the movement of people among provinces on Java is train. Here a Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model is applied to forecast infected case of 2019-nCoV for 6 provinces in Java. The specialty of this model is the weight matrix as a tool to see spatial dependence. Here, the modified Inverse Distance Weight matrix is proposed as a combination of the population ratio factor with the average distance of an inter-provincial train on the island of Java. The GSTAR model (1; 1) can capture the pattern of daily cases increase in 2019-nCoV, evidenced by representative results, especially in East Java, where the increase in cases is strongly influenced by other provinces on the island of Java. Based on the Mean Squares of Residuals, it is obtained that the modified matrix gives better result in both estimating (in-sample) and forecasting (out-sample) compare with the ordinary matrix.

Ramifications of HLA class I polymorphism and population genetics for vaccine development.

HLA polymorphism can complicate the design and development of vaccines, especially those that contain a selected number of epitopes and are directed at pathogens prevalent worldwide. Because of HLA class I restricted antigen recognition and ethnic variation in HLA distribution, such vaccines may not be uniformly effective across populations. We, therefore, considered whether it is possible to assemble a panel of HLA-A and/or HLA-B alleles that would allow the formulation of a single vaccine for a set of Caucasian, Black, or Asian populations. In applying an algorithm to predict levels of favorable response, we identified predominant alleles in 15 representative populations. Approximately 80% of the individuals in one African Black population and five Asian populations were positive for at least one of three HLA-A alleles. Eighty percent coverage was also theoretically possible in five Caucasian populations with only five HLA-A alleles. Four of five Black populations analyzed also required five alleles, but the allelic combinations differed. Our findings suggest that HLA-A alleles may be preferred targets because of the increased heterogeneity at HLA-B, although addition of a single HLA-B allele to a set of HLA-A alleles improved coverage. This approach provides for the identification of combinations of alleles that represent a desired percentage of a population and that could be targeted in designing vaccines. For vaccines with known HLA-restricted epitopes, it allows a prediction of theoretical levels of "responder" and "non-responder" status. Finally, these results might be used in the analysis of protein sequences to identify potential CD8+ T-cell epitopes in populations of interest. Biologic variables that may have further relevance are discussed.

Anticalculus efficacy of three dentifrices.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the anticalculus effect of three commercial dentifrices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 12-week independent and double-blind clinical study was conducted on a population of calculus-forming adult male and female subjects in Budapest, Hungary to directly compare the anticalculus efficacy of three commercially-available dentifrices, as compared to a placebo dentifrice. The three commercially-available anticalculus dentifrices compared in this clinical study to a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica placebo dentifrice were as follows: (1) A dentifrice containing 1.3% soluble pyrophosphate and 1.5% of a PVM/MA copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base. (2) A dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan and 2% of a PVM/MA copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base. (3) A dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan and 0.75% zinc citrate in a 1.14% sodium monofluorophosphate/silica base. RESULTS: All three anticalculus dentifrices provided statistically significant reductions in supragingival calculus formation, as compared to a placebo dentifrice, after 12 weeks of use. The reductions in supragingival calculus formation ranged from 39% to 55%, as compared to a placebo dentifrice, for the three commercially-available anticalculus dentifrices. There was no statistically significant difference among the three commercially-available dentifrices with regard to anticalculus efficacy.

[Treatment of xerostomia with lactoperoxidase-containing mouthwashes and toothpaste]. / A xerostomia kezelése laktoperoxidáz-tartalmú szájápoló szerekkel.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a lactoperoxidase--hypothiocyanate enzyme system on the subjective complaints and symptoms of patients suffering from "dry mouth syndrome" with diseases of the oral mucosa. The objective changes in the oral microbiological flora and cytological pattern were also assessed. The lactoperoxidase-enzyme system-containing products--like Oralbalance gel (in combination with Biotène toothpaste)--seems to be a useful tool of choice for symptomatic therapy in patients, complaining of "dry mouth syndrome".

[Stomatologic mass screening in the 3rd District of Budapest]. / Stomatoonkológiai szürövizsgálatok Budapest III. kerületében.

Stomatooncological examinations, related to the lung-screening process in the 3rd district of Budapest have been performed for one and a half year. Screening examinations of 2213 non-selected patients identified precancerous lesions in 127 cases: leukoplakia in 5.74%, oral lichen in 0.36%. Fifty-seven percent of the patients never or only in painful cases visited the dentist. Based on their findings, the authors claim to continue this screening program, and recommend the extension of this model to the whole population.