RESUMO
The sequelae of chronic edentulous space is the supraeruption of the opposing teeth which hinders prosthodontic replacement. Molar intrusion of overerupted teeth can be done using miniscrew implants which serves as a promising technique, especially in adult patients. This case report highlights pre-prosthodontic therapy by pure molar intrusion using Temporary Anchorage Device (TAD) in an adult patient seeking prosthesis to enhance chewing efficiency.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica , Adulto , Humanos , Maxila , Dente Molar , Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , Prostodontia , Técnicas de Movimentação DentáriaRESUMO
Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) is a rhabdovirus associated with systemic illness and mortality in cyprinids. Several diagnostic tests are available for detection of SVCV. However, most of these tests are time consuming and are not well adapted for field-based diagnostics. In this study, a diagnostic tool for SVCV detection based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) has been developed. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein (G) gene of SVCV North Carolina (NC) isolate, four sets (each set containing two outer and two inner) of primers were designed. Temperature and time conditions were optimized to 65 degrees C and 60 min, respectively, for LAMP and RT-LAMP using one primer set. In vitro specificity was evaluated using four different strains of fish rhabdoviruses and RT-LAMP was found to be specific to SVCV. Serial dilutions of SVCV NC isolate was used to evaluate the in vitro sensitivity of RT-LAMP. Sensitivity of the assays was similar to RT-PCR and detected SVCV even at the lowest dilution of 10(1) TCID50 mL(-1). The ability of RT-LAMP to detect SVCV from infected carp was also tested and the assay detected SVCV from all infected fish. The isothermal temperature requirements, high specificity and sensitivity, and short incubation time of the RT-LAMP assay make it an excellent choice as a field diagnostic test for SVCV.
Assuntos
Carpas/virologia , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/veterinária , Infecções por Rhabdoviridae/veterinária , Vesiculovirus/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Primers do DNA/química , Doenças dos Peixes/diagnóstico , Infecções por Rhabdoviridae/diagnóstico , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Vesiculovirus/genéticaRESUMO
Fish and shellfish diseases are a constant threat to the sustainability and economic viability of aquaculture. Early diagnosis plays a vital role in management of fish and shellfish diseases. Traditionally, various biochemical and serological tests have been used for fish disease diagnosis. However, the time and expertise required for such diagnoses makes it difficult for aquaculturists to easily adopt them under production conditions. Polymerase chain reaction and probe-based nucleic acid detection have become increasingly popular in fish and shellfish diagnostics. Recently, a novel technique called loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has been developed, which is highly sensitive and rapid. LAMP has been used for the detection of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic diseases in both animal and plants. In aquaculture, LAMP-based detection of pathogens like Edwardsiella tarda, E. ictaluri, Nocardia seriolae, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, white spot syndrome virus and infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus have been reported. In this review, the application of LAMP for the detection of aquaculture-associated pathogens is discussed.
Assuntos
Aquicultura/métodos , Bactérias/genética , Doenças dos Peixes/genética , Fungos/genética , Infecções/veterinária , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Parasitos/genética , Vírus/genética , Animais , Doenças dos Peixes/microbiologia , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Peixes , Infecções/genética , Frutos do Mar/microbiologia , Frutos do Mar/parasitologia , Frutos do Mar/virologiaRESUMO
We analysed a total of 530 expressed genes from the head kidney cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) treated by immunostimulants. Sequences of the cDNA clones were compared with sequences in the GenBank database. Immune-related genes identified after in vitro stimulation of carp head kidney cells were: BPI/LBP, C-type lectins, fucolectins, CC-chemokine, CXC-chemokine, CD18, cyclophilin, FcgammaR, G-CSFR, HSP 70, Ig heavy and light chains, NITR, integrin beta2-alpha, Mx, interleukin-1beta, beta thymosin, lysozyme G & C, MHC class II associated invariant chain 1 and 2, granulin, CAAT binding protein and tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced protein. The expression of these immune-related genes may be important for estimating the efficacy of immunostimulants.
