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Neuropsychopharmacology ; 38(2): 302-12, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22968817

RESUMO

Selective dopamine D(3) receptor (D(3)R) antagonists prevent reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior and decrease the rewarding effects of contextual cues associated with drug intake preclinically, suggesting that they may reduce drug craving in humans. GSK598809 is a selective D(3)R antagonist recently progressed in Phase I trials. The aim of this study was to establish a model, based on the determination of the occupancy of brain D(3)Rs (O(D(3))(R)) across species, to predict the ability of GSK598809 to reduce nicotine-seeking behavior in humans, here assessed as cigarette craving in smokers. Using ex vivo [(125)I](R)-trans-7-hydroxy-2-[N-propyl-N-(3'-iodo-2'-propenyl)amino] tetralin ([(125)I]7OH-PIPAT) autoradiography and [(11)C]PHNO positron emission tomography, we demonstrated a dose-dependent occupancy of the D(3)Rs by GSK598809 in rat, baboon, and human brains. We also showed a direct relationship between O(D(3))(R) and pharmacokinetic exposure, and potencies in line with the in vitro binding affinity. Likewise, GSK598809 dose dependently reduced the expression of nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats, with an effect proportional to the exposure and O(D(3))(R) at every time point, and 100% effect at O(D(3))(R) values 72%. In humans, a single dose of GSK598809, giving submaximal levels (72-89%) of O(D(3))(R), transiently alleviated craving in smokers after overnight abstinence. These data suggest that either higher O(D(3))(R) is required for a full effect in humans or that nicotine-seeking behavior in CPP rats only partially translates into craving for cigarettes in short-term abstinent smokers. In addition, they provide the first clinical evidence of potential efficacy of a selective D(3)R antagonist for the treatment of substance-use disorders.


Assuntos
Comportamento de Procura de Droga/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento de Procura de Droga/fisiologia , Receptores de Dopamina D3/metabolismo , Fumar/tratamento farmacológico , Fumar/metabolismo , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica/métodos , Adulto , Animais , Células CHO , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Antagonistas de Dopamina/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Dopamina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Neurológicos , Papio anubis , Ligação Proteica/fisiologia , Ratos , Receptores de Dopamina D3/antagonistas & inibidores , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/métodos
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