RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to treatment in persistent asthma in Brazil to determine the factors associated with non-adherence and to measure the efficacy of telephone calls in enhancing adherence. In a prospective, multicenter, interventional clinical trial with parallel groups, asthmatics were randomized into an intervention group or a control group. Asthmatics included in the intervention group received an initial telephone call to record demographic information and asthma characterization. After that, biweekly telephone calls were made to promote treatment adherence. Asthmatics included in the control group received only the initial and final telephone calls. Both groups received three packages of salmeterol/fluticasone for 3 months. The main outcome measure was the percentage of participants who took the prescribed doses of the drug. A total of 271 patients were included. The overall adherence rate was 51.9% for the control group and 74.3% for the intervention group. This meant a reduction of relative risk (RRR) of 47% (p < 0.001). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 4.5. The only variable associated with better adherence was severe persistent asthma. A low-cost easily implemented intervention, tailored to each individual, enhanced the adherence rate among Brazilian asthmatic patients.
Assuntos
Antiasmáticos/administração & dosagem , Antiasmáticos/economia , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Asma/economia , Cooperação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistemas de Alerta/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Asma/diagnóstico , Brasil , Criança , Intervalos de Confiança , Análise Custo-Benefício , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Probabilidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Testes de Função Respiratória , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The clinical effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in real-life settings has yet to be evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of bupropion in general clinical practice for smoking cessation and to identify predictors of failure. METHODS: In an open, non-randomised study, smokers were recruited at the Smoking Cessation Clinics, Hospital Sao Lucas, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Subjects participated in a motivational group meeting, completed a standardised questionnaire and Fagerstrom test, and had their vital signs and exhaled CO registered. All participants received a prescription of bupropion and the same cognitive behaviour therapy. They attended eight weekly individual sessions, then monthly until the sixth month and a final session at month 12. The primary outcome measure was the rate of abstinence at 12 months. The predictor factors studied were sex, age, educational level, nicotine dependence, previous attempts and comorbidities. RESULTS: Among 253 smokers (62.5% females), abstinence rates at 6 months were 20.8% for males and 22.7% for females. The success rates dropped to 13.9% and 14.3% for males and females, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive therapy plus bupropion for smoking cessation in real-life clinics in Brazil were similar to the efficacy found in clinical trials. No significant gender differences in success rates were found.
