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1.
J Anesth Analg Crit Care ; 2(1): 25, 2022 Jun 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37386611

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic treatment for achalasia (POEM) is a recently introduced technique that incorporates the concepts of natural orifice transluminal surgery. Although pediatric achalasia is rare, POEM has been episodically used in children since 2012. Despite this procedure entails many implications for airway management and mechanical ventilation, evidences about anesthesiologic management are very poor. We conducted this retrospective study to pay attention on the clinical challenge for pediatric anesthesiologists. We put special emphasis on the risk in intubation maneuvers and in ventilation settings. RESULTS: We retrieved data on children 18 years old and younger who underwent POEM in a single tertiary referral endoscopic center between 2012 and 2021. Demographics, clinical history, fasting status, anesthesia induction, airway management, anesthesia maintenance, timing of anesthesia and procedure, PONV, and pain treatment and adverse events were retrieved from the original database. Thirty-one patients (3-18 years) undergoing POEM for achalasia were analyzed. In 30 of the 31 patients, rapid sequence induction was performed. All patients manifested consequences of endoscopic CO2 insufflation and most of them required a new ventilator approach. No life-threatening adverse events have been detected. CONCLUSIONS: POEM procedure seems to be characterized by a low-risk profile, but specials precaution must be taken. The inhalation risk is actually due to the high rate of full esophagus patients, even if the Rapid Sequence Induction was effective in preventing ab ingestis pneumonia. Mechanical ventilation may be difficult during the tunnelization step. Future prospective trials will be necessary to individuate the better choices in such a special setting.

2.
J Anesth ; 31(1): 51-57, 2017 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27743121

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This retrospective study aims to compare postoperative pain relief offered by continuous intravenous infusion of either fentanyl or morphine. METHODS: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I and II women who had undergone open gynecological surgery were enrolled. All patients received total intravenous postoperative analgesia for 24 h with continuous infusion of either fentanyl or morphine at comparable doses (38 patients received 0.3 µg/kg/h fentanyl and 22 received 0.02 mg/kg/h morphine). The primary endpoint was the need for analgesic rescue therapy during the postoperative period as assessed by an experienced nurse blinded to the design of the study, while the time to gastrointestinal bowel recovery was the main safety outcome measure. Visual analog scale was used to evaluate postoperative pain. Ramsay sedation score, multiparametric monitoring, bowel function and adverse effects were also recorded at 1, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after the end of surgery. RESULTS: Data analysis showed that four patients (10 %) in the fentanyl group versus eight patients (36 %) in the morphine group needed to be treated with analgesic rescue drugs [unadjusted OR for fentanyl 0.2 (0.05-0.80); p = 0.02]. Patients treated with fentanyl showed a faster gastrointestinal recovery [1 (1-2) vs 3 (2.7-4) days; p < 0.001] and a shorter hospital length of stay [4 (3-5) vs 5.5 (5-7.2) days; p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: In low-risk patients undergoing open gynecological surgery, continuous intravenous infusion of both fentanyl and morphine for postoperative pain relief is effective. In our cohort of patients, continuous intravenous infusion of fentanyl was associated with lower need for analgesic rescue drug, faster bowel recovery and shorter hospital length of stay.


Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Fentanila/administração & dosagem , Fentanila/uso terapêutico , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia , Morfina/administração & dosagem , Morfina/uso terapêutico , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente , Analgésicos Opioides/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Coortes , Sedação Consciente , Determinação de Ponto Final , Feminino , Fentanila/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Tempo de Internação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Retrospectivos
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