RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the knowledge about the different characteristics of and the use of extrinsic feedback (EF) by Brazilian physical therapists. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, and we used an internet-based survey with questions about knowledge and application of extrinsic feedback in clinical practice. We analyzed the responses in relation to the best available evidence on motor control and learning. We recruited Brazilian registered physical therapists from different regions in Brazil. Participants' demographics and survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-six Brazilian physical therapists participated in the study. Most participants affirmed not knowing the definition of EF (55.69%), confirmed using some form of EF in their clinical practice (86.59%), and reported using it in 50% to 90% of their patients (26.42%). Brazilian physical therapists reported using mainly summary feedback (69.10%) with external focus of attention (63.41%). Participants reported using concurrent feedback (82.83%) and delivered it after every exercise repetition (63.82%). Most participants (43.09%) did not assess learning retention. Answers were similar regardless of education level or time from graduation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this survey suggest that Brazilian physical therapists do not have sufficient knowledge about the different characteristics of EF; however, they do consider EF useful and use it for most of their patients. Brazilian physical therapists adopted adequate content characteristics of EF but not adequate use of timing characteristics of EF.
Assuntos
Fisioterapeutas , Humanos , Brasil , Retroalimentação , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
RESUMO O movimento de remada representa 51,4% do tempo total de prática do surfe, gerando alta demanda muscular do complexo do ombro. Apesar disso, há uma lacuna na literatura sobre a prevalência de dor e discinese escapular (DE) em surfistas. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a prevalência de dor no ombro em surfistas amadores do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo observacional descritivo transversal. Foram incluídos 21 homens, com idade entre 18 e 42 anos, que praticassem surfe há no mínimo dois anos. Os desfechos avaliados foram DE estática, DE dinâmica, dor no ombro - através da escala numérica da dor -, comprimento do músculo peitoral menor, e escore no The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. As variáveis contínuas foram apresentadas em média e desvio-padrão. As variáveis categóricas foram expressas em percentual. Associações dos dados foram testadas através do teste qui-quadrado e do teste de correlação de Pearson. A DE estava presente em 71,4% da amostra, tendo uma maior prevalência a discinesia do tipo I (57,1%), e 42,9% apresentaram dor no ombro durante o momento da avaliação. DE foi observada na maioria da população estudada, enquanto dor foi apresentada por pouco menos da metade dos participantes. Embora a DE seja um achado muito prevalente em surfistas amadores, não foi observada correlação com dor e redução da qualidade de vida.
RESUMEN El movimiento del remo representa el 51,4% del tiempo total de práctica de surf, generando una alta demanda muscular del complejo del hombro. Sin embargo, existe una brecha en la literatura sobre la prevalencia del dolor y la discinese escapular (DE) en los surfistas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la prevalencia de DE y dolor de hombro en surfistas aficionados del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Se incluyeron 21 hombres de 18 a 42 años que habían surfeando durante al menos 2 años. Los resultados evaluados fueron DE estática, DE dinámica, dolor de hombro usando la escala numérica de dolor, longitud del pectoral menor y puntaje en The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Las variables continuas se presentaron como media y desviación estándar. Las variables categóricas se expresaron como porcentaje. Las asociaciones de datos se probaron utilizando la Prueba Chi-cuadrado y el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson. La DE estaba presente en el 71,4% de la muestra, con una mayor prevalencia de discinesia tipo I (57,1%) y el 42,9% tenía dolor de hombro durante la evaluación. DE se observó en la mayoría de la población de estudio, mientras que el dolor en poco menos de la mitad de los participantes. Aunque el DE es un hallazgo muy frecuente en los surfistas, no hubo correlación con el dolor y la reducción de la calidad de vida.
ABSTRACT The paddling movement represents 51.4% of total surfing practice time, generating high muscle demand for the shoulder complex. Despite this, there is a gap on the literature on the prevalence of pain and scapular dyskinesis (SD) in surfers. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of SD and shoulder pain in amateur surfers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The sample consisted of 21 men, aged between 18 and 42 years, surfing for at least two years. The outcomes evaluated were static SD, dynamic SD, shoulder pain - by the numerical pain rating scale -, pectoralis minor muscle length, and score on the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Continuous variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages. Data associations were tested through chi-square test and Pearson correlation test. SD was present in 71.4% of the sample, with a higher prevalence of Type I dyskinesia (57.1%), and 42.9% presented shoulder pain during evaluation. SD was observed in most of the studied population, while pain was present in just under half of the participants. Although SD is a very prevalent find in amateur surfers, no correlation was observed between pain and reduced life quality.
