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1.
J Robot Surg ; 15(1): 105-114, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32367438

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Incidental Prostate cancer (iPCa) is a relatively common finding during histopathological evaluation of radical cystectomy (RC) specimens. To reduce the high impact of RC on erectile function, several sexual-preserving techniques have been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the oncologic outcomes of patients with iPCa who underwent nerve spring and no-nerve sparing robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). METHODS: The clinicopathologic data of male patients who underwent RARC at our institution between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively analysed. Patients with iPCa at definitive pathological examinations were stratified in two groups, according to the preservation of the neurovascular bundles (nerve sparing vs no nerve sparing). Significant PCa was defined as any Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4. Biochemical recurrence (BR) was defined as a sustained PSA level > 0.2 ng/mL on two or more consecutive appraisals. BR rate was assessed only in patients with incidental prostate cancer and at least 2 years of follow-up. Differences in categorical and continuous variables were analysed using the chi-squared test and the Mann-Withney U test, respectively. Biochemical recurrence curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the Log-rank test. RESULTS: Overall, 343 male patients underwent RARC for bladder cancer within the study period. Nerve-sparing surgery was performed in 143 patients (41%), of these 110 had at least 2 years of follow up after surgery. Patients who underwent nerve-sparing surgery were significantly younger (p < 0.001). Clinically significant PCa was found in 24% of patients. No significant differences regarding preoperative PSA value (p = 0.3), PCa pathological stage (p = 0.5), Gleason score (p = 0.3) and positive surgical margin rates (p = 0.3) were found between the two groups. After a median follow-up of 51 months only one patient, in the no-nerve-sparing group had developed a biochemical recurrence (p = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: In our series most of the iPca detected in RC specimens can be considered as insignificant with a low rate of BR (0.9%). Nerve-sparing RARC is a safe procedure which did not affect oncological outcomes of patients with iPCa.


Assuntos
Cistectomia/métodos , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Idoso , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Margens de Excisão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
World J Urol ; 38(1): 143-150, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30993426

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Basophils, eosinophils and monocytes may be involved in BCG-induced immune responses and be associated with outcomes of bladder cancer patients receiving intravesical BCG. Our objective was to explore the association of baseline counts of basophils, eosinophils and monocytes with outcomes of patients with high-grade T1 bladder cancer receiving a standard course of intravesical BCG. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with primary T1 HG/G3 bladder cancer. After re-TURBT, patients were treated with a 6-week course of intravesical BCG induction followed by intravesical BCG every week for 3 weeks given at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months from initiation of therapy The analysis of potential risk factors for recurrence, muscle invasion and cancer-specific and overall survival was performed using univariable Cox regression models. Those factors that presented, at univariate analysis, an association with the event at a liberal p < 0.1, have been selected for the development of a multivariable model. RESULTS: A total of 1045 patients with primary T1 HG/G3 were included. A total of 678 (64.9%) recurrences, 303 (29.0%) progressions and 150 (14.3%) deaths were observed during follow-up. Multivariate analysis showed that logarithmic transformation of basophils count was associated with a 30% increment in the hazard of recurrence per unit increase of logarithmic basophils count (HR 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.54; p = 0.0026). Basophil count modeled by quartiles was also significantly associated with time to recurrence [second vs. lower quartile HR 1.42 (1.12-1.79); p = 0.003, third vs. lower quartile HR 1.26 (1.01-1.57); p = 0.041; upper vs. lower quartile HR 1.36 (1.1-1.68); p = 0.005]. The limitations of a retrospective study are applicable. CONCLUSION: Baseline basophil count may predict recurrence in BCG-treated HG/G3 T1 bladder cancer patients. External validation is warranted.


Assuntos
Vacina BCG/administração & dosagem , Basófilos/patologia , Cistectomia/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Estadiamento de Neoplasias/métodos , Neutrófilos/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Administração Intravesical , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia
4.
J Robot Surg ; 14(2): 261-269, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31124038

RESUMO

The aim of the study is to report surgical and early functional outcomes of first 100 patients undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with totally intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) in a single center. The main surgeon (A.P.) attended a modular training program at a referring center mentored by a worldwide-recognized robotic surgeon (P.W.). The program consisted of: (a) 10 h of theoretical lessons; (b) video session (c) step-by-step in vivo modular training. Each procedure was performed as taught, without any technique variation. Demographics, intra-operative data and post-operative complications, along with early functional outcomes, were recorded for each patient. We retrospectively evaluated the first consecutive 100 patients submitted to RARC with totally ICUD from July 2015 to December 2018. Median age at surgery was 69 years (IQR 60-74). 52 (52%), 32 (32%), and 17 (17%) patients received orthotopic neobladder, ileal conduit and uretero-cutaneostomy, respectively. Median operative time was 410 min. A median number of lymph nodes retrieved were 27 and median estimated blood loss was 240 mL with median hospitalization time of 7 days. All procedures were completed successfully without open conversion. A statistically significant improvement was found in the late (30-90 post-operative days) post-operative complications (p = 0.02) and operative time for urinary derivation. At multivariate logistic regression model ASA score ≥ 3 (OR = 4.2, p = 0.002) and number of lymph nodes retrieved (OR = 1.16, p = 0.02) were found to be predictors of 90-day complications. An adequate modular training is paramount to obtain successful results and reduce the learning curve of RARC, as demonstrated by our experience.


Assuntos
Cistectomia/educação , Cistectomia/métodos , Curva de Aprendizado , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/educação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Derivação Urinária/educação , Derivação Urinária/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 44(1): 63-68, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-892940

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives The aim of our study is to present early outcomes of our series of retroperitoneal-RAPN (Robot Assisted Partial Nephrectomy). Materials and methods From September 2010 until December 2015, we performed 81 RAPN procedures (44 at left kidney and 37 at right). Average size was 3cm (1-9). Average PADUA score 7.1 (5-10). Average surgical time (overall and only robot time), ischemia time, blood loss, pathological stage, complications and hospital stay have been recorded. Results All of the cases were completed successfully without any operative complication or surgical conversion. Average surgical time was 177 minutes (75-340). Operative time was 145 minutes (80-300), overall blood loss was 142cc (60-310cc). In 30 cases the pedicle was late clamped with an average ischemia time of 4 minutes (2-7). None of the patient had positive surgical margins at definitive histology (49pT1a, 12pT1b, 3pT2a, 2pT3a). Hospital stay was 3 days (2-7). Conclusions The retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy approach is safe and allows treatment of even quite complex tumors. It also combines the already well known advantages guaranteed by the da Vinci® robotic surgical system, with the advantages of the retroperitoneoscopic approach.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Espaço Retroperitoneal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
6.
Int Braz J Urol ; 44(1): 63-68, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29211396

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to present early outcomes of our series of retroperitoneal-RAPN (Robot Assisted Partial Nephrectomy). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 2010 until December 2015, we performed 81 RAPN procedures (44 at left kidney and 37 at right). Average size was 3cm (1-9). Average PADUA score 7.1 (5-10). Average surgical time (overall and only robot time), ischemia time, blood loss, pathological stage, complications and hospital stay have been recorded. RESULTS: All of the cases were completed successfully without any operative complication or surgical conversion. Average surgical time was 177 minutes (75-340). Operative time was 145 minutes (80-300), overall blood loss was 142cc (60-310cc). In 30 cases the pedicle was late clamped with an average ischemia time of 4 minutes (2-7). None of the patient had positive surgical margins at definitive histology (49pT1a, 12pT1b, 3pT2a, 2pT3a). Hospital stay was 3 days (2-7). CONCLUSIONS: The retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy approach is safe and allows treatment of even quite complex tumors. It also combines the already well known advantages guaranteed by the da Vinci® robotic surgical system, with the advantages of the retroperitoneoscopic approach.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Espaço Retroperitoneal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Eur J Hybrid Imaging ; 1(1): 5, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29782589

RESUMO

PURPOSE: 11C-choline PET/CT is a widely-used tool for the diagnostic of prostate cancer (PCa). In literature, a great variability of local relapse (LR) detection rate is reported. The aim of this study is to provide positivity criteria for 11C-choline PET/CT detection of LR in patients who had surgery for PCa and presented prostate specific antigen (PSA) failure. METHODS: Sixty patients radically treated for PCa and presenting PSA failure were retrospectively analysed. Two Nuclear Medicine Physicians revised the 11C-choline PET/CT scans and defined by consensus if even mild focal uptake was present in the prostate bed (PB) and bladder-urethral junction (BUJ) along midline, regardless the previous report results.The results were subsequently correlated with a clinical and radiological follow up (FU) of 1 to 2 year and with TNM staging, Gleason score (GS), PSA level at relapse, radiotherapy (RT) and hormone therapy (HT) after surgery. RESULTS: There was focal uptake in 22/60 patients; 11 of them were true positive and 11 false positive. The PSA level showed a tight connection with the true positivity/negativity of Choline scan. Most of true positive cases (10/11 patients) presented a PSA ≥ 1 ng/ml, while approximately half of the false positive cases (5/11 patients) presented PSA below 1 ng/ml. The other variables were not correlated to Choline detection rate for LR. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that an even mild focal uptake of Choline in the PB and BUJ along midline must be considered suspicious for LR in patients radically treated for PCa, especially if they are presenting with PSA level > 1 ng/ml.

8.
Eur J Surg Oncol ; 43(4): 823-830, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27876194

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze postoperative complications and to assess for significant predictive factors during partial nephrectomy (PN) using a large multicenter dataset. METHODS: Patients who underwent PN for clinical T1 renal tumors at 19 urological Italian centers (Registry of Conservative Renal Surgery [RECORd] project) were evaluated between 2009 and 2012. Anthropometric data, comorbidities and perioperative outcomes were analyzed. Complications were divided as intra- and postoperative, medical and surgical, as appropriate. The severity of postoperative complications was graded according to the modified Clavien classification system. Patients who experienced intraoperative complications were excluded from the analyses for the potential confounding effect in the evaluation of predicting factors for postoperative complications. RESULTS: Overall, 979 patients were analyzed: open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted (available since 2011) surgical approaches were used in 522 (56.4%), 286 (30.9%) and 117 (12.6%) cases, respectively. Surgical postoperative complications were reported in 121 (13.1%) cases (32 (3.5%) were Clavien 3), medical were reported in 52 (5.6%) cases (3 (0.3%) were Clavien 3). No Clavien 4 complications were reported. At multivariable analysis, ECOG score ≥1 (OR 1.98; p = 0.002), lower preoperative hemoglobin (OR 0.71; p < 0.0001) and open surgical approach (2.91; p = 0.02) were significant predictive factors of overall surgical postoperative complications, ECOG score ≥1 (OR 1.93; p = 0.04) and surgical approach (p = 0.05) were significant predictive factors of Clavien 3 either surgical or medical postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidities and surgical approach should be considered in preoperative evaluation of patients undergoing PN, as they resulted to play a significant role in the occurrence of postoperative complications.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Obstrução Intestinal/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Pneumotórax/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Fístula Urinária/epidemiologia , Idoso , Arritmias Cardíacas/epidemiologia , Transfusão de Sangue , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Comorbidade , Embolização Terapêutica , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Hospitais com Alto Volume de Atendimentos , Hospitais com Baixo Volume de Atendimentos , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparotomia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/epidemiologia , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/terapia , Período Pré-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Reoperação , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
9.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis ; 19(2): 185-90, 2016 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26857023

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction (ED) represents one of the most common long-term side effects in prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (BNSRP). The aim of our study was to assess the influence of non-surgically related causes of ED in patients treated with BNSRP. METHODS: Overall, 716 patients treated with BNSRP were retrospectively identified. All patients had complete data on erectile function (EF) assessed by the Index of Erectile Function-EF domain (IIEF-EF) and depressive status assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) questionnaire. EF recovery was defined as an IIEF-EF of ⩾22. Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed the impact of preoperative IIEF-EF, depression and adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) on the time to EF recovery. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to test the impact of aRT on EF recovery after accounting for depression and baseline IIEF-EF. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 48 months. Patients with a preoperative IIEF-EF of ⩾22 had substantially higher EF recovery rates compared with those with a lower IIEF-EF (P<0.001). Patients with a CES-D of <16 had significantly higher EF recovery rates compared to those with depression (60.8 vs 49.2%; P=0.03). Patients receiving postoperative aRT had lower rates of EF compared with their counterparts left untreated after surgery (40.7 vs 59.8%; P<0.001). These results were confirmed in multivariable analyses, where preoperative IIEF-EF (P<0.001), depression (P=0.04) and aRT (P=0.03) were confirmed as significant predictors of EF recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative functional status and depression should be considered when counseling PCa patients regarding the long-term side effects of BNSRP. Moreover, the administration of aRT has a detrimental effect on the probability of recovering EF after BNSRP. This should be taken into account when balancing the potential benefits and side effects of multimodal therapies in PCa patients.


Assuntos
Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Prostatectomia , Neoplasias da Próstata/complicações , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Idoso , Biópsia , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis ; 18(3): 270-5, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26055663

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To assess whether the addition of clinical Gleason score (Gs) 3+4 to the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS) criteria affects pathologic results in patients who are potentially suitable for active surveillance (AS) and to identify possible clinical predictors of unfavourable outcome. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-nine men who underwent radical prostatectomy with complete clinical and follow-up data and who would have fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the PRIAS protocol at the time of biopsy except for the addition of biopsy Gs=3+4 and with at least 10 cores taken have been evaluated. One experienced genitourinary pathologist selected those with real Gs=3+3 and 3+4 in only one core according to the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology criteria. The primary end point was the proportion of unfavourable outcome (nonorgan confined disease or Gs⩾4+3). Logistic regressions explored the association between preoperative characteristics and the primary end point. RESULTS: Two hundred and four patients were evaluated and 46 (22.5%) patients harboured unfavourable disease at final pathology. After a median follow-up of 73.5 months, there was no cancer-specific death, and 4 (2.0%) patients had biochemical relapse. There were no significant differences in terms of high Gs, locally advanced disease, unfavourable disease and biochemical relapse-free survival among patients with clinical Gs=3+3 vs Gs=3+4. At multivariable analysis, the presence of atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) and lower number of core taken were independently associated with a higher risk of unfavourable disease. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of Gs=3+4 in patients suitable to AS does not enhance the risk of unfavourable disease after radical prostatectomy. Additional factors such as number of cores taken and the presence of ASAP should be considered in patients suitable for AS.


Assuntos
Prostatectomia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Idoso , Biópsia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Próstata/terapia , Curva ROC
12.
Actas urol. esp ; 39(1): 57-62, ene.-feb. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-132178

RESUMO

Introducción: La orquiectomía radical (OR) se considera todavía la opción estándar de atención para los tumores malignos de células germinales, que representan la gran mayoría de las masas testiculares palpables. En pacientes diagnosticados con pequeñas masas testiculares la cirugía conservadora testicular (CCT) podría ser un tratamiento alternativo a la OR. El objetivo de esta revisión actualizada es evaluar las indicaciones actuales para la CCT y debatir los resultados oncológicos y funcionales de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía conservadora testicular por pequeñas masas testiculares. Adquisición de la evidencia: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión no sistemática de la literatura empleando la base de datos Medline, que incluyó un protocolo de texto libre utilizando los términos «cirugía conservadora de los testículos», «cirugía conservadora testicular», «orquiectomía parcial», «tumor de testículo», «tumor del cordón sexual» y «función testicular». También se evaluaron otros estudios significativos citados en las listas de referencia de los trabajos seleccionados. Síntesis de la evidencia: Aún no se ha registrado ningún ensayo controlado aleatorizado comparando la CCT con la OR. En aquellos pacientes con testículos contralaterales normales el uso de la CCT todavía resulta controvertido. En casos seleccionados de masas gonadales < 2 cm la CCT parece ser una opción terapéutica segura y viable. El análisis de secciones congeladas permite distinguir entre neoplasias benignas y malignas durante la CCT. Los resultados del seguimiento a medio y largo plazo no mostraron ningún riesgo significativo de recidiva local y a distancia en las principales series de la literatura. Conclusiones: La CCT es un tratamiento efectivo para las pequeñas masas testiculares en pacientes seleccionados, limitando los sobretratamientos quirúrgicos innecesarios, sin comprometer los resultados oncológicos y funcionales. Se requieren más estudios para confirmar la seguridad oncológica


Introduction: Radical orchiectomy (RO) is still considered the standard of care for malignant germ cell tumors, which represent the vast majority of the palpable testicular masses. In those patients diagnosed with small testicular masses (STMs), testis-sparing surgery (TSS) could be an alternative treatment to RO. The aim of this updated review is to evaluate the current indications for TSS, and discuss the oncological and functional results of patients who had undergone organ-sparing surgery for STMs. Evidence acquisition: A non-systematic review of the Literature using the Medline database has been performed, including a free-text protocol using the terms «testis sparing surgery», «testicular sparing surgery», «partial orchiectomy», «testis tumor», «sex cord tumor», and «testis function». Other significant studies cited in the reference lists of the selected papers were also evaluated. Evidence synthesis: No randomized controlled trials comparing TSS with radical orchiectomy have been reported yet. In those patients with normal contra-lateral testis, the use of TSS is still controversial. In selected cases of gonadal masses < 2 cm, TSS seems to be a safe and feasible treatment option. Frozen section examination allows us to discriminate between benign and malignant neoplasms during TSS. Intermediate and long-term follow-up results showed no significant risk of local and distant recurrences in the main series reported in the literature. Conclusions: TSS is an effective treatment for STMs in selected patients, limiting the unnecessary surgical over-treatments, without compromising the oncological and functional outcomes. Further studies are needed in order to confirm the oncological safety


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirurgia , Orquiectomia/métodos , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica
13.
Eur J Surg Oncol ; 41(3): 346-52, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25583459

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) has become the standard of care for the surgical management of small and clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The conservative management of those RCCs is increasing over time. Aim of this study was to report a snapshot of the clinical, perioperative and oncological results after NSS for RCC in Italy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated all patients who underwent conservative surgical treatment for renal tumours between January 2009 and December 2012 at 19 urological Italian Centers (RECORd project). Perioperative, radiological and histopathological data were recorded. Surgical eras (2009 vs 2012 and year periods 2009-2010 vs 2011-2012) were compared. RESULTS: Globally, 983 patients were evaluated. More recently, patients undergoing NSS were found to be significantly younger (p = 0.05) than those surgically treated in the first study period, with a significantly higher rate of NSS with relative and imperative indication (p < 0.001). More recently, a higher percentage of procedures for cT1b or cT2 renal tumours was observed (p = 0.02). Utilization rate of open partial nephrectomy (OPN) constantly decreased during years, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) remained almost constant while robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) increased. The rate of clampless NSS constantly increased over time. The use of at least one haemostatic agent has been significantly more adopted in the most recent surgical era (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The utilization rate of NSS in Italy is increasing, even in elective and more complex cases. RAPN has been progressively adopted, as well as the intraoperative utilization of haemostatic agents and the rate of clampless procedures.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Néfrons , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Itália , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefrectomia/tendências , Duração da Cirurgia , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/tendências , Estudos Prospectivos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento
14.
Actas Urol Esp ; 39(1): 57-62, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24775811

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Radical orchiectomy (RO) is still considered the standard of care for malignant germ cell tumours, which represent the vast majority of the palpable testicular masses. In those patients diagnosed with small testicular masses (STMs), testis-sparing surgery (TSS) could be an alternative treatment to RO. The aim of this updated review is to evaluate the current indications for TSS, and discuss the oncological and functional results of patients who had undergone organ-sparing surgery for STMs. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A non-systematic review of the Literature using the Medline database has been performed, including a free-text protocol using the terms "testis-sparing surgery", "testicular sparing surgery", "partial orchiectomy", "testis tumour", "sex cord tumour", and "testis function". Other significant studies cited in the reference lists of the selected papers were also evaluated. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: No randomized controlled trials comparing TSS with radical orchiectomy have been reported yet. In those patients with normal contra-lateral testis, the use of TSS is still controversial. In selected cases of gonadal masses < 2 cm, TSS seems to be a safe and feasible treatment option. Frozen section examination allows us to discriminate between benign and malignant neoplasms during TSS. Intermediate and long-term follow-up results showed no significant risk of local and distant recurrences in the main series reported in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: TSS is an effective treatment for STMs in selected patients, limiting the unnecessary surgical over-treatments, without compromising the oncological and functional outcomes. Further studies are needed in order to confirm the oncological safety.


Assuntos
Tratamento Conservador , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Orquiectomia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Neoplasias Testiculares/patologia , Testículo , Resultado do Tratamento
15.
Actas urol. esp ; 38(7): 421-428, sept. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126161

RESUMO

Objetivos: Evaluar la influencia de la preservación del esfínter interno muscular y la uretra proximal en la recuperación de la continencia después de la prostatectomía radical (PR). Material y métodos: Cincuenta y cinco pacientes consecutivos con cáncer de próstata confinado al órgano se sometieron a PR con preservación del esfínter interno muscular y la uretra proximal (grupo 1), y se compararon con 55 pacientes sometidos a un procedimiento estándar (grupo 2). Las tasas de continencia se evaluaron mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado a los 3, 7 y 30 días y 3 y 12 meses después de la retirada del catéter. Resultados: El grupo 1 tuvo una recuperación más rápida de la continencia que el grupo 2 a los 3 días (50,9 vs. 25,5%; p = 0,005), a los 7 días (78,2 vs. 58,2%; p = 0,020), a los 30 días (80,0 vs. 61,8%; p = 0,029) y a los 3 meses (81,8 vs. 61,8%; p = 0,017); no hubo diferencia estadísticamente en términos de continencia a los 12 meses entre los 2 grupos. El análisis de regresión logística multivariante de la continencia mostró que la técnica quirúrgica se asoció significativamente con un tiempo temprano hasta la continencia a los 3 y 7 días. Ninguno de los 2 grupos presentó diferencias significativas en cuanto a márgenes quirúrgicos. Conclusiones: Nuestra técnica modificada de PR con preservación del esfínter interno muscular liso, así como de la uretra proximal durante la disección del cuello de la vejiga, dio como resultado un aumento de la continencia urinaria temprana a los 3, 7 y 30 días y 3 meses después de la retirada del catéter. La técnica no aumenta la tasa de márgenes positivos ni la duración del procedimiento


Objectives: To evaluate the influence of preservation of the muscular internal sphincter and proximal urethra on continence recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and methods: Fifty-five consecutive patients with organ confined prostate cancer were submitted to RP with the preservation of muscular internal sphincter and the proximal urethra (group 1) and compared to 55 patients submitted to standard procedure (group 2). Continence rates were assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire at 3, 7, 30 days and 3, 12 months after removal of the catheter. Results: Group 1 had a faster recovery of continence than group 2 at 3 days (50.9% vs. 25.5%; p = 0.005), at 7 days (78.2% vs. 58.2%; p = 0.020), at 30 days (80.0% vs. 61.8%; p = 0.029) and at 3 months (81.8% vs. 61.8%; p = 0.017); there were no statistical difference in terms of continence at 12 months among the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of continence showed that surgical technique was significantly associated with earlier time to continence at 3 and 7 days. The two groups had no significant differences in terms of surgical margins. Conclusions: Our modified technique of RP with preservation of smooth muscular internal sphincter as well as of the proximal urethra during bladder neck dissection resulted in significantly increased early urinary continence at 3, 7, 30 days and 3 months after catheter removal. The technique does not increase the rate of positive margins and the duration of the procedure


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Incontinência Urinária/prevenção & controle , Uretra/cirurgia , Seleção de Pacientes
16.
Eur J Surg Oncol ; 40(12): 1716-23, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25085795

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To offer a comprehensive account of surgical outcomes on a defined series of patients treated with radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) for prostate cancer in a single European Center after 5-year minimum follow-up according to the Survival, Continence and Potency (SCP) system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated our Institutional database of patients who underwent RRP from November 1995 to September 2008. Oncological and functional outcomes were reported according to the recently proposed SCP system. RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rates were 80.1% and 55.8%, respectively. At the end of follow-up, 611 (78.5%) patients were fully continent (C0), 107 (13.8%) used 1 pad for security (C1) and 60 (7.7%) patients were incontinent (C2). Of the 112 patients who underwent nerve-sparing RRP, 22 (19.6%) were fully potent without aids (P0), 13 (11.6%) were potent with assumption of PDE-5 inhibitors (P1) and 77 (68.8%) experienced erectile dysfunction (P2). The combined SCP outcomes were reported together only in 95 (12.2%) evaluable patients. In patients preoperatively continent and potent, who received a nerve-sparing and did not require adjuvant therapy, oncological and functional success was attained by 29 (30.5%) patients. In the subgroup of 508 patients not evaluable for potency recovery, oncological and continence outcomes were obtained in 357 patients (70.3%). CONCLUSION: Survival, Continence and Potency (SCP) classification offer a comprehensive report of surgical results, even in those patients who do not represent the best category, thus allowing to provide a much more accurate evaluation of outcomes after RP.


Assuntos
Disfunção Erétil/epidemiologia , Prostatectomia/efeitos adversos , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Incontinência Urinária/epidemiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Incontinência Urinária/etiologia
17.
Actas urol. esp ; 38(5): 313-318, jun. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-122259

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar las correlaciones entre puntuaciones PADUA y RENAL, TIC y complicaciones postoperatorias en una cohorte de pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía de conservación de nefronas por elección abierta o mínimamente invasiva para el carcinoma de células renales. Material y métodos: Analizamos 96 pacientes consecutivos que fueron sometidos a nefrectomía parcial por carcinoma de células renales entre 2004 y 2013 en nuestra institución. La prueba de Spearman se utilizó para comparar variables categóricas. Para todos los análisis estadísticos un valor de p < 0,05 de 2 caras se consideró estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: La mediana de puntuación PADUA (RI) fue de 7 (7-8) y la puntuación RENAL mediana (RI) fue de 7 (6-8). La mediana de tiempo de isquemia caliente (RI) fue de 14 min (8-20). Se encontraron complicaciones postoperatorias de grado bajo y alto en 27 (28,1%) y 6 (6,3%) pacientes, respectivamente. Las categorías de grupos de riesgo de PADUA se correlacionaron significativamente con TIC > 20 min y las complicaciones postoperatorias de alto grado, respectivamente (p = 0,04), independientemente del abordaje quirúrgico. Las categorías de grupos de riesgo RENAL predijeron significativamente más tiempo de pinzamiento hiliar en nuestra cohorte (p = 0,04), pero no se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas con las complicaciones postoperatorias de alto grado. Conclusiones: En nuestra serie retrospectiva las puntuaciones nefrométricas demostraron predecir significativamente mayor tiempo de isquemia caliente y mayores complicaciones postoperatorias, especialmente en aquellos pacientes con tumores renales más difíciles y complejos. Por lo tanto, al planificar realizar la nefrectomía parcial los urólogos deberían utilizar ampliamente estas herramientas completas


Objective: To evaluate the correlations between PADUA and RENAL scores, WIT and postoperative complications in a cohort of patients who underwent elective open or minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma. Materials and methods: We analyzed 96 consecutive patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma between 2004 and 2013 at our Institution. The Spearman test was used to compare categorical variables. For all statistical analyses, a two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The median (IQR) PADUA score was 7 (7-8) and the median (IQR) RENAL score was 7 (6-8). The median (IQR) warm ischemia time was 14 min (8-20). Low grade and high grade postoperative complications were found in 27 (28.1%) and 6 (6.3%) patients, respectively. PADUA risk group categories significantly correlated with WIT > 20 min and high grade postoperative complications, respectively (p = 0.04), regardless of the surgical approach. RENAL risk group categories significantly predicted longer hilar clamping time in our cohort (p = 0.04), but no statistically significant correlations with high grade postoperative complications were found. Conclusions: In our retrospective series nephrometric scores demonstrated to significantly predict longer warm ischemia time and higher postoperative complications, especially in those patients with more challenging and complex renal tumors. Therefore, when planning to perform partial nephrectomy, urologists should widely use these comprehensive tools


Assuntos
Humanos , Isquemia Quente , Nefrectomia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
18.
Actas Urol Esp ; 38(7): 421-8, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24674580

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of preservation of the muscular internal sphincter and proximal urethra on continence recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-five consecutive patients with organ confined prostate cancer were submitted to RP with the preservation of muscular internal sphincter and the proximal urethra (group 1) and compared to 55 patients submitted to standard procedure (group 2). Continence rates were assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire at 3, 7, 30 days and 3, 12 months after removal of the catheter. RESULTS: Group 1 had a faster recovery of continence than group 2 at 3 days (50.9% vs. 25.5%; P=.005), at 7 days (78.2% vs. 58.2%; P=.020), at 30 days (80.0% vs. 61.8%; P=.029) and at 3 months (81.8% vs. 61.8%; P=.017); there were no statistically difference in terms of continence at 12 months among the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of continence showed that surgical technique was significantly associated with earlier time to continence at 3 and 7 days. The two groups had no significant differences in terms of surgical margins. CONCLUSIONS: Our modified technique of RP with preservation of smooth muscular internal sphincter as well as of the proximal urethra during bladder neck dissection resulted in significant increased early urinary continence at 3, 7, 30 days and 3 months after catheter removal. The technique does not increase the rate of positive margins and the duration of the procedure.


Assuntos
Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão , Prostatectomia/métodos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Uretra , Bexiga Urinária , Micção , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
19.
Eur J Surg Oncol ; 40(6): 762-8, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24529794

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To compare simple enucleation (SE) and standard partial nephrectomy (SPN) in terms of surgical results in a multicenter dataset (RECORd Project). MATERIALS AND METHODS: patients treated with nephron sparing surgery (NSS) for clinical T1 renal tumors between January 2009 and January 2011 were evaluated. Overall, 198 patients who underwent SE were retrospectively matched to 198 patients who underwent SPN. The SPN and SE groups were compared regarding intraoperative, early post-operative and pathologic outcome variables. Multivariable analysis was applied to analyze predictors of positive surgical margin (PSM) status. RESULTS: SE was associated with similar WIT (18 vs 17.8 min), lower intraoperative blood loss (177 vs 221 cc, p = 0.02) and shorter operative time (121 vs 147 min; p < 0.0001). Surgical approach (laparoscopic vs. open), tumor size and type of indication (elective/relative vs absolute) were associated with WIT >20 min. The incidence of PSM was significantly lower in patients treated with SE (1.4% vs 6.9%; p = 0.02). At multivariable analysis, PSM was related to the surgical technique, with a 4.7-fold increased risk of PSM for SPN compared to SE. The incidence of overall, medical and surgical complications was similar between SE and SPN. CONCLUSIONS: Type of NSS technique (SE vs SPN) adopted has a negligible impact on WIT and postoperative morbidity but SE seems protective against PSM occurrence.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Idoso , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Itália/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Masculino , Análise por Pareamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Pontuação de Propensão , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
20.
Actas Urol Esp ; 38(5): 313-8, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24565512

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlations between PADUA and RENAL scores, WIT and postoperative complications in a cohort of patients who underwent elective open or minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed 96 consecutive patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma between 2004 and 2013 at our Institution. The Spearman test was used to compare categorical variables. For all statistical analyses, a two-sided P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The median (IQR) PADUA score was 7 (7-8) and the median (IQR) RENAL score was 7 (6-8). The median (IQR) warm ischemia time was 14 min (8-20). Low grade and high grade postoperative complications were found in 27 (28.1%) and 6 (6.3%) patients, respectively. PADUA risk group categories significantly correlated with WIT > 20 minutes and high grade postoperative complications, respectively (P = .04), regardless of the surgical approach. RENAL risk group categories significantly predicted longer hilar clamping time in our cohort (P = .04), but no statistically significant correlations with high grade postoperative complications were found. CONCLUSIONS: In our retrospective series nephrometric scores demonstrated to significantly predict longer warm ischemia time and higher postoperative complications, especially in those patients with more challenging and complex renal tumors. Therefore, when planning to perform partial nephrectomy, urologists should widely use these comprehensive tools.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Isquemia Quente , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Isquemia Quente/métodos
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