[Hypochondriasis: mechanisms of a disorder in the light of psychoanalytical concepts]. / Hipochondria--mechanizm zaburzenia w swietle koncepcji psychoanalitycznych.

This paper presents the mechanisms of hypochondria from the perspective of different theoretical orientations in psychoanalysis. The authors analyze the significance of narcissism, the death instinct (mainly from the perspective of Melanie Klein's school) and the masochistic tendencies, in hypochondria. The paper presents the views of various psychoanalytical authors on the links between hypochondria and other mental disorders. The authors also present the theory and empirical data, showing the connection between somatoform disorders and the traumatic experiences in childhood. The authors stress the importance of the contribution of different theoretical schools in psychoanalysis to the understanding of the intra psychic work of hypochondria.

Treatment of pathological crying with citalopram.

Pathological laughing and/or crying may occur as a concomitant symptom of various diseases of the central nervous system. No known anatomical basis for any of these disorders exists at present. However, references to a disturbance in central serotoninergic neurotransmission have become frequent in the literature, implicating this as an important etiological factor. In the present communication three cases of successful treatment of pathological crying using the SSRI citalopram are reported. Besides the response of pathological crying in cerebral ischemia to SSRIs, which has already been described in earlier publications, this is the first report on the successful administration of citalopram for treating pathological crying in Parkinson's disease. Onset of response was very rapid in all cases.

[Searching new diagnostic and rehabilitation techniques in small deaf children]. / W poszukiwaniu nowych metod diagnostyki i rehabilitacji malych dzieci gluchych.

In the generally accepted model of the diagnosis and rehabilitation in small deaf children, the main concern of various specialists is focused on the development of speech and hearing abilities. In our approach, we propose another perspective, in which the deaf child is not seen as an object of the speech education and where the specialists concentrate on the child as a whole--with his various emotional needs and psychical traits. According to that way of seeing the deaf child, we organized the diagnostic-rehabilitation courses for small deaf children and their parents (9 children aged 1.8-5 years). We found these courses as a method opening new perspectives in the process of the diagnosis and rehabilitation in the small deaf children.