Cutaneous Expression of Familial Cancer Syndromes.

Genodermatoses are inherited syndromes with cutaneous manifestations. Some genodermatoses are associated with malignancy of internal organs and tissues. Early detection of the typical signs of these syndromes is important, because those lesions are a sign of underlying predisposition to extracutaneous neoplasms. The dermatologist has an important role in the early detection of these signs and syndromes, as early detection may affect the clinical course of the disease. We report here the characteristic cutaneous findings that dermatologists should be aware of in order to identify a genodermatosis with a possible associated malignancy. An updated overview of the pathogenesis and clinical findings of these syndromes is provided. Furthermore, surveillance protocols and treatment recommendations are explored.

Skin Cancer Associated Genodermatoses: A Literature Review.

Skin cancer has become the most common type of cancer worldwide as a result of environmental exposure and medical treatments. A small group of patients are genetically predisposed to skin cancer and this article is intended as a diagnostic tool when encountering patients with multiple skin cancer lesions. The disorders are described with clinical characteristics, genetics and management. The most common syndromes associated with basal cell carcinoma are: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, Rombo syndrome, and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndrome. Multiple squamous cell carcinomas can be related to: xeroderma pigmentosum, Ferguson-Smith, Muir-Torre syndrome, Mibelli-type porokeratosis, keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, Bloom syndrome, and epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Malignant melanoma can be inherited, as in familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome.

Silicone implant incompatibility syndrome (SIIS) in a 57-year-old woman with unilateral silicone breast implant.

Since the 1960s, silicone implants have been used for breast augmentations, both cosmetically and in reconstructive surgery. Tissue exposed to silicone can react with multiple adverse advents. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants due to silicone exposure from ruptured silicone implants can lead to different interstitial lung manifestations predominantly with granuloma evolvement, leading to the so-called silicone implant incompatibility syndrome (SIIS). This case describes a 57-year-old woman with multiple lung infiltrations and a left-sided breast implant. The implant had been replaced twice, once due to implant rupture 36 years ago. The nodular infiltrates could not be related to infection, malignancy, interstitial lung disease, vasculitis or connective tissue disorder, and it was concluded that the nodular infiltrations were of inflammatory origin due to an autoimmune response secondary to the silicone implants (SIIS). After explantation, the patient's symptoms subsided and her physical condition has remarkably improved.