A non-statistical atomic model for beam emission and motional Stark effect diagnostics in fusion plasmas.

In this work we analyze magnetic sublevel populations in a neutral beam penetrating a fusion plasma. The collisional-radiative model NOMAD was extended to include magnetic parabolic sublevels with principal quantum numbers n ≤ 10. The collisional parameters were calculated with the advanced atomic-orbital close coupling method and the Glauber approximation. The ionization by the induced electric field was also included in the model. The results of our calculations show significant deviations of the sublevel populations and, accordingly, line intensities of the σ and π components, from the statistical approximation. It is shown, for instance, that for a number of experimental conditions the total intensity of σ components is not equal to the total intensity of π components, which has a strong effect on determination of magnetic field and pitch angle in fusion devices. The results are presented for a wide range of plasma and beam parameters. The most significant deviations are observed for strong magnetic fields and high beam energies typical for the ITER plasma, where component intensity ratios may deviate by more than 20% from the statistical values.

[Hip dislocation and fracture of the femoral head caused by low impact trauma]. / Hüftgelenkluxationsfraktur nach Niedrigenergietrauma.

Hip dislocations and particularly fractures of the femoral head are very rare injuries. Various therapy options are described. So far there has been consensus about the severity of the trauma which has causes this type of injury. This case study presents a type II Pipkin fracture. This specific "accident" was due to low impact trauma, which was previously considered to be insufficient to cause this type of injury. We report on the diagnostic and therapeutic measures and compare this procedure with information from the literature.

[Arthroscopically assisted refixation for avulsion fracture of the intercondylar eminence with Fiber-Wire cerclage]. / Arthroskopisch gestützte Refixation von Ausrissen der Eminentia intercondylica über Fiber-Wire-Cerclagen.

Avulsion fracture of the intercondylar eminence is a rare knee injury. It is found either isolated or connected to other bone or intra-articular injuries. Arthroscopically assisted treatment is nowadays the most common procedure. The refixation of the fragment is technically sophisticated and usually requires a longer period of immobilization. In two patients we used a suture cerclage with extreme tensile strength (Fiber-Wire, Arthrex Inc.) placed through a tibial guide. Using this procedure we combined the advantages of easy implantation, sufficient retention, and thereby the possibility of forced follow-up treatment. The present results are promising.