RESUMO
It has been proposed that intrathyroid lymphocytes, localized in specific anatomical sites might have distinct, pathophysiologically relevant functions in Graves' disease. However, most studies of intrathyroidal lymphocytes were restricted to two lymphocyte locations and used semiquantitative methods. Therefore we used seven anatomically different lymphoid compartments to classify and evaluate by quantitative representative methods the total intrathyroidal lymphocytic infiltration and the staining indexes for immunoglobulin-producing plasmocytes and primed T cells (CD45RO), which provide maximum help to pokeweed mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin synthesis in 36 thyroid glands from patients with Graves' disease. We found only 3.4% of all intrathyroidal lymphocytes intraepithelially. However, only intraepithelial lymphocytes showed a significantly higher staining index for primed T cells compared with several other compartments. There was also a high staining index for immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes in this compartment. Kappa- and lambda-positive plasmocytes were found in a polyclonal distribution (kappa:lambda = 64.1: 35.9) in all compartments. This increased incidence of CD45RO-positive T lymphocytes and of immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes among the intraepithelial lymphocytes suggests a distinct pathophysiological function of lymphocytes in peripolesis in Graves' disease. Furthermore, there is a polyclonal intrathyroidal immunoglobulin synthesis.
Assuntos
Doença de Graves/patologia , Plasmócitos/patologia , Linfócitos T/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Adulto , Antígenos CD/análise , Carbimazol/uso terapêutico , Epitélio/patologia , Doença de Graves/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Graves/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade/análise , Humanos , Cadeias kappa de Imunoglobulina/análise , Cadeias lambda de Imunoglobulina/análise , Imunoglobulinas/biossíntese , Iodo/uso terapêutico , Antígenos Comuns de Leucócito , Plasmócitos/imunologia , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/farmacologia , Propranolol/uso terapêutico , Propiltiouracila/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Serum and Ig samples obtained from a patient with Graves' disease during exacerbation and remission were evaluated in the nu/nu bioassay. Blocking of the exacerbation serum's biological activity was demonstrated by several biological assay parameters after it was mixed with the remission serum. Since this blocking effect can be ascribed to immunoglobulins, anti-idiotypic antibodies in the remission serum and immunoglobulin samples are the most likely cause of this blocking effect. Therefore a role of anti-idiotypic antibodies in the induction of remission in Graves' disease is postulated.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Idiotípicos/sangue , Doença de Graves/imunologia , Animais , Autoanticorpos/biossíntese , Ligação Competitiva , Bioensaio , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Doença de Graves/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Timidina/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/transplante , Glândula Tireoide/ultraestrutura , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
Many compounds which directly or indirectly inhibit gluconeogenesis have been described. Some of them showed hypoglycemic action in animal experiments. 2-(3-Methylcinnamylhydrazono)-Propionat (MCHP) a derivative of hydrazine demonstrated marked hypoglycemic action in animal experiments. Nontheless the administration of MCHP to type II diabetic patients showed no hypoglycemic action. Clinical or biochemical sideeffects could not be observed.
Assuntos
Cinamatos/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Gluconeogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Glibureto/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
In a patient with Graves' disease who underwent thyroidectomy with subsequent radioiodine therapy thyroid receptor antibody could be detected by radioligand assay. No thyroid tissue could be detected by 131I-scintiscanning. Thyroglobulin was repeatedly negative. Biologic activity of this patients serum could be demonstrated in the nude mice bio assay. 131I-incorporation and secretion of human thyroglobulin could be stimulated by injecting thymusdysplastic nude mice with transplants of thyroid tissue from a patient with Graves' disease with the athyroid patients serum. These results demonstrate evidence for extrathyroidal production and biological activity of TRAb in vivo.
Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Doença de Graves/imunologia , Receptores dos Hormônios Tireóideos/imunologia , Adulto , Feminino , Doença de Graves/radioterapia , Doença de Graves/cirurgia , Humanos , Radioisótopos do Iodo , Tireoglobulina/análise , TireoidectomiaAssuntos
Doenças do Sistema Endócrino/etiologia , Hepatopatias/complicações , Glicemia/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus/etiologia , Ergocalciferóis/sangue , Fígado Gorduroso/complicações , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/complicações , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/sangue , Ginecomastia/etiologia , Hormônios Ectópicos/sangue , Humanos , Hiperinsulinismo/etiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Masculino , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/etiologiaRESUMO
The rate of transition from an unstable to a stable complex and the dependence of this on the number of fatty acid ligands present was determined for the binding of warfarin on human serum albumin. When oleate or palmitate was added in amounts up to 2:1 excess to human serum albumin solutions the measured rate constant for the transition (k2) was increased in comparison with fatty acid free albumin. When the fatty acid concentration is further increased, k2 decreases. When the fatty acid level is 2 to 3 mol per mol albumin, the affinity constant (KA) is higher than for fatty acid free solutions. With higher ratios the value for KA is reduced. According to the observed changes in kinetic parameters, the binding of warfarin is apparently affected allosterically. A reduced plasma protein binding of coumarins should be expected when fatty acid levels are raised over a prolonged period.