Cystic hygroma of the arm: a case report and review of the literature.

Cystic hygromas arising outside of the cervicofacial, thoracic, and abdominal areas are extremely rare. Detailed descriptions of this lesions along with its MRI findings, in the extremities are lacking in the literature. The following case report describes such a lesion occurring in the arm.

Synovial chondromatosis simulating neoplastic degeneration of osteochondroma: findings on MRI and CT.

A case is presented of synovial chondromatosis within a bursal sac overlying an osteochondroma in a patient with osteochondromatosis. This condition presented with a symptomatic soft tissue mass containing calcified bodies. It can be mistaken clinically and radiographically for malignant degeneration of an osteochondroma with development of chondrosarcoma. Magnetic resonance findings have not previously been described in this entity and proved helpful in the preoperative diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging was also helpful in defining the extent of the lesion. Ultrasound and other imaging modalities are also discussed, including the pathologic basis for the radiographic findings.

Quantitative perfusion imaging assessing acquired discrete peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis.

We present the case an 8-yr-old boy evaluated for anastomotic stenosis of the right pulmonary artery after surgical repair of hemitruncus at 6 wk of age. Pulmonary angiography revealed only mild narrowing and a 10-mm pressure gradient across the anastomosis, but quantitative perfusion imaging demonstrated that the right lung only received 16% of pulmonary blood flow. Subsequently, balloon angioplasty of the anastomotic site was performed, resulting in complete resolution of the stenosis and gradient. Early postangioplasty perfusion imaging demonstrated increased perfusion of the right lung to 35% of total pulmonary blood flow. It is theorized that initially a chronically hyperperfused lung may develop more capacious vessels and recruit new capillaries during the years of hyperperfusion such that a "perfect" angioplasty may result in less than symmetric perfusion. The inexpensive, noninvasive quantitative perfusion study is more sensitive and accurate in evaluating acquired (postsurgical) pulmonary artery stenoses.

Chest radiograph interpretation and lung cancer: experience at Madigan Army Medical Center.

A retrospective review was performed of previous chest radiographs obtained for a group of patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. In 11 of 49 subselected cases, the lesion was visible on previous chest radiographs (22% missed findings or misinterpretations). This false negative rate was found to be within the range of experience reported by other medical centers. Additionally, patients with abnormalities suggestive of lung cancer were followed prospectively for diagnosis. The percent yield of neoplastic disease was calculated from each category of radiographic abnormality. The overall yield for bronchogenic carcinoma was 20 of 83 cases (24%).