Performance of children with epilepsy on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test: is there an effect of localization or lateralization?

SUMMARY: The effects of lateralization and localization of the epileptic focus, drug load of antiepileptic drug treatment and seizure frequency were examined on the performance of children with epilepsy on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test. Two scoring systems were used, a quantitative and a qualitative system. Sixty-two children with cryptogenic localization-related epilepsy between 6 and 13 years completed the test. No effects were found for lateralization of the epileptic focus, drug load and seizure frequency on test performance. Localization of the epileptic focus appeared to have a significant effect: an epileptic focus in the temporal lobe caused a poorer performance on the copy of the test.

Prevalence of ovarian adrenal rest tumours and polycystic ovaries in females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: results of ultrasonography and MR imaging.

The aim of the investigation was to assess the prevalence of ovarian adrenal rest tumours and polycystic ovaries in female patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Thirteen female CAH patients (median age 19.8 years, range 14.8-23.5 years) underwent transvaginal (n=6) or transabdominal (n=7) ultrasonography by a gynaecologist and MR imaging (n=13) of the ovaries (pre and post contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted images). Ovarian adrenal rest tumours were defined as small hypoechoic and multifocal nodules on ultrasound and isointense lesions on T1- and hypointense on T2-weighted MR images (derived from characteristics of testicular adrenal rest tumours). Polycystic ovaries were defined as the presence of > or = 10 follicles arranged peripherally around or scattered throughout increased stroma. No ovarian adrenal rest tumours were found either on ultrasound, or by MR imaging. Polycystic ovaries were found in 2 of the 13 patients (15.4%), both with ultrasound and MR. No ovarian adrenal rest tumours were detected in these female CAH patients, which suggests that ovarian adrenal rest tumours in CAH females are rare. The prevalence of polycystic ovaries corresponded to that in the general population. From these results, we would suggest that routine ovarian imaging in CAH females is not indicated. However, when ovarian dysfunction is present, ovarian imaging is advised, first by ultrasonography, to detect ovarian adrenal rest tumours or polycystic ovaries.