Inelastic and elastic mean free paths from FIB samples of metallic glasses.

We have used focused ion beam (FIB) milling and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to prepare samples of known thickness for measurement of the electron scattering elastic and inelastic mean free paths (EMFP and IMFP respectively) of three metallic glasses, Cu(64.5)Zr(35.5), Zr(50)Cu(45)Al(5), and Al(87)Y(7)Fe(5)Cu. After measuring the EMFP and IMFP in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we used the FIB to coat the lamellae with carbon on the top and bottom surfaces, which eliminated secondary electron emission from those surfaces and made SEM measurements of their thickness more reliable. At 200 kV, we find IMFP/ EMFP values of 146±2/43±1, 163±1/41±1, and 149±1/85±1 nm, respectively for the three glass compositions. Our results differ from available models for the IMFP by as much as 50%.

Physician survey on the care of children with tracheotomy.

A survey was distributed to practicing pediatric otolaryngologists in the United States, Canada, and England to determine the range of care of the pediatric tracheostomy patient. The questionnaire addressed the use of monitoring devices, intensive care unit usage, timing of first tracheotomy change, as well as parent education and home care. Of the 187 questionnaires issued, 65 responses were received, representing almost 1,500 tracheotomies per year. The results show a number of centers moving toward the establishment of a tracheostomy team, including a surgeon, specialty nurse, speech therapist, and others. As of recent years, most centers reported the increased use of monitoring devices along with earlier discharges made possible by better-trained parents.

1,3-Dialkyl-4-(iminoarylmethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ols. A series of novel potential antipsychotic agents.

2-(Diethylamino)-N-[4-(2-fluorobenzoyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl] acetamide (1) was recently found to have an antipsychotic-like profile in behavioral animal tests but, unlike clinically available antipsychotic agents, did not interact with dopamine receptors. Compound 1 was apparently metabolized to (5-amino-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(2-fluorophenyl)methanone (2), which was both active in the behavioral animal tests and toxic. The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of 1,3-dialkyl-4-(iminoarylmethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ols are described in which the hydroxy and imine functionalities were selected as possible isosteric replacements for the amino and ketone groups of the earlier series. The initial target, 1,3-dimethyl-4-(iminophenylmethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol (28), like known antipsychotics, reduced spontaneous locomotion in mice at doses that did not cause ataxia, and unlike known agents, it did not bind to D2 dopamine receptors in vitro. An examination of the SAR of related compounds indicated that maximal activity was obtained with analogues containing methyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions on the pyrazole ring and with a 3-chloro substituent on the phenyl ring. Replacement of the hydrogen atom of the imine moiety with various substituents led to loss of activity. Attempts to synthesize the 2-fluorophenyl compound analogous to 2 resulted in ring-closure to 1,3-dimethyl[1]benzopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4-(1H)-one (65). 4-[(3-Chlorophenyl)iminomethyl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol (41) was evaluated in additional tests. It inhibited conditioned avoidance responding in both rats and monkeys but, unlike available antipsychotic drugs, did not elicit dystonic movements in a primate model of antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal side effects.

[The glucagonoma syndrome--a not-so-well-known cutaneous paraneoplastic condition. Case report]. / Das Glukagonom-Syndrom--eine wenig bekannte kutane Paraneoplasie. Ein kasuistischer Bericht.

Report on a 50-year-old patient suffering from glucagonoma-syndrome caused by a metastatic pancreatic islet cell carcinoma which produced several peptide hormones. There was no chance of operative resection of the tumor because of liver metastases at the time of diagnosis. The patient was treated with DTIC, systemic corticosteroids and photochemotherapy. During this treatment the skin lesions disappeared completely.

Synthesis and biological activity of a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, CN-92,982.

A new broad spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin (CN-92,982) was prepared from the condensation of an acetylaminoacylaminophenyl pyridone with trans-7-[(D-2-phenylglycyl) amino]-3-[[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]methyl]-delta 3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid. The new cephalosporin displayed an in vitro antibacterial spectrum similar to other cephaloglycine types such as cefoperazone and SM-1652. The compound produced a high and prolonged blood level following a single intramuscular dose in a dog.