Adaptation of a constructed wetland to simultaneous treatment of monochlorobenzene and perchloroethene.

Mixed groundwater contaminations by chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOC) cause environmental hazards if contaminated groundwater discharges into surface waters and river floodplains. Constructed wetlands (CW) or engineered natural wetlands provide a promising technology for the protection of sensitive water bodies. We adapted a constructed wetland able to treat monochlorobenzene (MCB) contaminated groundwater to a mixture of MCB and tetrachloroethene (PCE), representing low and high chlorinated model VOC. Simultaneous treatment of both compounds was efficient after an adaptation time of 2 1/2 years. Removal of MCB was temporarily impaired by PCE addition, but after adaptation a MCB concentration decrease of up to 64% (55.3 micromol L(-1)) was observed. Oxygen availability in the rhizosphere was relatively low, leading to sub-optimal MCB elimination but providing also appropriate conditions for PCE dechlorination. PCE and metabolites concentration patterns indicated a very slow system adaptation. However, under steady state conditions complete removal of PCE inflow concentrations of 10-15 micromol L(-1) was achieved with negligible concentrations of chlorinated metabolites in the outflow. Recovery of total dechlorination metabolite loads corresponding to 100%, and ethene loads corresponding to 30% of the PCE inflow load provided evidence for complete reductive dechlorination, corroborated by the detection of Dehalococcoides sp.

[A whole-blood micromethod to determine lymphocyte subsets in capillary blood, comparison with other methods of indirect immunofluorescence]. / Eine Vollblut-Mikromethode zum Nachweis von Lymphozytensubpopulationen im Kapillarblut, Vergleich mit anderen Methoden der indirekten Immunfluoreszenz.

Six lymphocyte antigens were detected with monoclonal antibodies in 0.2 ml capillary blood by a whole blood micromethod. After the lysis of erythrocytes of one drop of blood the remaining cells were layered on slides and were stained by indirect immunofluorescence. The relative and absolute counts of the lymphocyte subsets were of normal value and did not differ from the counts of flow cytometry and of slide and tube tests.

[T-cell kinetics and course of humoral immune response following subcutaneous immunization with tetanus toxoid fluid vaccine]. / T-Zellkinetik und Verlauf der Humoralen Immunantwort nach subkutaner Immunisierung mit Tetanustoxoid-Fluid-Impfstoff.

Revaccinations with tetanus toxoid fluid vaccine were performed including different groups of volunteers (aged, diabetics, rheumatics). The kinetics of T-cells were demonstrated by rosette technique in a period of 63 days after revaccination. The content of tetanus antitoxin was estimated by the mouse standard neutralization test. T-cell kinetics were different in the investigated groups, probably influenced by age, illness, therapy etc. Only those patients among the aged who were in bad health showed a relatively low humoral booster reaction.

[Demonstration of the anti-thrombocyte effect of anti-human lymphocyte serum]. / Nachweis der antithrombozytären Wirkung von Anti-Humanlymphozytenglobulin.

A report is given how the antithrombocytic effect of 13 charges of human anti-lymphocyte globulin from the horse can be identified. The investigations were performed in mice and with the thrombocyte agglutination test. The test findings in mice correspond with those of the human compatibility control. Therefore, the test in mice is recommended to be used for the laboratory examination of anti-human lymphocyte globulins.

[State control of human (immunoglobulin anti-D (Rho)]. / Die staatliche Kontrolle von Human-Immunglobulin-Anti-D (Rho).

Principles governing the state control of Anti-D(RHo) Immunoglobulin, the requirements for the quality and the results obtained by testing 105 batches are outlined and discussed.