Sodium caseinate improves longevity and fertility of frozen bull semen.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodium caseinate added into freezing extender on the sperm parameters of cryopreserved bull semen and in vitro and in vivo fertility. One ejaculate of 30 bulls was used and processed using Botu-Bov (Botupharma, Botucatu, Brazil) with the addition of 20% egg yolk (EY) or 15% egg yolk with 2% sodium caseinate (EY + SC), subsequently submitted to freezing. Semen from both groups were evaluated immediately after thawing (T0) and after thermic stress at 37 °C for 90 min (T90), for sperm kinetics, by CASA method, and plasma membrane integrity (PMI), superoxide (O2-) concentration and high mitochondrial potential (HMP) by flow cytometry. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed to assess embryo cleavage rate on day 3, and blastocyst rate on day 8. The in vivo fertility test was performed using fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). In sperm evaluation, trajectory velocity, linear velocity, curvilinear velocity, and lateral head movement were higher (P < 0.05) in EY + SC at T0. At T90, while rectilinearity and linearity did not differ between EY and EY + SC (P > 0.05), the other parameters evaluated were higher in EY + SC. Similarly, the integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes (iPAM) was higher (P < 0.05) at T90 in EY + SC, but did not differ (P > 0.05) between the groups at T0. For O2- and HMP, the values were lower (P < 0.05) in EY + SC group in both moments; furthermore, EY + SC showed higher cleavage and blastocyst rates in IVF. Likewise, pregnancy rates by FTAI were higher (P < 0.05) in the EY + SC group. In conclusion, the addition of sodium caseinate into freezing extender improves sperm parameters of frozen-thawed bull semen and fertility rates on during in vitro and in vivo tests.

Como manejar doenças metabólicas que interferem na eficiência reprodutiva em éguas / How to manage metabolic diseases that affects reproductive efficiency in mares / Cómo manejar las enfermedades metabólicas que interfieren con laeficiencia reproductiva en yeguas

A síndrome cólica é uma das causas mais importante no desenvolvimento de desequilíbrios hidroeletrolíticos e ácido base em equinos e, por conseguinte, geradora de alteração na homeostase do organismo. É imperativo que medidas terapêuticas sejam adotadas na rotina de atendimento clínico do paciente equino com cólica visando corrigir os desequilíbrios hidroeletrolíticos e ácido base. A primordial opção de tratamento desses desequilíbrios é a terapia hidroeletrolítica, ou hidratação, fundamentada na correção e manutenção do estado hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido base do paciente através da administração de soluções eletrolíticas com o intuito de reestabelecer sua homeostase. As Diretrizes Terapêuticas para o Restabelecimento do Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico e Ácido Base em Equinos com Síndrome Cólica nas Condições Brasileiras de Atendimento têm como objetivo congregar vários profissionais com visão ampla, embasamento teórico sólido e vasta experiência prática, de forma a oferecer um guia terapêutico prático e específico, que possa ser utilizado por Médicos Veterinários que trabalham com equídeos em todo o Brasil.

Colic syndrome is one of the most important causes in the development of hydroelectrolytic and acid base imbalances in horses and, therefore, causes alteration in the body's homeostasis. It is imperative the adoptions of therapeutic measures in the clinical care routine of equine colic patients in order to correct the hydroelectrolytic and acid-base imbalances. The primary treatment for these imbalances is hydroelectrolytic therapy, or fluid therapy, based on the correction and maintenance of the patient's water, electrolyte and acid base status through the administration of electrolyte solutions to reestablish their homeostasis. The therapeutic guidelines for restoring hydroelectrolytic and acid-base balance in horses with colic syndrome under Brazilian conditions of care has the aim of to bring together several professionals with broad vision, solid theoretical background and extensive practical experience, in order to offer a practical and specific therapeutic guide thatc an be used by Equine Veterinary Doctors throughout Brazil.

El síndrome cólico es una de las causas más importantes en el desarrollo de desequilibrios hidroelectrolíticos y ácido base en equinos y, portanto, causa alteraciones en la homeostasis del organismo. Es imperativo que se adopten medidas terapéuticas en la rutina de atendimiento clínico de los pacientes equinos con cólico para corregir los desequilibrios hidroelectrolíticos y de ácido base. La opción primordialde tratamiento para estos desequilibrios es la terapia hidroelectrolítica, o hidratación, basada en la corrección y el mantenimiento del estado hídrico, electrolítico y ácido base del paciente a través de la administración de soluciones electrolíticas para restablecer su homeostasis. Las Directrices Terapéuticas para el Restablecimiento del Equilibrio Hidroeléctrico y Ácido Base en Equinos con Síndrome Cólico en las condiciones de Atendimiento Brasileras tienen como objetivo reunir a vários profesionales con visión amplia, antecedentes teóricos sólidos y amplia experiencia práctica para proporcionar una guía terapéutica práctica y específica, que pueda ser utilizada por Médicos Veterinarios que trabajan con equinos en todo Brasil.