Production of HIV virus-like particles by transient transfection of CAP-T cells at bioreactor scale avoiding medium replacement.

Human-derived CAP-T cell line has been demonstrated to be a powerful platform for high-titer production of HIV virus-like particles (VLPs) by PEI-mediated transient transfection. Scale-up of transfection processes is key to ensure the necessary quantities for pre-clinical and clinical testing. One of the major operational challenges of large-scale transient transfection is the medium replacement step that is often required before transfection. In this work, CAP-T cells were cultured in 1L bioreactor with addition of sodium bicarbonate and surface aeration, which were observed to improve cell state for transfection. Remarkably, the medium replacement step was avoided by culturing the cells in a combination of media (FreeStyleF17+1% of PEM) compatible with cell growth and PEI-mediated transient transfection. In the conditions developed in this work, 0.5×106cells/mL were seeded in 1L bioreactor. Two days later, ∼2×106cells/mL were transfected without medium exchange, using 0.5pg of DNA/cell and 3pg of PEI/cell. Transfection efficiency and VLP production comparable to shake flasks were obtained with a production of 4×1010VLPs/mL. This novel strategy significantly simplifies large-scale transient transfection, while suitable cell growth, transfection efficiency, and high quality VLP production are achieved.

Ciberacoso en la adolescencia y revelación de las agresiones / No disponible

El ciberacoso, sobre todo el que acontece entre adolescentes, es una problemática social que de forma creciente concentra los esfuerzos investigadores de la comunidad científica. Una estrategia de afrontamiento que puede amortiguar sus efectos es la revelación de la experiencia vivida a personas cercanas. Este trabajo analiza por un lado, la frecuencia e intensidad de ciberacoso y cibervictimización en una muestra de 394 adolescentes españoles, y por otro, la revelación de la cibervictimización como estrategia de afrontamiento del fenómeno de ciberacoso. Además se examinan las diferencias de género en estas variables. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran un alto porcentaje de participantes implicados en el fenómeno del ciberacoso, bien como ciberagresores o como cibervíctimas. El 52.4% de los adolescentes victimizados reveló su experiencia a alguna persona cercana, siendo las personas a las que mayoritariamente recurrían sus amistades frente a otras personas adultas. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de intervenir con los adolescentes y sensibilizarlos sobre la necesidad de comunicar las situaciones de ciberacoso a personas adultas que puedan ayudarles a poner fin a la situación y superar la experiencia vivida

Cyberbullying, particularly among teenagers, is a serious social problem that is arising increasing scientific interest. A coping strategy that may buffer its negative effects is revealing the experience to handy people. This study analyses frequency and intensity of cyberbullying and cybervictimization in a sample of 394 Spanish teenagers as well as revelation of cybervictimization as a coping strategy of the phenomenon. Gender differences on these variables are also analysed. Results show a high involvement in cyberbullying either as cyberbullies or as cybervictims. 52.4% of victimized teens revealed their experience to handy people, particularly close friends as compared to adults. These findings suggest the need for intervention with teens to raise awareness of the need to communicate cyberbullying situations to adults who can help them end the situation and overcome the experience

Conducción y envejecimiento / Driving and aging

Cada día aumenta el número de personas mayores que continúa circulando por nuestras carreteras. Sin embargo, aún no está claro si los mayores sufren más accidentes de tráfico que otros grupos de población. Es cierto que presentan una serie de factores de riesgo por la disminución de sus funciones motoras, sensoriales y cognitivas, mostrando también una mayor fragilidad y vulnerabilidad. Sin embargo, los conductores mayores son conscientes de sus riesgos y ponen en práctica una serie de acciones compensatorias, evitando aquellas situaciones de conducción que consideran amenazantes (tráfico denso, condiciones climatológicas adversas o conducción nocturna), transitan por recorridos conocidos y conducen con precaución. Ante estas impresiones contradictorias, este trabajo pretende discernir el riesgo real de sufrir accidentes, los patrones de conducción y de accidentalidad característicos de un sector de la población que crece cada vez más en los países desarrollados(AU)

The number of older people who continue to drive is constantly increasing. However, whether older people have more traffic accidents than other age groups is unclear. This age group has certain risk factors due to decreased motor, sensory and cognitive functions and also has greater frailty and vulnerability to injury. However, older drivers are aware of their heightened crash risk and employ certain compensatory actions, avoiding traveling under threatening conditions (dense traffic, bad weather or night driving), traveling by well-known routes and driving carefully. In view of these apparent contradictions, the present study attempts to discern the real crash risk and the driving and crash patterns characteristic of this population, which is continually increasing in industrialized countries(AU)

[Driving and aging]. / Conducción y envejecimiento.

The number of older people who continue to drive is constantly increasing. However, whether older people have more traffic accidents than other age groups is unclear. This age group has certain risk factors due to decreased motor, sensory and cognitive functions and also has greater frailty and vulnerability to injury. However, older drivers are aware of their heightened crash risk and employ certain compensatory actions, avoiding traveling under threatening conditions (dense traffic, bad weather or night driving), traveling by well-known routes and driving carefully. In view of these apparent contradictions, the present study attempts to discern the real crash risk and the driving and crash patterns characteristic of this population, which is continually increasing in industrialized countries.